讲中国历史，看历史知识，尽在讲历史网当前位置：&&明史-志-卷七十推荐阅读本周热门本月热门作品名：作者：朝代：原文◎&刑xíng法fǎ二èr三sān法fǎ司sī曰yuē刑xíng部bù、&都dōu察chá院yuàn、&大dà理lǐ寺sì。&刑xíng部bù受shòu天tiān下xià刑xíng名míng,&都dōu察chá院yuàn纠jiū察chá,&大dà理lǐ寺sì驳bó正zhèng。&太tài祖zǔ尝cháng曰yuē:&“&凡fán有yǒu大dà狱yù,&当dāng面miàn讯xùn,&防fáng构gòu陷xiàn锻duàn炼liàn之zhī弊bì。&”&故gù其qí时shí重zhòng案àn多duō亲qīn鞫jū,&不bú委wěi法fǎ司sī。&洪hóng武wǔ十shí四sì年nián,&命mìng刑xíng部bù听tīng两liǎng造zào之zhī词cí,&议yì定dìng入rù奏zòu。&既jì奏zòu,&录lù所suǒ下xià旨zhǐ,&送sòng四sì辅fǔ官guān、&谏jiàn院yuàn官guān、&给gěi事shì中zhōng覆fù核hé无wú异yì,&然rán后hòu覆fù奏zòu行háng之zhī。&有yǒu疑yí狱yù,&则zé四sì辅fǔ官guān封fēng驳bó之zhī。&逾yú年nián,&四sì辅fǔ官guān罢bà,&乃nǎi命mìng议yì狱yù者zhě一yī归guī于yú三sān法fǎ司sī。&十shí六liù年nián,&命mìng刑xíng部bù尚shàng书shū开kāi济jì等děng,&议yì定dìng五wǔ六liù日rì旬xún时shí三sān审shěn五wǔ覆fù之zhī法fǎ。&十shí七qī年nián,&建jiàn三sān法fǎ司sī于yú太tài平píng门mén外wài钟zhōng山shān之zhī阴yīn,&命mìng之zhī曰yuē贯guàn城chéng。&下xià敕chì言yán:&“&贯guàn索suǒ七qī星xīng如rú贯guàn珠zhū,&环huán而ér成chéng象xiàng名míng天tiān牢láo。&中zhōng虚xū则zé刑xíng平píng,&官guān无wú邪xié私sī,&故gù狱yù无wú囚qiú人rén贯guàn内nèi空kōng中zhōng有yǒu星xīng或huò数shù枚méi者zhě即jí刑xíng繁fán,&刑xíng官guān非fēi其qí人rén有yǒu星xīng而ér明míng,&为wéi贵guì人rén无wú罪zuì而ér狱yù。&今jīn法fǎ天tiān道dào置zhì法fǎ司sī,&尔ěr诸zhū司sī其qí各gè慎shèn乃nǎi事shì,&法fǎ天tiān道dào行háng之zhī,&令lìng贯guàn索suǒ中zhōng虚xū,&庶shù不bú负fù朕zhèn肇zhào建jiàn之zhī意yì。&”&又yòu谕yù法fǎ司sī官guān:&“&布bù政zhèng、&按àn察chá司sī所suǒ拟nǐ刑xíng名míng,&其qí间jiān人rén命mìng重zhòng狱yù,&具jù奏zòu转zhuǎn达dá刑xíng部bù、&都dōu察chá院yuàn参cān考kǎo,&大dà理lǐ寺sì详xiáng拟nǐ。&著zhe为wéi令lìng。&”&刑xíng部bù有yǒu十shí三sān清qīng吏lì司sī,&治zhì各gè布bù政zhèng司sī刑xíng名míng,&而ér陵líng卫wèi、&王wáng府fǔ、&公gōng侯hóu伯bó府fǔ、&在zài京jīng诸zhū曹cáo及jí两liǎng京jīng州zhōu郡jun4,&亦yì分fèn隶lì之zhī。&按àn察chá名míng提tí刑xíng,&盖gài在zài外wài之zhī法fǎ司sī也yě,&参cān以yǐ副fù使shǐ、&佥qiān事shì,&分fèn治zhì各gè府fǔ县xiàn事shì。&京jīng师shī自zì笞chī以yǐ上shàng罪zuì,&悉xī由yóu部bù议yì。&洪hóng武wǔ初chū决jué狱yù,&笞chī五wǔ十shí者zhě县xiàn决jué之zhī,&杖zhàng八bā十shí者zhě州zhōu决jué之zhī,&一yī百bǎi者zhě府fǔ决jué之zhī,&徒tú以yǐ上shàng具jù狱yù送sòng行háng省shěng,&移yí驳bó繁fán而ér贿huì赂lù行háng。&乃nǎi命mìng中zhōng书shū省shěng御yù史shǐ台tái详xiáng谳yàn,&改gǎi月yuè报bào为wéi季jì报bào,&以yǐ季jì报bào之zhī数shù,&类lèi为wéi岁suì报bào。&凡fán府fǔ州zhōu县xiàn轻qīng重zhòng狱yù囚qiú,&依yī律lǜ决jué断duàn。&违wéi枉wǎng者zhě,&御yù史shǐ、&按àn察chá司sī纠jiū劾hé。&至zhì二èr十shí六liù年nián定dìng制zhì,&布bù政zhèng司sī及jí直zhí隶lì府fǔ州zhōu县xiàn,&笞chī杖zhàng就jiù决jué徒tú流liú、&迁qiān徙xǐ、&充chōng军jun1、&杂zá犯fàn死sǐ罪zuì解jiě部bù,&审shěn录lù行háng下xià,&具jù死sǐ囚qiú所suǒ坐zuò罪zuì名míng上shàng部bù详xiáng议yì如rú律lǜ者zhě,&大dà理lǐ寺sì拟nǐ覆fù平píng允yǔn,&监jiān收shōu侯hóu决jué。&其qí决jué不bú待dài时shí重zhòng囚qiú,&报bào可kě,&即jí奏zòu遣qiǎn官guān往wǎng决jué之zhī。&情qíng词cí不bú明míng或huò失shī出chū入rù者zhě,&大dà理lǐ寺sì驳bó回huí改gǎi正zhèng,&再zài问wèn驳bó至zhì三sān,&改gǎi拟nǐ不bú当dāng,&将jiāng当dāng该gāi官guān吏lì奏zòu问wèn,&谓wèi之zhī照zhào驳bó。&若ruò亭tíng疑yí谳yàn决jué,&而ér囚qiú有yǒu番fān异yì,&则zé改gǎi调diào隔gé别bié衙yá门mén问wèn拟nǐ。&二èr次cì番fān异yì不bú服fú,&则zé具jù奏zòu,&会huì九jiǔ卿qīng鞫jū之zhī,&谓wèi之zhī圆yuán审shěn。&至zhì三sān四sì讯xùn不bú服fú,&而ér后hòu请qǐng旨zhǐ决jué焉yān。&正zhèng统tǒng四sì年nián,&稍shāo更gèng直zhí省shěng决jué遣qiǎn之zhī制zhì,&徒tú流liú就jiù彼bǐ决jué遣qiǎn,&死sǐ罪zuì以yǐ闻wén。&成chéng化huà五wǔ年nián,&南nán大dà理lǐ评píng事shì张zhāng钰yù言yán:&“&南nán京jīng法fǎ司sī多duō用yòng严yán刑xíng,&迫pò囚qiú诬wū服fú,&其qí被bèi纠jiū者zhě亦yì止zhǐ改gǎi正zhèng而ér无wú罪zuì,&甚shèn非fēi律lǜ意yì。&”&乃nǎi诏zhào申shēn大dà理lǐ寺sì参cān问wèn刑xíng部bù之zhī制zhì。&弘hóng治zhì十shí七qī年nián,&刑xíng部bù主zhǔ事shì朱zhū瑬liú言yán:&“&部bù囚qiú送sòng大dà理lǐ,&第dì当dāng驳bó正zhèng,&不bú当dāng用yòng刑xíng。&”&大dà理lǐ卿qīng杨yáng守shǒu随suí言yán:&“&刑xíng具jù永yǒng乐lè间jiān设shè,&不bú可kě废fèi。&”&帝dì是shì其qí言yán。&会huì官guān审shěn录lù之zhī例lì,&定dìng于yú洪hóng武wǔ三sān十shí年nián。&初chū制zhì,&有yǒu大dà狱yù必bì面miàn讯xùn。&十shí四sì年nián,&命mìng法fǎ司sī论lùn囚qiú,&拟nǐ律lǜ以yǐ奏zòu,&从cóng翰hàn林lín院yuàn、&给gěi事shì中zhōng及jí春chūn坊fāng正zhèng字zì、&司sī直zhí郎láng会huì议yì平píng允yǔn,&然rán后hòu覆fù奏zòu论lùn决jué。&至zhì是shì置zhì政zhèng平píng、&讼sòng理lǐ二èr幡fān,&审shěn谕yù罪zuì囚qiú。&谕yù刑xíng部bù曰yuē:&“&自zì今jīn论lùn囚qiú,&惟wéi武wǔ臣chén、&死sǐ罪zuì,&朕zhèn亲qīn审shěn之zhī,&余yú俱jù以yǐ所suǒ犯fàn奏zòu。&然rán后hòu引yǐn至zhì承chéng天tiān门mén外wài,&命mìng行háng人rén持chí讼sòng理lǐ幡fān,&传chuán旨zhǐ谕yù之zhī其qí无wú罪zuì应yīng释shì者zhě,&持chí政zhèng平píng幡fān,&宣xuān德dé意yì遣qiǎn之zhī。&”&继jì令lìng五wǔ军jun1都dōu督dū府fǔ、&六liù部bù、&都dōu察chá院yuàn、&六liù科kē、&通tōng政zhèng司sī、&詹zhān事shì府fǔ,&间jiān及jí驸fù马mǎ杂zá听tīng之zhī,&录lù冤yuān者zhě以yǐ状zhuàng闻wén,&无wú冤yuān者zhě实shí犯fàn死sǐ罪zuì以yǐ下xià悉xī论lùn如rú律lǜ,&诸zhū杂zá犯fàn准zhǔn赎shú。&永yǒng乐lè七qī年nián,&令lìng大dà理lǐ寺sì官guān引yǐn法fǎ司sī囚qiú犯fàn赴fù承chéng天tiān门mén外wài,&行háng人rén持chí节jiē传chuán旨zhǐ,&会huì同tóng府fǔ、&部bù、&通tōng政zhèng司sī、&六liù科kē等děng官guān审shěn录lù,&如rú洪hóng武wǔ制zhì。&十shí七qī年nián,&令lìng在zài外wài死sǐ罪zuì重zhòng囚qiú,&悉xī赴fù京jīng师shī审shěn录lù。&仁rén宗zōng特tè命mìng内nèi阁gé学xué士shì会huì审shěn重zhòng囚qiú,&可kě疑yí者zhě再zài问wèn。&宣xuān德dé三sān年nián奏zòu重zhòng囚qiú,&帝dì令lìng多duō官guān覆fù阅yuè之zhī,&曰yuē:&“&古gǔ者zhě断duàn狱yù,&必bì讯xùn于yú三sān公gōng九jiǔ卿qīng,&所suǒ以yǐ合hé至zhì公gōng,&重zhòng民mín命mìng。&卿qīng等děng往wǎng同tóng覆fù审shěn,&毋wú致zhì枉wǎng死sǐ。&”&英yīng国guó公gōng张zhāng辅fǔ等děng还hái奏zòu,&诉sù枉wǎng者zhě五wǔ十shí六liù人rén,&重zhòng命mìng法fǎ司sī勘kān实shí,&因yīn切qiē戒jiè焉yān。&天tiān顺shùn三sān年nián,&令lìng每měi岁suì霜shuāng降jiàng后hòu,&三sān法fǎ司sī同tóng公gōng、&侯hóu、&伯bó会huì审shěn重zhòng囚qiú,&谓wèi之zhī朝cháo审shěn。&历lì朝cháo遂suí遵zūn行háng之zhī。&成chéng化huà十shí七qī年nián,&命mìng司sī礼lǐ太tài监jiān一yī员yuán会huì同tóng三sān法fǎ司sī堂táng上shàng官guān,&于yú大dà理lǐ寺sì审shěn录lù,&谓wèi之zhī大dà审shěn。&南nán京jīng则zé命mìng内nèi守shǒu备bèi行háng之zhī。&自zì此cǐ定dìng例lì,&每měi五wǔ年nián辄zhé大dà审shěn。&初chū,&成chéng祖zǔ定dìng热rè审shěn之zhī例lì,&英yīng宗zōng特tè行háng朝cháo审shěn,&至zhì是shì复fù有yǒu大dà审shěn,&所suǒ矜jīn疑yí放fàng遣qiǎn,&尝cháng倍bèi于yú热rè审shěn时shí。&内nèi阁gé之zhī与yǔ审shěn也yě,&自zì宪xiàn宗zōng罢bà,&至zhì隆lóng庆qìng元yuán年nián,&高gāo拱gǒng复fù行háng之zhī。&故gù事shì,&朝cháo审shěn吏lì部bù尚shàng书shū秉bǐng笔bǐ,&时shí拱gǒng适shì兼jiān吏lì部bù故gù也yě。&至zhì万wàn历lì二èr十shí六liù年nián朝cháo审shěn,&吏lì部bù尚shàng书shū缺quē,&以yǐ户hù部bù尚shàng书shū杨yáng俊jun4民mín主zhǔ之zhī。&三sān十shí二èr年nián复fù缺quē,&以yǐ户hù部bù尚shàng书shū赵zhào世shì卿qīng主zhǔ之zhī。&崇chóng祯zhēn十shí五wǔ年nián,&命mìng首shǒu辅fǔ周zhōu延yán儒rú同tóng三sān法fǎ司sī清qīng理lǐ淹yān狱yù,&盖gài出chū于yú特tè旨zhǐ云yún。&大dà审shěn,&自zì万wàn历lì二èr十shí九jiǔ年nián旷kuàng不bú举jǔ,&四sì十shí四sì年nián乃nǎi行háng之zhī。&热rè审shěn始shǐ永yǒng乐lè二èr年nián,&止zhǐ决jué遣qiǎn轻qīng罪zuì,&命mìng出chū狱yù听tīng候hòu而ér已yǐ。&寻xún并bìng宽kuān及jí徒tú流liú以yǐ下xià。&宣xuān德dé二èr年nián五wǔ、&六liù、&七qī月yuè,&连lián论lùn三sān法fǎ司sī录lù上shàng系xì囚qiú罪zuì状zhuàng,&凡fán决jué遣qiǎn二èr千qiān八bā百bǎi余yú人rén。&七qī年nián二èr月yuè,&亲qīn阅yuè法fǎ司sī所suǒ进jìn系xì囚qiú罪zuì状zhuàng,&决jué遣qiǎn千qiān余yú人rén,&减jiǎn等děng输shū纳nà,&春chūn审shěn自zì此cǐ始shǐ。&六liù月yuè,&又yòu以yǐ炎yán暑shǔ,&命mìng自zì实shí犯fàn死sǐ罪zuì外wài,&悉xī早zǎo发fā遣qiǎn,&且qiě驰chí谕yù中zhōng外wài刑xíng狱yù悉xī如rú之zhī。&成chéng化huà时shí,&热rè审shěn始shǐ有yǒu重zhòng罪zuì矜jīn疑yí、&轻qīng罪zuì减jiǎn等děng、&枷jiā号hào疏shū放fàng诸zhū例lì。&正zhèng德dé元yuán年nián,&掌zhǎng大dà理lǐ寺sì工gōng部bù尚shàng书shū杨yáng守shǒu随suí言yán:&“&每měi岁suì热rè审shěn事shì例lì,&行háng于yú北běi京jīng而ér不bú行háng于yú南nán京jīng。&五wǔ年nián一yī审shěn录lù事shì例lì,&行háng于yú在zài京jīng,&而ér略luè于yú在zài外wài。&今jīn宜yí通tōng行háng南nán京jīng,&凡fán审shěn囚qiú,&三sān法fǎ司sī皆jiē会huì审shěn,&其qí在zài外wài审shěn录lù,&亦yì依yī此cǐ例lì。&”&诏zhào可kě。&嘉jiā靖jìng十shí年nián,&令lìng每měi年nián热rè审shěn并bìng五wǔ年nián审shěn录lù之zhī期qī,&杂zá犯fàn死sǐ罪zuì、&准zhǔn徒tú五wǔ年nián者zhě,&皆jiē减jiǎn一yī年nián。&二èr十shí三sān年nián,&刑xíng科kē罗luó崇chóng奎kuí言yán:&“&五wǔ、&六liù月yuè间jiān,&笞chī罪zuì应yīng释shì放fàng、&徒tú罪zuì应yīng减jiǎn等děng者zhě,&亦yì宜yí如rú成chéng化huà时shí钦qīn恤xù枷jiā号hào例lì,&暂zàn与yǔ蠲juān免miǎn,&至zhì六liù月yuè终zhōng止zhǐ。&南nán法fǎ司sī亦yì如rú之zhī。&”&报bào可kě。&隆lóng庆qìng五wǔ年nián,&令lìng赃zāng银yín止zhǐ十shí两liǎng以yǐ上shàng、&监jiān久jiǔ产chǎn绝jué、&或huò身shēn故gù者zhě,&热rè审shěn免miǎn追zhuī,&释shì其qí家jiā属shǔ。&万wàn历lì三sān十shí九jiǔ年nián,&方fāng大dà暑shǔ省shěng刑xíng,&而ér热rè审shěn矜jīn疑yí疏shū未wèi下xià。&刑xíng部bù侍shì郎láng沈shěn应yīng文wén以yǐ狱yù囚qiú久jiǔ滞zhì,&乞qǐ暂zàn豁huō矜jīn疑yí者zhě。&未wèi报bào。&明míng日rì,&法fǎ司sī尽jìn按àn囚qiú籍jí军jun1徒tú杖zhàng罪zuì未wèi结jié者zhě五wǔ十shí三sān人rén,&发fā大dà兴xìng、&宛wǎn平píng二èr县xiàn监jiān候hòu,&乃nǎi以yǐ疏shū闻wén。&神shén宗zōng亦yì不bú罪zuì也yě。&旧jiù例lì,&每měi年nián热rè审shěn自zì小xiǎo满mǎn后hòu十shí余yú日rì,&司sī礼lǐ监jiān传chuán旨zhǐ下xià刑xíng部bù,&即jí会huì同tóng都dōu察chá院yuàn、&锦jǐn衣yī卫wèi题tí请qǐng,&通tōng行háng南nán京jīng法fǎ司sī,&一yī体tǐ审shěn拟nǐ具jù奏zòu。&京jīng师shī自zì命mìng下xià之zhī日rì至zhì六liù月yuè终zhōng止zhǐ。&南nán京jīng自zì部bù移yí至zhì日rì为wéi始shǐ,&亦yì满mǎn两liǎng月yuè而ér止zhǐ。&四sì十shí四sì年nián不bú举jǔ行háng。&明míng年nián,&又yòu逾yú两liǎng月yuè,&命mìng未wèi下xià,&会huì暑shǔ雨yǔ,&狱yù中zhōng多duō疫yì。&言yán官guān以yǐ热rè审shěn愆qiān期qī、&朝cháo审shěn不bú行háng、&诏zhào狱yù理lǐ刑xíng无wú人rén三sān事shì交jiāo章zhāng上shàng请qǐng。&又yòu请qǐng释shì楚chǔ宗zōng英yīng嫶jiāo、&蕴yùn钫fāng等děng五wǔ十shí余yú人rén,&罣guà误wù知zhī县xiàn满mǎn朝cháo荐jiàn,&同tóng知zhī王wáng邦bāng才cái、&卞biàn孔kǒng时shí等děng。&皆jiē不bú报bào。&崇chóng祯zhēn十shí五wǔ年nián四sì月yuè亢kàng旱hàn,&下xià诏zhào清qīng狱yù。&中zhōng允yǔn黄huáng道dào周zhōu言yán:&“&中zhōng外wài斋zhāi宿xiǔ为wéi百bǎi姓xìng请qǐng命mìng,&而ér五wǔ日rì之zhī内nèi系xì两liǎng尚shàng书shū,&不bú闻wén有yǒu抗kàng疏shū争zhēng者zhě,&尚shàng足zú回huí天tiān意yì乎hū?&”&两liǎng尚shàng书shū谓wèi李lǐ日rì宣xuān、&陈chén新xīn甲jiǎ也yě。&帝dì方fāng重zhòng怒nù二èr人rén,&不bú能néng从cóng。&历lì朝cháo无wú寒hán审shěn之zhī制zhì,&崇chóng祯zhēn十shí年nián,&以yǐ代dài州zhōu知zhī州zhōu郭guō正zhèng中zhōng疏shū及jí寒hán审shěn,&命mìng所suǒ司sī求qiú故gù事shì。&尚shàng书shū郑zhèng三sān俊jun4乃nǎi引yǐn数shù事shì以yǐ奏zòu,&言yán:&“&谨jǐn按àn洪hóng武wǔ二èr十shí三sān年nián十shí二èr月yuè癸guǐ未wèi,&太tài祖zǔ谕yù刑xíng部bù尚shàng书shū杨yáng靖jìng,&‘&自zì今jīn惟wéi犯fàn十shí恶è并bìng杀shā人rén者zhě论lùn死sǐ,&余yú死sǐ罪zuì皆jiē令lìng输shū粟sù北běi边biān以yǐ自zì赎shú’&。&永yǒng乐lè四sì年nián十shí一yī月yuè,&法fǎ司sī进jìn月yuè系xì囚qiú数shù,&凡fán数shù百bǎi人rén,&大dà辟pì仅jǐn十shí之zhī一yī。&成chéng祖zǔ谕yù吕lǚ震zhèn曰yuē:&‘&此cǐ等děng既jì非fēi死sǐ罪zuì,&而ér久jiǔ系xì不bú决jué,&天tiān气qì冱hù寒hán,&必bì有yǒu听tīng其qí冤yuān死sǐ者zhě。&’&凡fán杂zá犯fàn死sǐ罪zuì下xià约yuē二èr百bǎi,&悉xī准zhǔn赎shú发fā遣qiǎn。&九jiǔ年nián十shí一yī月yuè,&刑xíng科kē曹cáo润rùn等děng言yán:&‘&昔xī以yǐ天tiān寒hán,&审shěn释shì轻qīng囚qiú。&今jīn囚qiú或huò淹yān一yī年nián以yǐ上shàng,&且qiě一yī月yuè间jiān瘐yǔ死sǐ者zhě九jiǔ百bǎi三sān十shí余yú人rén,&狱yù吏lì之zhī毒dú所suǒ不bú忍rěn言yán。&’&成chéng祖zǔ召zhào法fǎ司sī切qiē责zé,&遂suí诏zhào:&‘&徒tú流liú以yǐ下xià三sān日rì内nèi决jué放fàng,&重zhòng罪zuì当dāng系xì者zhě恤xù之zhī,&无wú令lìng死sǐ于yú饥jī寒hán。&’&十shí二èr年nián十shí一yī月yuè,&复fù令lìng以yǐ疑yí狱yù名míng上shàng,&亲qīn阅yuè之zhī。&宣xuān德dé四sì年nián十shí月yuè,&以yǐ皇huáng太tài子zǐ千qiān秋qiū节jiē,&减jiǎn杂zá犯fàn死sǐ罪zuì以yǐ下xià,&宥yòu笞chī杖zhàng及jí枷jiā鐐liào者zhě。&嗣sì后hòu,&世shì宗zōng、&神shén宗zōng或huò以yǐ灾zāi异yì修xiū刑xíng,&或huò以yǐ覃tán恩ēn布bù德dé。&寒hán审shěn虽suī无wú近jìn例lì,&而ér先xiān朝cháo宽kuān大dà,&皆jiē所suǒ宜yí取qǔ法fǎ者zhě。&”&奏zòu上shàng,&帝dì纳nà其qí言yán。&然rán永yǒng乐lè十shí一yī年nián十shí月yuè,&遣qiǎn副fù都dōu御yù史shǐ李lǐ庆qìng赍jī玺xǐ书shū,&命mìng皇huáng太tài子zǐ录lù南nán京jīng囚qiú,&赎shú杂zá犯fàn死sǐ罪zuì以yǐ下xià。&宣xuān德dé四sì年nián冬dōng,&以yǐ天tiān气qì冱hù寒hán,&敕chì南nán北běi刑xíng官guān悉xī录lù系xì囚qiú以yǐ闻wén,&不bú分fèn轻qīng重zhòng。&因yīn谓wèi夏xià原yuán吉jí等děng曰yuē:&“&尧yáo、&舜shùn之zhī世shì,&民mín不bú犯fàn法fǎ,&成chéng、&康kāng之zhī时shí,&刑xíng措cuò不bú用yòng,&皆jiē君jun1臣chén同tóng德dé所suǒ致zhì。&朕zhèn德dé薄báo,&卿qīng等děng其qí勉miǎn力lì匡kuāng扶fú,&庶shù无wú愧kuì古gǔ人rén。&”&此cǐ寒hán审shěn最zuì著zhe者zhě,&三sān俊jun4亦yì不bú暇xiá详xiáng也yě。&在zài外wài恤xù刑xíng会huì审shěn之zhī例lì,&定dìng于yú成chéng化huà时shí。&初chū,&太tài祖zǔ患huàn刑xíng狱yù壅yōng蔽bì,&分fèn遣qiǎn御yù史shǐ林lín愿yuàn、&石shí恒héng等děng治zhì各gè道dào囚qiú,&而ér敕chì谕yù之zhī。&宣xuān宗zōng夜yè读dú《&周zhōu官guān·&立lì政zhèng》&:&“&式shì敬jìng尔ěr由yóu狱yù,&以yǐ长zhǎng我wǒ王wáng国guó。&”&慨kǎi然rán兴xìng叹tàn,&以yǐ为wéi立lì国guó基jī命mìng在zài于yú此cǐ。&乃nǎi敕chì三sān法fǎ司sī:&“&朕zhèn体tǐ上shàng帝dì好hǎo生shēng之zhī心xīn,&惟wéi刑xíng是shì恤xù。&令lìng尔ěr等děng详xiáng覆fù天tiān下xià重zhòng狱yù,&而ér犯fàn者zhě远yuǎn在zài千qiān万wàn里lǐ外wài,&需xū次cì当dāng决jué,&岂qǐ能néng无wú冤yuān?&”&因yīn遣qiǎn官guān审shěn录lù之zhī。&正zhèng统tǒng六liù年nián四sì月yuè,&以yǐ灾zāi异yì频pín见jiàn,&敕chì遣qiǎn三sān法fǎ司sī官guān详xiáng审shěn天tiān下xià疑yí狱yù。&于yú是shì御yù史shǐ张zhāng骥jì、&刑xíng部bù郎láng林lín厚hòu、&大dà理lǐ寺sì正zhèng李lǐ从cóng智zhì等děng十shí三sān人rén同tóng奉fèng敕chì往wǎng,&而ér复fù以yǐ刑xíng部bù侍shì郎láng何hé文wén渊yuān、&大dà理lǐ卿qīng王wáng文wén、&巡xún抚fǔ侍shì郎láng周zhōu忱chén、&刑xíng科kē给gěi事shì中zhōng郭guō瑾jǐn审shěn两liǎng京jīng刑xíng狱yù,&亦yì赐cì敕chì。&后hòu评píng事shì马mǎ豫yù言yán:&“&臣chén奉fèng敕chì审shěn刑xíng,&窃qiè见jiàn各gè处chù捉zhuō获huò强qiáng盗dào,&多duō因yīn仇chóu人rén指zhǐ攀pān,&拷kǎo掠luě成chéng狱yù,&不bú待dài详xiáng报bào,&死sǐ伤shāng者zhě甚shèn多duō。&今jīn后hòu宜yí勿wù听tīng妄wàng指zhǐ,&果guǒ有yǒu赃zāng证zhèng,&御yù史shǐ、&按àn察chá司sī会huì审shěn,&方fāng许xǔ论lùn决jué。&若ruò未wèi审shěn录lù有yǒu伤shāng死sǐ者zhě,&毋wú得dé准zhǔn例lì升shēng赏shǎng。&”&是shì年nián,&出chū死sǐ囚qiú以yǐ下xià无wú数shù。&九jiǔ年nián,&山shān东dōng副fù使shǐ王wáng裕yù言yán:&“&囚qiú狱yù当dāng会huì审shěn,&而ér御yù史shǐ及jí三sān司sī官guān或huò逾yú年nián一yī会huì,&囚qiú多duō瘐yǔ死sǐ。&往wǎng者zhě常cháng遣qiǎn御yù史shǐ会huì按àn察chá司sī详xiáng审shěn,&释shì遣qiǎn甚shèn众zhòng。&今jīn莫mò若ruò罢bà会huì审shěn之zhī例lì,&而ér行háng详xiáng审shěn之zhī法fǎ,&敕chì遣qiǎn按àn察chá司sī官guān一yī员yuán,&专zhuān审shěn诸zhū狱yù。&”&部bù持chí旧jiù制zhì不bú可kě废fèi。&帝dì命mìng审shěn例lì仍réng旧jiù,&复fù如rú详xiáng审shěn例lì,&选xuǎn按àn察chá司sī官guān一yī员yuán与yǔ巡xún按àn御yù史shǐ同tóng审shěn。&失shī出chū者zhě姑gū勿wù问wèn,&涉shè赃zāng私sī者zhě究jiū如rú律lǜ。&成chéng化huà元yuán年nián,&南nán京jīng户hù部bù侍shì郎láng陈chén翼yì因yīn灾zāi异yì复fù请qǐng如rú正zhèng统tǒng例lì。&部bù议yì以yǐ诸zhū方fāng多duō事shì,&不bú行háng。&八bā年nián,&乃nǎi分fèn遣qiǎn刑xíng部bù郎láng中zhōng刘liú秩zhì等děng十shí四sì人rén会huì巡xún按àn御yù史shǐ及jí三sān司sī官guān审shěn录lù,&敕chì书shū郑zhèng重zhòng遣qiǎn之zhī。&十shí二èr年nián,&大dà学xué士shì商shāng辂lù言yán:&“&自zì八bā年nián遣qiǎn官guān后hòu,&五wǔ年nián于yú兹zī,&乞qǐ更gèng如rú例lì行háng。&”&帝dì从cóng其qí请qǐng。&至zhì十shí七qī年nián,&定dìng在zài京jīng五wǔ年nián大dà审shěn。&即jí于yú是shì年nián遣qiǎn部bù寺sì官guān分fèn行háng天tiān下xià,&会huì同tóng巡xún按àn御yù史shǐ行háng事shì。&于yú是shì恤xù刑xíng者zhě至zhì,&则zé多duō所suǒ放fàng遣qiǎn。&嘉jiā靖jìng四sì十shí三sān年nián,&定dìng坐zuò赃zāng不bú及jí百bǎi两liǎng,&产chǎn绝jué者zhě免miǎn监jiān追zhuī。&万wàn历lì四sì年nián,&敕chì杂zá犯fàn死sǐ罪zuì准zhǔn徒tú五wǔ年nián者zhě,&并bìng两liǎng犯fàn徒tú律lǜ应yīng总zǒng徒tú四sì年nián者zhě,&各gè减jiǎn一yī年nián,&其qí他tā徒tú流liú等děng罪zuì俱jù减jiǎn等děng。&皆jiē由yóu恤xù刑xíng者zhě奏zòu定dìng。&所suǒ生shēng全quán者zhě益yì多duō矣yǐ。&初chū,&正zhèng统tǒng十shí一yī年nián,&遣qiǎn刑xíng部bù郎láng中zhōng郭guō恂xún、&员yuán外wài郎láng陆lù瑜yú审shěn南nán、&北běi直zhí隶lì狱yù囚qiú,&文wén职zhí五wǔ品pǐn以yǐ下xià有yǒu罪zuì,&许xǔ执zhí问wèn。&嘉jiā靖jìng间jiān制zhì,&审shěn录lù官guān一yī省shěng事shì竣jun4,&总zǒng计jì前qián后hòu所suǒ奏zòu,&依yī准zhǔn改gǎi驳bó多duō寡guǎ,&通tōng行háng考kǎo核hé。&改gǎi驳bó数shù多duō者zhě听tīng劾hé。&故gù恤xù刑xíng之zhī权quán重zhòng,&而ér责zé亦yì匪fěi轻qīng。&此cǐ中zhōng外wài法fǎ司sī审shěn录lù之zhī大dà较jiào也yě。&凡fán刑xíng部bù问wèn发fā罪zuì囚qiú,&所suǒ司sī通tōng将jiāng所suǒ问wèn囚qiú数shù,&不bú问wèn罪zuì名míng轻qīng重zhòng,&分fèn南nán北běi人rén各gè若ruò干gàn,&送sòng山shān东dōng司sī,&呈chéng堂táng奏zòu闻wén,&谓wèi之zhī岁suì报bào。&每měi月yuè以yǐ见jiàn监jiān罪zuì囚qiú奏zòu闻wén,&谓wèi之zhī月yuè报bào。&其qí做zuò工gōng、&运yùn炭tàn等děng项xiàng,&每měi五wǔ日rì开kāi送sòng工gōng科kē,&填tián写xiě精jīng微wēi册cè,&月yuè终zhōng分fèn六liù科kē轮lún报bào之zhī。&凡fán法fǎ官guān治zhì囚qiú,&皆jiē有yǒu成chéng法fǎ,&提tí人rén勘kān事shì,&必bì赍jī精jīng微wēi批pī文wén。&京jīng外wài官guān五wǔ品pǐn以yǐ上shàng有yǒu犯fàn必bì奏zòu闻wén请qǐng旨zhǐ,&不bú得dé擅shàn勾gōu问wèn罪zuì。&在zài八bā议yì者zhě,&实shí封fēng以yǐ闻wén。&民mín间jiān狱yù讼sòng,&非fēi通tōng政zhèng司sī转zhuǎn达dá于yú部bù,&刑xíng部bù不bú得dé听tīng理lǐ。&诬wū告gào者zhě反fǎn坐zuò,&越yuè诉sù者zhě笞chī,&击jī登dēng闻wén鼓gǔ不bú实shí者zhě杖zhàng。&讦jié告gào问wèn官guān,&必bì核hé实shí乃nǎi逮dǎi问wèn。&至zhì罪zuì囚qiú打dǎ断duàn起qǐ发fā有yǒu定dìng期qī,&刑xíng具jù有yǒu定dìng器qì,&停tíng刑xíng有yǒu定dìng月yuè日rì,&检jiǎn验yàn尸shī伤shāng有yǒu定dìng法fǎ,&恤xù囚qiú有yǒu定dìng规guī,&籍jí没méi亦yì有yǒu定dìng物wù,&惟wéi复fù仇chóu者zhě无wú明míng文wén。&弘hóng治zhì元yuán年nián,&刑xíng部bù尚shàng书shū何hé乔qiáo新xīn言yán:&“&旧jiù制zhì提tí人rén,&所suǒ在zài官guān司sī必bì验yàn精jīng微wēi批pī文wén,&与yǔ符fú号hào相xiàng合hé,&然rán后hòu发fā遣qiǎn。&此cǐ祖zǔ宗zōng杜dù渐jiàn防fáng微wēi深shēn意yì也yě。&近jìn者zhě中zhōng外wài提tí人rén,&止zhǐ凭píng驾jià帖tiē,&既jì不bú用yòng符fú,&真zhēn伪wěi莫mò辨biàn,&奸jiān人rén矫jiǎo命mìng,&何hé以yǐ拒jù之zhī?&请qǐng给gěi批pī文wén如rú故gù。&”&帝dì曰yuē:&“&此cǐ祖zǔ宗zōng旧jiù例lì,&不bú可kě废fèi。&”&命mìng复fù行háng之zhī。&然rán旗qí校xiào提tí人rén,&率lǜ赍jī驾jià帖tiē。&嘉jiā靖jìng元yuán年nián,&锦jǐn衣yī卫wèi千qiān户hù白bái寿shòu等děng赍jī驾jià帖tiē诣yì科kē,&给gěi事shì中zhōng刘liú济jì谓wèi当dāng以yǐ御yù批pī原yuán本běn送sòng科kē,&使shǐ知zhī其qí事shì。&两liǎng人rén相xiàng争zhēng并bìng列liè,&上shàng命mìng检jiǎn成chéng、&弘hóng事shì例lì以yǐ闻wén。&济jì复fù言yán,&自zì天tiān顺shùn时shí例lì即jí如rú此cǐ。&帝dì入rù寿shòu言yán,&责zé济jì以yǐ状zhuàng对duì,&亦yì无wú以yǐ罪zuì也yě。&天tiān启qǐ时shí,&魏wèi忠zhōng贤xián用yòng驾jià帖tiē提tí周zhōu顺shùn昌chāng诸zhū人rén,&竟jìng激jī苏sū州zhōu之zhī变biàn。&两liǎng畿jī决jué囚qiú,&亦yì必bì验yàn精jīng微wēi批pī。&嘉jiā靖jìng二èr十shí一yī年nián,&恤xù刑xíng主zhǔ事shì戴dài楩pián、&吴wú元yuán璧bì、&吕lǚ颙yú等děng行háng急jí失shī与yǔ内nèi号hào相xiàng验yàn,&比bǐ至zhì,&与yǔ原yuán给gěi外wài号hào不bú合hé,&为wéi巡xún按àn御yù史shǐ所suǒ纠jiū,&纳nà赎shú还hái职zhí。&成chéng化huà时shí,&六liù品pǐn以yǐ下xià官guān有yǒu罪zuì,&巡xún按àn御yù史shǐ辄zhé令lìng府fǔ官guān提tí问wèn。&陕shǎn西xī巡xún抚fǔ项xiàng忠zhōng言yán:&“&祖zǔ制zhì,&京jīng外wài五wǔ品pǐn以yǐ上shàng官guān有yǒu犯fàn奏zòu闻wén,&不bú得dé擅shàn勾gōu问wèn。&今jīn巡xún按àn辄zhé提tí问wèn六liù品pǐn官guān,&甚shèn乖guāi律lǜ意yì,&当dāng闻wén于yú朝cháo,&命mìng御yù史shǐ、&按àn察chá司sī提tí问wèn为wéi是shì。&”&乃nǎi下xià部bù议yì,&从cóng之zhī。&凡fán罪zuì在zài八bā议yì者zhě,&实shí封fēng奏zòu闻wén请qǐng旨zhǐ,&惟wéi十shí恶è不bú用yòng此cǐ例lì。&所suǒ属shǔ官guān为wéi上shàng司sī非fēi理lǐ凌líng虐nuè,&亦yì听tīng实shí封fēng径jìng奏zòu。&军jun1官guān犯fàn罪zuì,&都dōu督dū府fǔ请qǐng旨zhǐ。&诸zhū司sī事shì涉shè军jun1官guān及jí呈chéng告gào军jun1官guān不bú法fǎ者zhě,&俱jù密mì以yǐ实shí封fēng奏zòu,&无wú得dé擅shàn勾gōu问wèn。&嘉jiā靖jìng中zhōng,&顺shùn天tiān巡xún按àn御yù史shǐ郑zhèng存cún仁rén檄xí府fǔ县xiàn,&凡fán法fǎ司sī有yǒu所suǒ追zhuī取qǔ,&不bú得dé辄zhé发fā。&尚shàng书shū郑zhèng晓xiǎo考kǎo故gù事shì,&民mín间jiān词cí讼sòng非fēi自zì通tōng政zhèng司sī转zhuǎn达dá,&不bú得dé听tīng。&而ér诸zhū司sī有yǒu应yīng问wèn罪zuì人rén,&必bì送sòng刑xíng部bù,&各gè不bú相xiàng侵qīn。&晓xiǎo乃nǎi言yán:&“&刑xíng部bù追zhuī取qǔ人rén,&府fǔ县xiàn不bú当dāng却què。&存cún仁rén违wéi制zhì,&宜yí罪zuì。&”&存cún仁rén亦yì执zhí自zì下xià而ér上shàng之zhī律lǜ,&论lùn晓xiǎo欺qī罔wǎng。&乃nǎi命mìng在zài外wài者zhě属shǔ有yǒu司sī,&在zài京jīng者zhě属shǔ刑xíng部bù。&然rán自zì晓xiǎo去qù位wèi,&民mín间jiān词cí讼sòng,&五wǔ城chéng御yù史shǐ辄zhé受shòu之zhī,&不bú复fù遵zūn祖zǔ制zhì矣yǐ。&洪hóng武wǔ时shí,&有yǒu告gào谋móu反fǎn者zhě勘kān问wèn不bú实shí,&刑xíng部bù言yán当dāng抵dǐ罪zuì。&帝dì以yǐ问wèn秦qín裕yù伯bó。&对duì曰yuē:&“&元yuán时shí若ruò此cǐ者zhě罪zuì止zhǐ杖zhàng一yī百bǎi,&盖gài以yǐ开kāi来lái告gào之zhī路lù也yě。&”&帝dì曰yuē:&“&奸jiān徒tú不bú抵dǐ,&善shàn人rén被bèi诬wū者zhě多duō矣yǐ。&自zì今jīn告gào谋móu反fǎn不bú实shí者zhě,&抵dǐ罪zuì。&”&学xué正zhèng孙sūn询xún讦jié税shuì使shǐ孙sūn必bì贵guì为wéi胡hú党dǎng,&又yòu讦jié元yuán参cān政zhèng黎lí铭míng常cháng自zì称chēng老lǎo豪háo杰jié,&谤bàng讪shàn朝cháo廷tíng。&帝dì以yǐ告gào讦jié非fēi儒rú者zhě所suǒ为wéi,&置zhì不bú问wèn。&永yǒng乐lè间jiān定dìng制zhì,&诬wū三sān四sì人rén杖zhàng徒tú,&五wǔ六liù人rén流liú三sān千qiān里lǐ,&十shí人rén以yǐ上shàng者zhě凌líng迟chí,&家jiā属shǔ徙xǐ化huà外wài。&洪hóng武wǔ末mò年nián,&小xiǎo民mín多duō越yuè诉sù京jīng师shī,&及jí按àn其qí事shì,&往wǎng往wǎng不bú实shí,&乃nǎi严yán越yuè诉sù之zhī禁jìn。&命mìng老lǎo人rén理lǐ一yī乡xiāng词cí讼sòng,&会huì里lǐ胥xū决jué之zhī,&事shì重zhòng者zhě始shǐ白bái于yú官guān,&然rán卒zú不bú能néng止zhǐ,&越yuè诉sù者zhě日rì多duō。&乃nǎi用yòng重zhòng法fǎ,&戍shù之zhī边biān。&宣xuān德dé时shí,&越yuè诉sù得dé实shí者zhě免miǎn罪zuì,&不bú实shí仍réng戍shù边biān。&景jǐng泰tài中zhōng,&不bú问wèn虚xū实shí,&皆jiē发fā口kǒu外wài充chōng军jun1,&后hòu不bú以yǐ为wéi例lì也yě。&登dēng闻wén鼓gǔ,&洪hóng武wǔ元yuán年nián置zhì于yú午wǔ门mén外wài,&一yī御yù史shǐ日rì监jiān之zhī,&非fēi大dà冤yuān及jí机jī密mì重zhòng情qíng不bú得dé击jī,&击jī即jí引yǐn奏zòu。&后hòu移yí置zhì长zhǎng安ān右yòu门mén外wài,&六liù科kē、&锦jǐn衣yī卫wèi轮lún收shōu以yǐ闻wén。&旨zhǐ下xià,&校xiào尉wèi领lǐng驾jià帖tiē,&送sòng所suǒ司sī问wèn理lǐ,&蒙méng蔽bì阻zǔ遏è者zhě罪zuì。&龙lóng江jiāng卫wèi吏lì有yǒu过guò,&罚fá令lìng书shū写xiě,&值zhí母mǔ丧sàng,&乞qǐ守shǒu制zhì,&吏lì部bù尚shàng书shū詹zhān徽huī不bú听tīng,&击jī鼓gǔ诉sù冤yuān。&太tài祖zǔ切qiē责zé徽huī,&使shǐ吏lì终zhōng丧sàng。&永yǒng乐lè元yuán年nián,&县xiàn令lìng以yǐ赃zāng戍shù,&击jī鼓gǔ陈chén状zhuàng。&帝dì为wéi下xià法fǎ司sī,&其qí人rén言yán实shí受shòu赃zāng,&年nián老lǎo昏hūn眊mèi所suǒ致zhì,&惟wéi上shàng哀āi悯mǐn。&帝dì以yǐ其qí归guī诚chéng,&屈qū法fǎ宥yòu之zhī。&宣xuān德dé时shí,&直zhí登dēng闻wén鼓gǔ给gěi事shì林lín富fù言yán:&“&重zhòng囚qiú二èr十shí七qī人rén,&以yǐ奸jiān盗dào当dāng决jué,&击jī鼓gǔ诉sù冤yuān,&烦fán渎dú不bú可kě宥yòu。&”&帝dì曰yuē:&“&登dēng闻wén鼓gǔ之zhī设shè,&正zhèng以yǐ达dá下xià情qíng,&何hé谓wèi烦fán恼nǎo?&自zì后hòu凡fán击jī鼓gǔ诉sù冤yuān,&阻zǔ遏è者zhě罪zuì。&”&凡fán讦jié告gào原yuán问wèn官guān司sī者zhě,&成chéng化huà间jiān定dìng议yì,&核hé究jiū得dé实shí,&然rán后hòu逮dǎi问wèn。&弘hóng治zhì时shí,&南nán京jīng御yù史shǐ王wáng良liáng臣chén按àn指zhǐ挥huī周zhōu恺kǎi等děng怙hù势shì黜chù货huò,&恺kǎi等děng遂suí讦jié良liáng臣chén。&诏zhào下xià南nán京jīng法fǎ司sī逮dǎi系xì会huì鞫jū。&侍shì郎láng杨yáng守shǒu随suí言yán:&“&此cǐ与yǔ旧jiù章zhāng不bú合hé。&请qǐng自zì今jīn以yǐ后hòu,&官guān吏lì军jun1民mín奏zòu诉sù,&牵qiān缘yuán别bié事shì,&摭zhí拾shí原yuán问wèn官guān者zhě,&立lì案àn不bú行háng。&所suǒ奏zòu事shì仍réng令lìng问wèn结jié,&虚xū诈zhà者zhě拟nǐ罪zuì,&原yuán问wèn官guān枉wǎng断duàn者zhě亦yì罪zuì。&”&乃nǎi下xià其qí议yì于yú三sān法fǎ司sī。&法fǎ司sī覆fù奏zòu如rú所suǒ请qǐng,&从cóng之zhī。&洪hóng武wǔ二èr十shí六liù年nián以yǐ前qián,&刑xíng部bù令lìng主zhǔ事shì厅tīng会huì御yù史shǐ、&五wǔ军jun1断duàn事shì司sī、&大dà理lǐ寺sì、&五wǔ城chéng兵bīng马mǎ指zhǐ挥huī使shǐ官guān,&打dǎ断duàn罪zuì囚qiú。&二èr十shí九jiǔ年nián,&并bìng差chà锦jǐn衣yī卫wèi官guān。&其qí后hòu惟wéi主zhǔ事shì会huì御yù史shǐ,&将jiāng笞chī杖zhàng罪zuì于yú打dǎ断duàn厅tīng决jué讫qì,&附fù卷juàn,&奉fèng旨zhǐ者zhě次cì日rì覆fù命mìng。&万wàn历lì中zhōng,&刑xíng部bù尚shàng书shū孙sūn丕pī扬yáng言yán:&“&折shé狱yù之zhī不bú速sù,&由yóu文wén移yí牵qiān制zhì故gù耳ěr。&议yì断duàn既jì成chéng,&部bù、&寺sì各gè立lì长zhǎng单dān,&刑xíng部bù送sòng审shěn挂guà号hào,&次cì日rì即jí送sòng大dà理lǐ。&大dà理lǐ审shěn允yǔn,&次cì日rì即jí还hái本běn部bù。&参cān差chà者zhě究jiū处chù,&庶shù事shì体tǐ可kě一yī。&至zhì于yú打dǎ断duàn相xiàng验yàn,&令lìng御yù史shǐ三sān、&六liù、&九jiǔ日rì遵zūn例lì会huì同tóng,&余yú日rì止zhǐ会huì寺sì官guān以yǐ速sù遣qiǎn。&徒tú流liú以yǐ上shàng,&部bù、&寺sì详xiáng鞫jū,&笞chī杖zhàng小xiǎo罪zuì,&听tīng堂táng部bù处chù分fèn。&”&命mìng如rú议yì行háng。&凡fán狱yù囚qiú已yǐ审shěn录lù,&应yīng决jué断duàn者zhě限xiàn三sān日rì,&应yīng起qǐ发fā者zhě限xiàn十shí日rì,&逾yú银yín计jì日rì以yǐ笞chī。&囚qiú淹yān滞zhì至zhì死sǐ者zhě罪zuì徒tú,&此cǐ旧jiù例lì也yě。&嘉jiā靖jìng六liù年nián,&给gěi事shì中zhōng周zhōu瑯láng言yán:&“&比bǐ者zhě狱yù吏lì苛kē刻kè,&犯fàn无wú轻qīng重zhòng,&概gài加jiā幽yōu系xì,&案àn无wú新xīn故gù,&动dòng引yǐn岁suì时shí。&意yì喻yù色sè授shòu之zhī间jiān,&论lùn奏zòu未wèi成chéng,&囚qiú骨gǔ已yǐ糜mí。&又yòu况kuàng偏piān州zhōu下xià邑yì,&督dū察chá不bú及jí,&奸jiān吏lì悍hàn卒zú倚yǐ狱yù为wéi市shì,&或huò扼è其qí饮yǐn食shí以yǐ困kùn之zhī,&或huò徙xǐ之zhī秽huì溷hùn以yǐ苦kǔ之zhī,&备bèi诸zhū痛tòng楚chǔ,&十shí不bú一yī生shēng。&臣chén观guān律lǜ令lìng所suǒ载zǎi,&凡fán逮dǎi系xì囚qiú犯fàn,&老lǎo疾jí必bì散sàn收shōu,&轻qīng重zhòng以yǐ类lèi分fèn,&枷jiā杻niǔ荐jiàn席xí必bì以yǐ时shí饬chì,&凉liáng浆jiāng暖nuǎn匣xiá必bì以yǐ时shí备bèi,&无wú家jiā者zhě给gěi之zhī衣yī服fú,&有yǒu疾jí者zhě予yǔ之zhī医yī药yào,&淹yān禁jìn有yǒu科kē,&疏shū决jué有yǒu诏zhào。&此cǐ祖zǔ宗zōng良liáng法fǎ美měi意yì,&宜yí敕chì臣chén下xià同tóng为wéi奉fèng行háng。&凡fán逮dǎi系xì日rì月yuè并bìng已yǐ竟jìng、&未wèi竟jìng、&疾jí病bìng、&死sǐ亡wáng者zhě,&各gè载zǎi文wén册cè,&申shēn报bào长zhǎng吏lì,&较jiào其qí结jié竟jìng之zhī迟chí速sù,&病bìng故gù之zhī多duō寡guǎ,&以yǐ为wéi功gōng罪zuì而ér黜chù陟zhì之zhī。&”&帝dì深shēn然rán其qí言yán,&且qiě命mìng中zhōng外wài有yǒu用yòng法fǎ深shēn刻kè,&致zhì戕qiāng民mín命mìng者zhě,&即jí斥chì为wéi民mín,&虽suī才cái守shǒu可kě观guān,&不bú得dé推tuī荐jiàn。&凡fán内nèi外wài问wèn刑xíng官guān,&惟wéi死sǐ罪zuì并bìng窃qiè盗dào重zhòng犯fàn,&始shǐ用yòng拷kǎo讯xùn,&余yú止zhǐ鞭biān扑pū常cháng刑xíng。&酷kù吏lì辄zhé用yòng挺tǐng棍gùn、&夹jiá棍gùn、&脑nǎo箍gū、&烙lào铁tiě及jí一yī封fēng书shū、&鼠shǔ弹dàn筝zhēng、&拦lán马mǎ棍gùn、&燕yàn儿ér飞fēi,&或huò灌guàn鼻bí、&钉dìng指zhǐ,&用yòng径jìng寸cùn懒lǎn杆gǎn、&不bú去qù棱léng节jiē竹zhú片piàn,&或huò鞭biān脊jǐ背bèi、&两liǎng踝huái致zhì伤shāng以yǐ上shàng者zhě,&俱jù奏zòu请qǐng,&罪zuì至zhì充chōng军jun1。&停tíng刑xíng之zhī月yuè,&自zì立lì春chūn以yǐ后hòu,&至zhì春chūn分fèn以yǐ前qián。&停tíng刑xíng之zhī日rì,&初chū一yī、&初chū八bā、&十shí四sì、&十shí五wǔ、&十shí八bā、&二èr十shí三sān、&二èr十shí四sì、&二èr十shí八bā、&二èr十shí九jiǔ、&三sān十shí,&凡fán十shí日rì。&检jiǎn验yàn尸shī伤shāng,&照zhào磨mó司sī取qǔ部bù印yìn尸shī图tú一yī幅fú,&委wěi五wǔ城chéng兵bīng马mǎ司sī如rú法fǎ检jiǎn验yàn,&府fǔ则zé通tōng判pàn、&推tuī官guān,&州zhōu县xiàn则zé长zhǎng官guān亲qīn检jiǎn,&毋wú得dé委wěi下xià僚liáo。&狱yù囚qiú贫pín不bú自zì给gěi者zhě,&洪hóng武wǔ十shí五wǔ年nián定dìng制zhì,&人rén给gěi米mǐ日rì一yī升shēng。&二èr十shí四sì年nián革gé去qù。&正zhèng统tǒng二èr年nián,&以yǐ侍shì郎láng何hé文wén渊yuān言yán,&诏zhào如rú旧jiù,&且qiě令lìng有yǒu赃zāng罚fá敝bì衣yī得dé分fèn给gěi。&成chéng化huà十shí二èr年nián,&令lìng有yǒu司sī买mǎi药yào饵ěr送sòng部bù,&又yòu广guǎng设shè惠huì民mín药yào局jú,&疗liáo治zhì囚qiú人rén。&至zhì正zhèng德dé十shí四sì年nián,&囚qiú犯fàn煤méi、&油yóu、&药yào料liào,&皆jiē设shè额é银yín定dìng数shù。&嘉jiā靖jìng六liù年nián,&以yǐ运yùn炭tàn等děng有yǒu力lì罪zuì囚qiú,&折shé色sè籴dí米mǐ,&上shàng本běn部bù仓cāng,&每měi年nián约yuē五wǔ百bǎi石shí,&乃nǎi停tíng收shōu。&岁suì冬dōng给gěi绵mián衣yī裤kù各gè一yī事shì,&提tí牢láo主zhǔ事shì验yàn给gěi之zhī。&犯fàn罪zuì籍jí没méi者zhě,&洪hóng武wǔ元yuán年nián定dìng制zhì,&自zì反fǎn叛pàn外wài,&其qí余yú罪zuì犯fàn止zhǐ没méi田tián产chǎn孳zī畜chù。&二èr十shí一yī年nián,&诏zhào谋móu逆nì奸jiān党dǎng及jí造zào伪wěi钞chāo者zhě,&没méi赀zī产chǎn丁dīng口kǒu,&以yǐ农nóng器qì耕gēng牛niú给gěi还hái之zhī。&凡fán应yīng合hé钞chāo劄zhā者zhě,&曰yuē奸jiān党dǎng,&曰yuē谋móu反fǎn大dà逆nì,&曰yuē奸jiān党dǎng恶è,&曰yuē造zào伪wěi钞chāo,&曰yuē杀shā一yī家jiā三sān人rén,&曰yuē采cǎi生shēng拆chāi割gē人rén为wéi首shǒu。&其qí《&大dà诰gào》&所suǒ定dìng十shí条tiáo,&后hòu未wèi尝cháng用yòng也yě。&复fù仇chóu,&惟wéi祖zǔ父fù被bèi殴ōu条tiáo见jiàn之zhī,&曰yuē:&“&祖zǔ父fù母mǔ、&父fù母mǔ为wéi人rén所suǒ杀shā,&而ér子zǐ孙sūn擅shàn杀shā行háng凶xiōng人rén者zhě,&杖zhàng六liù十shí。&其qí即jí时shí杀shā死sǐ者zhě勿wù论lùn。&其qí余yú亲qīn属shǔ人rén等děng被bèi人rén杀shā而ér擅shàn杀shā之zhī者zhě,&杖zhàng一yī百bǎi。&”&按àn律lǜ罪zuì人rén应yīng死sǐ,&已yǐ就jiù拘jū执zhí,&其qí捕bǔ者zhě擅shàn杀shā之zhī,&罪zuì亦yì止zhǐ此cǐ。&则zé所suǒ谓wèi家jiā属shǔ人rén等děng,&自zì包bāo兄xiōng弟dì在zài内nèi,&其qí例lì可kě类lèi推tuī也yě。&凡fán决jué囚qiú,&每měi岁suì朝cháo审shěn毕bì,&法fǎ司sī以yǐ死sǐ罪zuì请qǐng旨zhǐ,&刑xíng科kē三sān覆fù奏zòu,&得dé旨zhǐ行háng刑xíng。&在zài外wài者zhě奏zòu决jué单dān于yú冬dōng至zhì前qián,&会huì审shěn决jué之zhī。&正zhèng统tǒng元yuán年nián,&令lìng重zhòng囚qiú三sān覆fù奏zòu毕bì,&仍réng请qǐng驾jià帖tiē,&付fù锦jǐn衣yī卫wèi监jiān刑xíng官guān,&领lǐng校xiào尉wèi诣yì法fǎ司sī,&取qǔ囚qiú赴fù市shì。&又yòu制zhì,&临lín决jué囚qiú有yǒu诉sù冤yuān者zhě,&直zhí登dēng闻wén鼓gǔ给gěi事shì中zhōng取qǔ状zhuàng封fēng进jìn,&仍réng批pī校xiào尉wèi手shǒu,&驰chí赴fù市shì曹cáo,&暂zàn停tíng刑xíng。&嘉jiā靖jìng元yuán年nián,&给gěi事shì中zhōng刘liú济jì等děng以yǐ囚qiú廖liào鹏péng父fù子zǐ及jí王wáng钦qīn、&陶táo杰jié等děng颇pō有yǒu内nèi援yuán,&惧jù上shàng意yì不bú决jué,&乃nǎi言yán:&“&往wǎng岁suì三sān覆fù奏zòu毕bì,&待dài驾jià帖tiē则zé已yǐ日rì午wǔ,&鼓gǔ下xià仍réng受shòu诉sù词cí,&得dé报bào且qiě及jí未wèi申shēn时shí,&及jí再zài请qǐng始shǐ刑xíng,&时shí已yǐ过guò酉yǒu,&大dà非fēi刑xíng人rén于yú市shì与yǔ众zhòng弃qì之zhī之zhī意yì。&请qǐng自zì今jīn决jué囚qiú,&在zài未wèi前qián毕bì事shì。&”&从cóng之zhī。&七qī年nián定dìng议yì,&重zhòng囚qiú有yǒu冤yuān,&家jiā属shǔ于yú临lín决jué前qián一yī日rì挝wō鼓gǔ,&翼yì日rì午wǔ前qián下xià,&过guò午wǔ行háng刑xíng,&不bú覆fù奏zòu。&南nán京jīng决jué囚qiú,&无wú刑xíng科kē覆fù奏zòu例lì。&弘hóng治zhì十shí八bā年nián,&南nán刑xíng部bù奏zòu决jué不bú待dài时shí者zhě三sān人rén,&大dà理lǐ寺sì已yǐ审shěn允yǔn,&下xià法fǎ司sī议yì,&谓wèi:&“&在zài京jīng重zhòng囚qiú,&间jiān有yǒu决jué不bú待dài时shí者zhě,&审shěn允yǔn奏zòu请qǐng,&至zhì刑xíng科kē三sān覆fù奏zòu,&或huò蒙méng恩ēn仍réng监jiān候hòu会huì审shěn。&南nán京jīng无wú覆fù奏zòu例lì,&乞qǐ俟sì秋qiū后hòu审shěn竟jìng,&类lèi奏zòu定dìng夺duó。&如rú有yǒu巨jù憝duì难nán依yī常cháng例lì者zhě,&更gèng具jù奏zòu处chù决jué,&著zhe为wéi令lìng。&”&诏zhào可kě。&各gè省shěng决jué囚qiú,&永yǒng乐lè元yuán年nián,&定dìng制zhì,&死sǐ囚qiú百bǎi人rén以yǐ上shàng者zhě,&差chà御yù史shǐ审shěn决jué。&弘hóng治zhì十shí三sān年nián,&定dìng岁suì差chà审shěn决jué重zhòng囚qiú官guān,&俱jù以yǐ霜shuāng降jiàng后hòu至zhì,&限xiàn期qī复fù命mìng。&凡fán有yǒu大dà庆qìng及jí灾zāi荒huāng皆jiē赦shè,&然rán有yǒu常cháng赦shè,&有yǒu不bú赦shè,&有yǒu特tè赦shè。&十shí恶è及jí故gù犯fàn者zhě不bú赦shè。&律lǜ文wén曰yuē:&“&赦shè出chū临lín时shí定dìng罪zuì名míng,&特tè免miǎn或huò降jiàng减jiǎn从cóng轻qīng者zhě,&不bú在zài此cǐ限xiàn。&”&十shí恶è中zhōng,&不bú睦mù又yòu在zài会huì赦shè原yuán宥yòu之zhī例lì,&此cǐ则zé不bú赦shè者zhě亦yì得dé原yuán。&若ruò传chuán旨zhǐ肆sì赦shè,&不bú别bié定dìng罪zuì名míng者zhě,&则zé仍réng依yī常cháng赦shè不bú原yuán之zhī律lǜ。&自zì仁rén宗zōng立lì赦shè条tiáo三sān十shí五wǔ,&皆jiē杨yáng士shì奇qí代dài草cǎo,&尽jìn除chú永yǒng乐lè年nián间jiān敝bì政zhèng,&历lì代dài因yīn之zhī。&凡fán先xiān朝cháo不bú便biàn于yú民mín者zhě,&皆jiē援yuán遗yí诏zhào或huò登dēng极jí诏zhào革gé除chú之zhī。&凡fán以yǐ赦shè前qián事shì告gào言yán人rén罪zuì者zhě,&即jí坐zuò以yǐ所suǒ告gào者zhě罪zuì。&弘hóng治zhì元yuán年nián,&民mín吕lǚ梁liáng山shān等děng四sì人rén坐zuò窃qiè盗dào杀shā人rén死sǐ,&遇yù赦shè,&都dōu御yù史shǐ马mǎ文wén升shēng请qǐng宥yòu死sǐ戍shù边biān,&帝dì特tè命mìng依yī律lǜ斩zhǎn之zhī。&世shì宗zōng虽suī屡lǚ停tíng刑xíng,&尤yóu慎shèn无wú赦shè。&廷tíng臣chén屡lǚ援yuán赦shè令lìng,&欲yù宥yòu大dà礼lǐ大dà狱yù暨jì建jiàn言yán诸zhū臣chén,&益yì持chí不bú允yǔn。&及jí嘉jiā靖jìng十shí六liù年nián,&同tóng知zhī姜jiāng辂lù酷kù杀shā平píng民mín,&都dōu御yù史shǐ王wáng廷tíng相xiàng奏zòu当dāng发fā口kǒu外wài,&乃nǎi特tè命mìng如rú诏zhào书shū宥yòu免miǎn,&而ér以yǐ违wéi诏zhào责zé廷tíng相xiàng等děng。&四sì十shí一yī年nián,&三sān殿diàn成chéng,&群qún臣chén请qǐng颁bān赦shè。&帝dì曰yuē:&“&赦shè乃nǎi小xiǎo人rén之zhī幸xìng。&”&不bú允yǔn。&穆mù宗zōng登dēng极jí覃tán恩ēn,&虽suī徒tú流liú人rén犯fàn已yǐ至zhì配pèi所suǒ者zhě,&皆jiē许xǔ放fàng还hái,&盖gài为wéi迁qiān谪zhé诸zhū臣chén地dì也yě。&有yǒu明míng一yī代dài刑xíng法fǎ大dà概gài。&太tài祖zǔ开kāi国guó之zhī初chū,&惩chéng元yuán季jì贪tān冒mào,&重zhòng绳shéng赃zāng吏lì,&揭jiē诸zhū司sī犯fàn法fǎ者zhě于yú申shēn明míng亭tíng以yǐ示shì戒jiè。&又yòu命mìng刑xíng部bù,&凡fán官guān吏lì有yǒu犯fàn,&宥yòu罪zuì复fù职zhí,&书shū过guò榜bǎng其qí门mén,&使shǐ自zì省shěng。&不bú悛quān,&论lùn如rú律lǜ。&累lèi颁bān犯fàn谕yù、&戒jiè谕yù、&榜bǎng谕yù,&悉xī象xiàng以yǐ刑xíng,&诰gào示shì天tiān下xià。&及jí十shí八bā年nián《&大dà诰gào》&成chéng,&序xù之zhī曰yuē:&“&诸zhū司sī敢gǎn不bú急jí公gōng而ér务wù私sī者zhě,&必bì穷qióng搜sōu其qí原yuán而ér罪zuì之zhī。&”&凡fán三sān《&诰gào》&所suǒ列liè凌líng迟chí、&枭xiāo示shì、&种zhǒng诛zhū者zhě,&无wú虑lǜ千qiān百bǎi,&弃qì市shì以yǐ下xià万wàn数shù。&贵guì溪xī儒rú士shì夏xià伯bó启qǐ叔shū侄zhí断duàn指zhǐ不bú仕shì,&苏sū州zhōu人rén才cái姚yáo润rùn、&王wáng谟mó被bèi征zhēng不bú至zhì,&皆jiē诛zhū而ér籍jí其qí家jiā。&“&寰huán中zhōng士shì夫fū不bú为wéi君jun1用yòng”&之zhī科kē所suǒ由yóu设shè也yě。&其qí《&三sān编biān》&稍shāo宽kuān容róng,&然rán所suǒ记jì进jìn士shì监jiān生shēng罪zuì名míng,&自zì一yī犯fàn至zhì四sì犯fàn者zhě犹yóu三sān百bǎi六liù十shí四sì人rén。&幸xìng不bú死sǐ还hái职zhí,&率lǜ戴dài斩zhǎn罪zuì治zhì事shì。&其qí推tuī原yuán中zhōng外wài贪tān墨mò所suǒ起qǐ,&以yǐ六liù曹cáo为wéi罪zuì魁kuí,&郭guō桓huán为wéi诛zhū首shǒu。&郭guō桓huán者zhě,&户hù部bù侍shì郎láng也yě。&帝dì疑yí北běi平píng二èr司sī官guān吏lì李lǐ彧yù、&赵zhào全quán德dé等děng与yǔ桓huán为wéi奸jiān利lì,&自zì六liù部bù左zuǒ右yòu侍shì郎láng下xià皆jiē死sǐ,&赃zāng七qī百bǎi万wàn,&词cí连lián直zhí省shěng诸zhū官guān吏lì,&系xì死sǐ者zhě数shù万wàn人rén。&核hé赃zāng所suǒ寄jì借jiè遍biàn天tiān下xià,&民mín中zhōng人rén之zhī家jiā大dà抵dǐ皆jiē破pò。&时shí咸xián归guī谤bàng御yù史shǐ余yú敏mǐn、&丁dīng廷tíng举jǔ。&或huò以yǐ为wéi言yán,&帝dì乃nǎi手shǒu诏zhào列liè桓huán等děng罪zuì,&而ér论lùn右yòu审shěn刑xíng吴wú庸yōng等děng极jí刑xíng,&以yǐ厌yàn天tiān下xià心xīn,&言yán:&“&朕zhèn诏zhào有yǒu司sī除chú奸jiān,&顾gù复fù生shēng奸jiān扰rǎo吾wú民mín,&今jīn后hòu有yǒu如rú此cǐ者zhě,&遇yù赦shè不bú宥yòu。&”&先xiān是shì,&十shí五wǔ年nián空kōng印yìn事shì发fā。&每měi岁suì布bù政zhèng司sī、&府fǔ州zhōu县xiàn吏lì诣yì户hù部bù核hé钱qián粮liáng、&军jun1需xū诸zhū事shì,&以yǐ道dào远yuǎn,&预yù持chí空kōng印yìn文wén书shū,&遇yù部bù驳bó即jí改gǎi,&以yǐ为wéi常cháng。&及jí是shì,&帝dì疑yí有yǒu奸jiān,&大dà怒nù,&论lùn诸zhū长zhǎng吏lì死sǐ,&佐zuǒ贰èr榜bǎng百bǎi戍shù边biān。&宁níng海hǎi人rén郑zhèng士shì利lì上shàng书shū讼sòng其qí冤yuān,&复fù杖zhàng戍shù之zhī。&二èr狱yù所suǒ诛zhū杀shā已yǐ过guò当dāng。&而ér胡hú惟wéi庸yōng、&蓝lán玉yù两liǎng狱yù,&株zhū连lián死sǐ者zhě且qiě四sì万wàn。&然rán时shí引yǐn大dà体tǐ,&有yǒu所suǒ纵zòng舍shě。&沅yuán陵líng知zhī县xiàn张zhāng杰jié当dāng输shū作zuò,&自zì陈chén母mǔ贺hè,&当dāng元yuán季jì乱luàn离lí守shǒu节jiē,&今jīn年nián老lǎo失shī养yǎng。&帝dì谓wèi可kě励lì俗sú,&特tè赦shè之zhī,&秩zhì杰jié,&令lìng终zhōng养yǎng。&给gěi事shì中zhōng彭péng与yǔ民mín坐zuò系xì,&其qí父fù为wéi上shàng表biǎo诉sù哀āi。&立lì释shì之zhī,&且qiě免miǎn同tóng系xì十shí七qī人rén。&有yǒu死sǐ囚qiú妻qī妾qiè诉sù夫fū冤yuān,&法fǎ司sī请qǐng黥qíng之zhī。&帝dì以yǐ妇fù为wéi夫fū诉sù,&职zhí也yě,&不bú罪zuì。&都dōu察chá院yuàn当dāng囚qiú死sǐ者zhě二èr十shí四sì人rén,&命mìng群qún臣chén鞫jū,&有yǒu冤yuān者zhě,&减jiǎn数shù人rén死sǐ。&真zhēn州zhōu民mín十shí八bā人rén谋móu不bú轨guǐ,&戮lù之zhī,&而ér释shì其qí母mǔ子zǐ当dāng连lián坐zuò者zhě。&所suǒ用yòng深shēn文wén吏lì开kāi济jì、&詹zhān徽huī、&陈chén宁níng、&陶táo凯kǎi辈bèi,&后hòu率lǜ以yǐ罪zuì诛zhū之zhī。&亦yì数shù宣xuān仁rén言yán,&不bú欲yù纯chún任rèn刑xíng罚fá。&尝cháng行háng郊jiāo坛tán,&皇huáng太tài子zǐ从cóng,&指zhǐ道dào旁páng荆jīng楚chǔ曰yuē:&“&古gǔ用yòng此cǐ为wéi扑pū刑xíng,&取qǔ能néng去qù风fēng,&虽suī寒hán不bú伤shāng也yě。&”&尚shàng书shū开kāi济jì议yì法fǎ密mì,&谕yù之zhī曰yuē:&“&竭jié泽zé而ér渔yú,&害hài及jí鲲kūn鲕ér,&焚fén林lín而ér田tián,&祸huò及jí麛mí鷇kòu。&法fǎ太tài巧qiǎo密mì,&民mín何hé以yǐ自zì全quán?&”&济jì惭cán谢xiè。&参cān政zhèng杨yáng宪xiàn欲yù重zhòng法fǎ,&帝dì曰yuē:&“&求qiú生shēng于yú重zhòng典diǎn,&犹yóu索suǒ鱼yú于yú釜fǔ,&得dé活huó难nán矣yǐ。&”&御yù史shǐ中zhōng丞chéng陈chén宁níng曰yuē:&“&法fǎ重zhòng则zé人rén不bú轻qīng犯fàn,&吏lì察chá则zé下xià无wú遁dùn情qíng。&”&太tài祖zǔ曰yuē:&“&不bú然rán。&古gǔ人rén制zhì刑xíng以yǐ防fáng恶è卫wèi善shàn,&故gù唐táng、&虞yú画huà衣yī冠guàn、&异yì章zhāng服fú以yǐ为wéi戮lù,&而ér民mín不bú犯fàn。&秦qín有yǒu凿záo颠diān抽chōu胁xié之zhī刑xíng、&参cān夷yí之zhī诛zhū,&而ér囹líng圄yǔ成chéng市shì,&天tiān下xià怨yuàn叛pàn。&未wèi闻wén用yòng商shāng、&韩hán之zhī法fǎ,&可kě致zhì尧yáo、&舜shùn之zhī治zhì也yě。&”&宁níng惭cán而ér退tuì。&又yòu尝cháng谓wèi尚shàng书shū刘liú惟wéi谦qiān曰yuē:&“&仁rén义yì者zhě,&养yǎng民mín之zhī膏gāo粱liáng也yě刑xíng罚fá者zhě,&惩chéng恶è之zhī药yào石shí也yě。&舍shě仁rén义yì而ér专zhuān用yòng刑xíng罚fá,&是shì以yǐ药yào石shí养yǎng人rén,&岂qǐ得dé谓wèi善shàn治zhì乎hū?&”&盖gài太tài祖zǔ用yòng重zhòng典diǎn以yǐ惩chéng一yī时shí,&而ér酌zhuó中zhōng制zhì以yǐ垂chuí后hòu世shì,&故gù猛měng烈liè之zhī治zhì,&宽kuān仁rén之zhī诏zhào,&相xiàng辅fǔ而ér行háng,&未wèi尝cháng偏piān废fèi也yě。&建jiàn文wén帝dì继jì体tǐ守shǒu文wén,&专zhuān欲yù以yǐ仁rén义yì化huà民mín。&元yuán年nián刑xíng部bù报bào囚qiú,&减jiǎn太tài祖zǔ时shí十shí三sān矣yǐ。&成chéng祖zǔ起qǐ靖jìng难nán之zhī师shī,&悉xī指zhǐ忠zhōng臣chén为wéi奸jiān党dǎng,&甚shèn者zhě加jiā族zú诛zhū、&掘jué冢zhǒng,&妻qī女nǚ发fā浣huàn衣yī局jú、&教jiāo坊fāng司sī,&亲qīn党dǎng谪zhé戍shù者zhě至zhì隆lóng、&万wàn间jiān犹yóu勾gōu伍wǔ不bú绝jué也yě。&抗kàng违wéi者zhě既jì尽jìn杀shā戮lù,&惧jù人rén窃qiè议yì之zhī,&疾jí诽fěi谤bàng特tè甚shèn。&山shān阳yáng民mín丁dīng钰yù讦jié其qí乡xiāng诽fěi谤bàng,&罪zuì数shù十shí人rén。&法fǎ司sī迎yíng上shàng旨zhǐ,&言yán钰yù才cái可kě用yòng,&立lì命mìng为wéi刑xíng科kē给gěi事shì中zhōng。&永yǒng乐lè十shí七qī年nián,&复fù申shēn其qí禁jìn。&而ér陈chén瑛yīng、&吕lǚ震zhèn、&纪jì纲gāng辈bèi先xiān后hòu用yòng事shì,&专zhuān以yǐ刻kè深shēn固gù宠chǒng。&于yú是shì萧xiāo议yì、&周zhōu新xīn、&解jiě缙jìn等děng多duō无wú罪zuì死sǐ。&然rán帝dì心xīn知zhī苛kē法fǎ之zhī非fēi,&间jiān示shì宽kuān大dà。&千qiān户hù某mǒu灌guàn桐tóng油yóu皮pí鞭biān中zhōng以yǐ决jué人rén,&刑xíng部bù当dāng以yǐ杖zhàng,&命mìng并bìng罢bà其qí职zhí。&法fǎ司sī奏zòu冒mào支zhī官guān粮liáng者zhě,&命mìng即jí戮lù之zhī,&刑xíng部bù为wéi覆fù奏zòu。&帝dì曰yuē:&“&此cǐ朕zhèn一yī时shí之zhī怒nù,&过guò矣yǐ,&其qí依yī律lǜ。&自zì今jīn犯fàn罪zuì皆jiē五wǔ覆fù奏zòu。&”&至zhì仁rén宗zōng性xìng甚shèn仁rén恕shù,&甫fǔ即jí位wèi,&谓wèi金jīn纯chún、&刘liú观guān曰yuē:&“&卿qīng等děng皆jiē国guó大dà臣chén,&如rú朕zhèn处chù法fǎ失shī中zhōng,&须xū更gèng执zhí奏zòu,&朕zhèn不bú难nán从cóng善shàn也yě。&”&因yīn召zhào学xué士shì杨yáng士shì奇qí、&杨yáng荣róng、&金jīn幼yòu孜zī至zhì榻tà前qián,&谕yù曰yuē:&“&比bǐ年nián法fǎ司sī之zhī滥làn,&朕zhèn岂qǐ不bú知zhī。&其qí所suǒ拟nǐ大dà逆nì不bú道dào,&往wǎng往wǎng出chū于yú文wén致zhì,&先xiān帝dì数shù切qiē戒jiè之zhī。&故gù死sǐ刑xíng必bì四sì五wǔ覆fù奏zòu,&而ér法fǎ司sī略luè不bú加jiā意yì,&甘gān为wéi酷kù吏lì而ér不bú愧kuì。&自zì今jīn审shěn重zhòng囚qiú,&卿qīng三sān人rén必bì往wǎng同tóng谳yàn,&有yǒu冤yuān抑yì者zhě,&虽suī细xì故gù必bì以yǐ闻wén。&”&洪hóng熙xī改gǎi元yuán,&二èr月yuè谕yù都dōu御yù史shǐ刘liú观guān、&大dà理lǐ卿qīng虞yú谦qiān曰yuē:&“&往wǎng者zhě法fǎ司sī以yǐ诬wū陷xiàn为wéi功gōng,&人rén或huò片piàn言yán及jí国guó事shì,&辄zhé论lùn诽fěi谤bàng,&身shēn家jiā破pò灭miè,&莫mò复fù辨biàn理lǐ。&今jīn数shù月yuè间jiān,&此cǐ风fēng又yòu萌méng。&夫fū治zhì道dào所suǒ急jí者zhě求qiú言yán,&所suǒ患huàn者zhě以yǐ言yán为wéi讳huì,&奈nài何hé禁jìn诽fěi谤bàng哉zāi?&”&因yīn顾gù士shì奇qí等děng曰yuē:&“&此cǐ事shì必bì以yǐ诏zhào书shū行háng之zhī。&”&于yú是shì士shì奇qí承chéng旨zhǐ,&载zǎi帝dì言yán于yú己jǐ丑chǒu诏zhào书shū云yún:&“&若ruò朕zhèn一yī时shí过guò于yú嫉jí恶è,&律lǜ外wài用yòng籍jí没méi及jí凌líng迟chí之zhī刑xíng者zhě,&法fǎ司sī再zài三sān执zhí奏zòu,&三sān奏zòu不bú允yǔn至zhì五wǔ,&五wǔ奏zòu不bú允yǔn,&同tóng三sān公gōng及jí大dà臣chén执zhí奏zòu,&必bì允yǔn乃nǎi已yǐ,&永yǒng为wéi定dìng制zhì。&文wén武wǔ诸zhū司sī亦yì毋wú得dé暴bào酷kù用yòng鞭biān背bèi等děng刑xíng,&及jí擅shàn用yòng宫gōng刑xíng绝jué人rén嗣sì续xù。&有yǒu自zì宫gōng者zhě以yǐ不bú孝xiào论lùn。&除chú谋móu反fǎn及jí大dà逆nì者zhě,&余yú犯fàn止zhǐ坐zuò本běn身shēn,&毋wú一yī切qiē用yòng连lián坐zuò法fǎ。&告gào诽fěi谤bàng者zhě勿wù治zhì。&”&在zài位wèi未wèi一yī年nián,&仁rén恩ēn该gāi洽qià矣yǐ。&宣xuān宗zōng承chéng之zhī,&益yì多duō惠huì政zhèng。&宣xuān德dé元yuán年nián,&大dà理lǐ寺sì驳bó正zhèng猗yī氏shì民mín妻qī王wáng骨gǔ都dōu杀shā夫fū之zhī冤yuān,&帝dì切qiē责zé刑xíng官guān,&尚shàng书shū金jīn纯chún等děng谢xiè罪zuì,&乃nǎi已yǐ。&义yì勇yǒng军jun1士shì阎yán群qún儿ér等děng九jiǔ人rén被bèi诬wū为wéi盗dào,&当dāng斩zhǎn,&家jiā人rén击jī登dēng闻wén鼓gǔ诉sù冤yuān。&覆fù按àn实shí不bú为wéi盗dào。&命mìng释shì群qún儿ér等děng,&而ér切qiē责zé都dōu御yù史shǐ刘liú观guān。&其qí后hòu每měi遇yù奏zòu囚qiú,&色sè惨cǎn然rán,&御yù膳shàn为wéi废fèi。&或huò以yǐ手shǒu撤chè其qí牍dú,&谓wèi左zuǒ右yòu曰yuē:&“&说shuō与yǔ刑xíng官guān少shǎo缓huǎn之zhī。&”&一yī日rì,&御yù文wén华huá殿diàn与yǔ群qún臣chén论lùn古gǔ肉ròu刑xíng,&侍shì臣chén对duì:&“&汉hàn除chú肉ròu刑xíng,&人rén遂suí轻qīng犯fàn法fǎ。&”&帝dì曰yuē:&“&此cǐ自zì由yóu教jiāo化huà,&岂qǐ关guān肉ròu刑xíng之zhī有yǒu无wú。&舜shùn法fǎ有yǒu流liú宥yòu金jīn赎shú,&而ér四sì凶xiōng之zhī罪zuì止zhǐ于yú窜cuàn殛jí。&可kě见jiàn当dāng时shí被bèi肉ròu刑xíng者zhě,&必bì皆jiē重zhòng罪zuì,&不bú滥làn及jí也yě。&况kuàng汉hàn承chéng秦qín敝bì,&挟jiā书shū有yǒu律lǜ,&若ruò概gài用yòng肉ròu刑xíng,&受shòu伤shāng者zhě必bì多duō矣yǐ。&”&明míng年nián,&著zhe《&帝dì训xùn》&五wǔ十shí五wǔ篇piān,&其qí一yī恤xù刑xíng也yě。&武wǔ进jìn伯bó朱zhū冕miǎn言yán:&“&比bǐ遣qiǎn舍shě人rén林lín宽kuān等děng送sòng囚qiú百bǎi十shí七qī人rén戍shù边biān,&到dào者zhě仅jǐn五wǔ十shí人rén,&余yú皆jiē道dào死sǐ。&”&帝dì怒nù,&命mìng法fǎ司sī穷qióng治zhì之zhī。&帝dì宽kuān诏zhào岁suì下xià,&阅yuè囚qiú屡lǚ决jué遣qiǎn,&有yǒu至zhì三sān千qiān人rén者zhě。&谕yù刑xíng官guān曰yuē:&“&吾wú虑lǜ其qí瘐yǔ死sǐ,&故gù宽kuān贷dài之zhī,&非fēi常cháng制zhì也yě。&”&是shì时shí,&官guān吏lì纳nà米mǐ百bǎi石shí若ruò五wǔ十shí石shí,&得dé赎shú杂zá犯fàn死sǐ罪zuì,&军jun1民mín减jiǎn十shí之zhī二èr。&诸zhū边biān卫wèi十shí二èr石shí,&辽liáo东dōng二èr十shí石shí,&于yú例lì为wéi太tài轻qīng,&然rán独dú严yán赃zāng吏lì之zhī罚fá。&命mìng文wén职zhí犯fàn赃zāng者zhě俱jù依yī律lǜ科kē断duàn。&由yóu是shì用yòng法fǎ轻qīng,&而ér贪tān墨mò之zhī风fēng亦yì不bú甚shèn恣zì,&然rán明míng制zhì重zhòng朋péng比bǐ之zhī诛zhū。&都dōu御yù史shǐ夏xià迪dí催cuī粮liáng常cháng州zhōu,&御yù史shǐ何hé楚chǔ英yīng诬wū以yǐ受shòu金jīn。&诸zhū司sī惧jù罪zuì,&明míng知zhī其qí冤yuān,&不bú敢gǎn白bái,&迪dí竟jìng充chōng驿yì夫fū愤fèn死sǐ。&以yǐ帝dì之zhī宽kuān仁rén,&而ér大dà臣chén有yǒu冤yuān死sǐ者zhě,&此cǐ立lì法fǎ之zhī弊bì也yě。&英yīng宗zōng以yǐ后hòu,&仁rén、&宣xuān之zhī政zhèng衰shuāi。&正zhèng统tǒng初chū,&三sān杨yáng当dāng国guó,&犹yóu恪kè守shǒu祖zǔ法fǎ,&禁jìn内nèi外wài诸zhū司sī锻duàn炼liàn刑xíng狱yù。&刑xíng部bù尚shàng书shū魏wèi源yuán以yǐ灾zāi旱hàn上shàng疑yí狱yù,&请qǐng命mìng各gè巡xún抚fǔ审shěn录lù。&从cóng之zhī。&无wú巡xún抚fǔ者zhě命mìng巡xún按àn。&清qīng军jun1御yù史shǐ、&行háng在zài都dōu察chá院yuàn亦yì以yǐ疑yí狱yù上shàng,&通tōng审shěn录lù之zhī。&御yù史shǐ陈chén祚zuò言yán:&“&法fǎ司sī论lùn狱yù,&多duō违wéi定dìng律lǜ,&专zhuān务wù刻kè深shēn。&如rú户hù部bù侍shì郎láng吴wú玺xǐ举jǔ淫yín行háng主zhǔ事shì吴wú軏yuè,&宜yí坐zuò贡gòng举jǔ非fēi其qí人rén罪zuì,&乃nǎi加jiā以yǐ奏zòu事shì有yǒu规guī避bì律lǜ斩zhǎn。&及jí軏yuè自zì经jīng死sǐ,&狱yù官guān卒zú之zhī罪zuì,&明míng有yǒu递dì减jiǎn科kē,&乃nǎi援yuán不bú应yīng为wéi事shì理lǐ重zhòng者zhě,&概gài杖zhàng之zhī。&夫fū原yuán情qíng以yǐ定dìng律lǜ,&祖zǔ宗zōng防fáng范fàn至zhì周zhōu,&而ér法fǎ司sī乃nǎi抑yì轻qīng从cóng重zhòng至zhì此cǐ,&非fēi所suǒ以yǐ广guǎng圣shèng朝cháo之zhī仁rén厚hòu也yě。&今jīn后hòu有yǒu妄wàng援yuán重zhòng律lǜ者zhě,&请qǐng以yǐ变biàn乱luàn成chéng法fǎ罪zuì之zhī。&”&帝dì是shì其qí言yán,&为wéi申shēn警jǐng戒jiè。&至zhì六liù年nián,&王wáng振zhèn始shǐ乱luàn政zhèng,&数shù辱rǔ廷tíng臣chén,&刑xíng章zhāng大dà紊wěn。&侍shì讲jiǎng刘liú球qiú条tiáo上shàng十shí事shì,&中zhōng言yán:&“&天tiān降jiàng灾zāi谴qiǎn,&多duō感gǎn于yú刑xíng罚fá之zhī不bú中zhōng。&宜yí一yī任rèn法fǎ司sī,&视shì其qí徇xùn私sī不bú当dāng者zhě而ér加jiā以yǐ罪zuì。&虽suī有yǒu触chù忤wǔ,&如rú汉hàn犯fàn跸bì盗dào环huán之zhī事shì,&犹yóu当dāng听tīng张zhāng释shì之zhī之zhī执zhí奏zòu而ér从cóng之zhī。&”&帝dì不bú能néng用yòng。&而ér球qiú即jí以yǐ是shì疏shū触chù振zhèn怒nù,&死sǐ于yú狱yù。&然rán诸zhū酷kù虐nuè事shì,&大dà率lǜ振zhèn为wéi之zhī,&帝dì心xīn颇pō宽kuān平píng。&十shí一yī年nián,&大dà理lǐ卿qīng俞yú士shì悦yuè以yǐ殴ōu斗dòu杀shā人rén之zhī类lèi百bǎi余yú人rén闻wén,&请qǐng宥yòu,&俱jù减jiǎn死sǐ戍shù边biān。&景jǐng泰tài中zhōng,&阳yáng谷gǔ主zhǔ簿bù马mǎ彦yàn斌bīn当dāng斩zhǎn,&其qí子zǐ震zhèn请qǐng代dài死sǐ。&特tè宥yòu彦yàn斌bīn,&编biān震zhèn充chōng边biān卫wèi军jun1。&大dà理lǐ少shǎo卿qīng薛xuē瑄xuān曰yuē:&“&法fǎ司sī发fā拟nǐ罪zuì囚qiú,&多duō加jiā参cān语yǔ奏zòu请qǐng,&变biàn乱luàn律lǜ意yì。&”&诏zhào法fǎ官guān问wèn狱yù,&一yī依yī律lǜ令lìng,&不bú许xǔ妄wàng加jiā参cān语yǔ。&六liù年nián,&以yǐ灾zāi异yì审shěn录lù中zhōng外wài刑xíng狱yù,&全quán活huó者zhě甚shèn众zhòng。&天tiān顺shùn中zhōng,&诏zhào狱yù繁fán兴xìng,&三sān法fǎ司sī、&锦jǐn衣yī狱yù多duō系xì囚qiú未wèi决jué,&吏lì往wǎng往wǎng泄xiè狱yù情qíng为wéi奸jiān。&都dōu御yù史shǐ萧xiāo维wéi桢zhēn附fù会huì徐xú有yǒu贞zhēn,&枉wǎng杀shā王wáng文wén、&于yú谦qiān等děng。&而ér刑xíng部bù侍shì郎láng刘liú广guǎng衡héng即jí以yǐ诈zhà撰zhuàn制zhì文wén,&坐zuò有yǒu贞zhēn斩zhǎn罪zuì。&其qí后hòu缇tí骑qí四sì出chū,&海hǎi内nèi不bú安ān。&然rán霜shuāng降jiàng后hòu审shěn录lù重zhòng囚qiú,&实shí自zì天tiān顺shùn间jiān始shǐ。&至zhì成chéng化huà初chū,&刑xíng部bù尚shàng书shū陆lù瑜yú等děng以yǐ请qǐng,&命mìng举jǔ行háng之zhī。&狱yù上shàng,&杖zhàng其qí情qíng可kě矜jīn疑yí者zhě,&免miǎn死sǐ发fā戍shù。&列liè代dài奉fèng行háng,&人rén获huò沾zhān法fǎ外wài恩ēn矣yǐ。&宪xiàn宗zōng之zhī即jí位wèi也yě,&敕chì三sān法fǎ司sī:&“&中zhōng外wài文wén武wǔ群qún臣chén除chú赃zāng罪zuì外wài,&所suǒ犯fàn罪zuì名míng纪jì录lù在zài官guān者zhě,&悉xī与yǔ湔jiān涤dí。&”&其qí后hòu岁suì以yǐ为wéi常cháng。&十shí年nián,&当dāng决jué囚qiú,&冬dōng至zhì节jiē近jìn,&特tè命mìng过guò节jiē行háng刑xíng。&既jì而ér给gěi事shì中zhōng言yán,&冬dōng至zhì后hòu行háng刑xíng非fēi时shí,&遂suí诏zhào俟sì来lái年nián冬dōng月yuè。&山shān西xī巡xún抚fǔ何hé乔qiáo新xīn劾hé奏zòu迟chí延yán狱yù词cí佥qiān事shì尚shàng敬jìng、&刘liú源yuán,&因yīn言yán:&“&凡fán二èr司sī不bú决jué断duàn词cí讼sòng者zhě,&半bàn年nián之zhī上shàng,&悉xī宜yí奏zòu请qǐng执zhí问wèn。&”&帝dì曰yuē:&“&刑xíng狱yù重zhòng事shì,&《&周zhōu书shū》&曰yuē:&‘&要yào囚qiú,&服fú念niàn五wǔ六liù日rì至zhì于yú旬xún时shí’&,&特tè为wéi未wèi得dé其qí情qíng者zhě言yán耳ěr。&苟gǒu得dé其qí情qíng,&即jí宜yí决jué断duàn。&无wú罪zuì拘jū幽yōu,&往wǎng往wǎng瘐yǔ死sǐ,&是shì刑xíng官guān杀shā之zhī也yě。&故gù律lǜ特tè著zhe淹yān禁jìn罪zuì囚qiú之zhī条tiáo,&其qí即jí以yǐ乔qiáo新xīn所suǒ奏zòu,&通tōng行háng天tiān下xià。&”&又yòu定dìng制zhì,&凡fán盗dào贼zéi赃zāng仗zhàng未wèi真zhēn、&人rén命mìng死sǐ伤shāng未wèi经jīng勘kān验yàn、&辄zhé加jiā重zhòng刑xíng致zhì死sǐ狱yù中zhōng者zhě,&审shěn勘kān有yǒu无wú故gù失shī明míng白bái,&不bú分fèn军jun1民mín职zhí官guān,&俱jù视shì酷kù刑xíng事shì例lì为wéi民mín。&侍shì郎láng杨yáng宣xuān妻qī悍hàn妒dù,&杀shā婢bì十shí余yú人rén,&部bù拟nǐ命mìng妇fù合hé坐zuò者zhě律lǜ,&特tè命mìng决jué杖zhàng五wǔ十shí。&时shí帝dì多duō裨bì政zhèng,&而ér于yú刑xíng狱yù尤yóu慎shèn之zhī,&所suǒ失shī惟wéi一yī二èr事shì。&尝cháng欲yù杀shā一yī囚qiú,&不bú许xǔ覆fù奏zòu。&御yù史shǐ方fāng佑yòu复fù以yǐ请qǐng,&帝dì怒nù,&杖zhàng谪zhé佑yòu。&吉jí安ān知zhī府fǔ许xǔ总zǒng有yǒu罪zuì,&中zhōng官guān黄huáng高gāo嗾sǒu法fǎ司sī论lùn斩zhǎn。&给gěi事shì中zhōng白bái昂áng以yǐ未wèi经jīng审shěn录lù为wéi请qǐng,&不bú听tīng,&竟jìng乘chéng夜yè斩zhǎn之zhī。&孝xiào宗zōng初chū立lì,&免miǎn应yīng决jué死sǐ罪zuì四sì十shí八bā人rén。&元yuán年nián,&知zhī州zhōu刘liú概gài坐zuò妖yāo言yán罪zuì斩zhǎn,&以yǐ王wáng恕shù争zhēng,&得dé长zhǎng系xì。&末mò年nián,&刑xíng部bù尚shàng书shū闵mǐn珪guī谳yàn重zhòng狱yù,&忤wǔ旨zhǐ,&久jiǔ不bú下xià。&帝dì与yǔ刘liú大dà夏xià语yǔ及jí之zhī,&对duì曰yuē:&“&人rén臣chén执zhí法fǎ效xiào忠zhōng,&珪guī所suǒ为wéi无wú足zú异yì。&”&帝dì曰yuē:&“&且qiě道dào自zì古gǔ君jun1臣chén曾céng有yǒu此cǐ事shì否fǒu?&”&对duì曰yuē:&“&臣chén幼yòu读dú《&孟mèng子zǐ》&,&见jiàn瞽gǔ瞍sǒu杀shā人rén,&皋gāo陶táo执zhí之zhī语yǔ。&珪guī所suǒ执zhí,&未wèi可kě深shēn责zé也yě。&”&帝dì颔hàn之zhī。&明míng日rì疏shū下xià,&遂suí如rú拟nǐ。&前qián后hòu所suǒ任rèn司sī寇kòu何hé乔qiáo新xīn、&彭péng韶sháo、&白bái昂áng、&闵mǐn珪guī皆jiē持chí法fǎ平píng者zhě,&海hǎi内nèi翕xī然rán颂sòng仁rén德dé焉yān。&正zhèng德dé五wǔ年nián会huì审shěn重zhòng囚qiú,&减jiǎn死sǐ者zhě二èr人rén。&时shí冤yuān滥làn满mǎn狱yù,&李lǐ东dōng阳yáng等děng因yīn风fēng霾mái以yǐ为wéi言yán,&特tè许xǔ宽kuān恤xù。&而ér刑xíng官guān惧jù触chù刘liú瑾jǐn怒nù,&所suǒ上shàng止zhǐ此cǐ。&后hòu磔zhé流liú贼zéi赵zhào鐩suì等děng于yú市shì,&剥bāo为wéi魁kuí者zhě六liù人rén皮pí。&法fǎ司sī奏zòu祖zǔ训xùn有yǒu禁jìn,&不bú听tīng。&寻xún以yǐ皮pí制zhì鞍ān镫dèng,&帝dì每měi骑qí乘chéng之zhī。&而ér廷tíng杖zhàng直zhí言yán之zhī臣chén,&亦yì武wǔ宗zōng为wéi甚shèn。&世shì宗zōng即jí位wèi七qī月yuè,&因yīn日rì精jīng门mén灾zāi,&疏shū理lǐ冤yuān抑yì,&命mìng再zài问wèn缓huǎn死sǐ者zhě三sān十shí八bā人rén,&而ér廖liào鹏péng、&王wáng瓛yè、&齐qí佐zuǒ等děng与yǔ焉yān。&给gěi事shì中zhōng李lǐ复fù礼lǐ等děng言yán:&“&鹏péng等děng皆jiē江jiāng彬bīn、&钱qián宁níng之zhī党dǎng。&王wáng法fǎ所suǒ必bì诛zhū。&”&乃nǎi令lìng禁jìn之zhī如rú故gù。&后hòu皆jiē次cì第dì伏fú法fǎ。&自zì杖zhàng诸zhū争zhēng大dà礼lǐ者zhě,&遂suí痛tòng折shé廷tíng臣chén。&六liù年nián,&命mìng张zhāng璁cōng、&桂guì萼è、&方fāng献xiàn夫fū摄shè三sān法fǎ司sī,&变biàn李lǐ福fú达dá之zhī狱yù,&欲yù坐zuò马mǎ录lù以yǐ奸jiān党dǎng律lǜ。&杨yáng一yī清qīng力lì争zhēng,&乃nǎi戍shù录lù,&而ér坐zuò罪zuì者zhě四sì十shí余yú人rén。&璁cōng等děng以yǐ为wéi己jǐ功gōng,&遂suí请qǐng帝dì编biān《&钦qīn明míng大dà狱yù录lù》&颁bān示shì天tiān下xià。&是shì狱yù所suǒ坐zuò,&大dà抵dǐ璁cōng三sān人rén夙sù嫌xián者zhě。&以yǐ祖zǔ宗zōng之zhī法fǎ,&供gòng权quán臣chén排pái陷xiàn,&而ér帝dì不bú悟wù也yě。&八bā年nián,&京jīng师shī民mín张zhāng福fú杀shā母mǔ,&诉sù为wéi张zhāng柱zhù所suǒ杀shā,&刑xíng部bù郎láng中zhōng魏wèi应yīng召zhào覆fù治zhì得dé实shí。&而ér帝dì以yǐ柱zhù乃nǎi武wǔ宗zōng后hòu家jiā仆pú,&有yǒu意yì曲qǔ杀shā之zhī,&命mìng侍shì郎láng许xǔ讃zàn尽jìn反fǎn谳yàn词cí,&而ér下xià都dōu御yù史shǐ熊xióng浃jiā及jí应yīng召zhào于yú狱yù。&其qí后hòu,&猜cāi忌jì日rì甚shèn,&冤yuān滥làn者zhě多duō,&虽suī间jiān命mìng宽kuān恤xù,&而ér意yì主zhǔ苛kē刻kè。&尝cháng谕yù辅fǔ臣chén:&“&近jìn连lián岁suì因yīn灾zāi异yì免miǎn刑xíng,&今jīn复fù当dāng刑xíng科kē三sān覆fù请qǐng旨zhǐ。&朕zhèn思sī死sǐ刑xíng重zhòng事shì,&欲yù将jiāng盗dào陵líng殿diàn等děng物wù及jí殴ōu骂mà父fù母mǔ大dà伤shāng伦lún理lǐ者zhě取qǔ决jué,&余yú令lìng法fǎ司sī再zài理lǐ,&与yǔ卿qīng共gòng论lùn,&慎shèn之zhī慎shèn之zhī。&”&时shí以yǐ为wéi得dé大dà体tǐ。&越yuè数shù年nián,&大dà理lǐ寺sì奉fèng诏zhào谳yàn奏zòu狱yù囚qiú应yīng减jiǎn死sǐ者zhě。&帝dì谓wèi诸zhū囚qiú罪zuì皆jiē不bú赦shè,&乃nǎi假jiǎ借jiè恩ēn例lì纵zòng奸jiān坏huài法fǎ,&黜chù降jiàng寺sì丞chéng以yǐ下xià有yǒu差chà。&自zì九jiǔ年nián举jǔ秋qiū谢xiè醮jiào免miǎn决jué囚qiú,&自zì后hòu或huò因yīn祥xiáng瑞ruì,&或huò因yīn郊jiāo祀sì大dà报bào,&停tíng刑xíng之zhī典diǎn每měi岁suì举jǔ行háng。&然rán屡lǚ谴qiǎn怒nù执zhí法fǎ官guān,&以yǐ为wéi不bú时shí请qǐng旨zhǐ,&至zhì上shàng迫pò冬dōng至zhì,&废fèi义yì而ér市shì恩ēn也yě。&遂suí削xuē刑xíng部bù尚shàng书shū吴wú山shān职zhí,&降jiàng调diào刑xíng科kē给gěi事shì中zhōng刘liú三sān畏wèi等děng。&中zhōng年nián益yì肆sì诛zhū戮lù,&自zì宰zǎi辅fǔ夏xià言yán不bú免miǎn。&至zhì三sān十shí七qī年nián,&乃nǎi出chū手shǒu谕yù,&言yán:&“&司sī牧mù者zhě未wèi尽jìn得dé人rén,&任rèn情qíng作zuò威wēi。&湖hú广guǎng幼yòu民mín吴wú一yī魁kuí二èr命mìng枉wǎng刑xíng,&母mǔ又yòu就jiù捕bǔ,&情qíng迫pò无wú控kòng,&万wàn里lǐ叩kòu阍hūn。&以yǐ此cǐ推tuī之zhī,&冤yuān抑yì者zhě不bú知zhī其qí几jǐ。&尔ěr等děng宜yí亟jí体tǐ朕zhèn心xīn,&加jiā意yì矜jīn恤xù。&仍réng通tōng行háng天tiān下xià,&咸xián使shǐ喻yù之zhī。&”&是shì诏zhào也yě,&恤xù恤xù乎hū有yǒu哀āi痛tòng之zhī思sī焉yān。&末mò年nián,&主zhǔ事shì海hǎi瑞ruì上shàng书shū触chù忤wǔ,&刑xíng部bù当dāng以yǐ死sǐ。&帝dì持chí其qí章zhāng不bú下xià,&瑞ruì得dé长zhǎng系xì。&穆mù宗zōng立lì,&徐xú阶jiē缘yuán帝dì意yì为wéi遗yí诏zhào,&尽jìn还hái诸zhū逐zhú臣chén,&优yōu恤xù死sǐ亡wáng,&纵zòng释shì幽yōu系xì。&读dú诏zhào书shū者zhě无wú不bú叹tàn息xī。&万wàn历lì初chū,&冬dōng月yuè,&诏zhào停tíng刑xíng者zhě三sān矣yǐ。&五wǔ年nián九jiǔ月yuè,&司sī礼lǐ太tài监jiān孙sūn得dé胜shèng复fù传chuán旨zhǐ:&“&奉fèng圣shèng母mǔ谕yù,&大dà婚hūn期qī近jìn,&命mìng阁gé臣chén于yú三sān覆fù奏zòu本běn,&拟nǐ旨zhǐ免miǎn刑xíng。&”&张zhāng居jū正zhèng言yán:&“&祖zǔ宗zōng旧jiù制zhì,&凡fán犯fàn死sǐ罪zuì鞫jū问wèn既jì明míng,&依yī律lǜ弃qì市shì。&嘉jiā靖jìng末mò年nián,&世shì宗zōng皇huáng帝dì因yīn斋zhāi醮jiào,&始shǐ有yǒu暂zàn免miǎn不bú决jué之zhī令lìng,&或huò间jiān从cóng御yù笔bǐ所suǒ勾gōu,&量liàng行háng取qǔ决jué。&此cǐ特tè近jìn年nián姑gū息xī之zhī弊bì,&非fēi旧jiù制zhì也yě。&臣chén等děng详xiáng阅yuè诸zhū囚qiú罪zuì状zhuàng,&皆jiē灭miè绝jué天tiān理lǐ,&败bài伤shāng彝yí伦lún,&圣shèng母mǔ独dú见jiàn犯fàn罪zuì者zhě身shēn被bèi诛zhū戮lù之zhī可kě悯mǐn,&而ér不bú知zhī彼bǐ所suǒ戕qiāng害hài者zhě皆jiē含hán冤yuān蓄xù愤fèn于yú幽yōu冥míng之zhī中zhōng,&使shǐ不bú一yī雪xuě其qí痛tòng,&怨yuàn恨hèn之zhī气qì,&上shàng干gàn天tiān和hé,&所suǒ伤shāng必bì多duō。&今jīn不bú行háng刑xíng,&年nián复fù一yī年nián,&充chōng满mǎn囹líng圄yǔ,&既jì费fèi关guān防fáng,&又yòu乖guāi国guó典diǎn,&其qí于yú政zhèng体tǐ又yòu大dà谬miù也yě。&”&给gěi事shì中zhōng严yán用yòng和hé等děng亦yì以yǐ为wéi言yán。&诏zhào许xǔ之zhī。&十shí二èr年nián,&御yù史shǐ屠tú叔shū明míng请qǐng释shì革gé除chú忠zhōng臣chén外wài亲qīn。&命mìng自zì齐qí、&黄huáng外wài,&方fāng孝xiào孺rú等děng连lián及jí者zhě俱jù勘kān豁huō。&帝dì性xìng仁rén柔róu,&而ér独dú恶è言yán者zhě。&自zì十shí二èr年nián至zhì三sān十shí四sì年nián,&内nèi外wài官guān杖zhàng戍shù为wéi民mín者zhě至zhì百bǎi四sì十shí人rén。&后hòu不bú复fù视shì朝cháo,&刑xíng辟pì罕hǎn用yòng,&死sǐ囚qiú屡lǚ停tíng免miǎn去qù。&天tiān启qǐ中zhōng,&酷kù刑xíng多duō,&别bié见jiàn,&不bú具jù论lùn。&庄zhuāng烈liè帝dì即jí位wèi,&诛zhū魏wèi忠zhōng贤xián。&崇chóng祯zhēn二èr年nián,&钦qīn定dìng逆nì案àn凡fán六liù等děng,&天tiān下xià称chēng快kuài。&然rán是shì时shí承chéng神shén宗zōng废fèi弛chí、&熹xī宗zōng昏hūn乱luàn之zhī后hòu,&锐ruì意yì综zōng理lǐ,&用yòng刑xíng颇pō急jí,&大dà臣chén多duō下xià狱yù者zhě矣yǐ。&六liù年nián冬dōng论lùn囚qiú,&素sù服fú御yù建jiàn极jí殿diàn,&召zhào阁gé臣chén商shāng榷què,&而ér温wēn体tǐ仁rén无wú所suǒ平píng反fǎn。&陕shǎn西xī华huá亭tíng知zhī县xiàn徐xú兆zhào麒qí抵dǐ任rèn七qī日rì,&城chéng陷xiàn,&坐zuò死sǐ。&帝dì心xīn悯mǐn之zhī,&体tǐ仁rén不bú为wéi救jiù。&十shí一yī年nián,&南nán通tōng政zhèng徐xú石shí麒qí疏shū救jiù郑zhèng三sān俊jun4,&因yīn言yán:&“&皇huáng上shàng御yù极jí以yǐ来lái,&诸zhū臣chén丽lì丹dān书shū者zhě几jǐ千qiān,&圜huán扉fēi为wéi满mǎn。&使shǐ情qíng法fǎ尽jìn协xié,&犹yóu属shǔ可kě怜lián,&况kuàng怵chù惕tì于yú威wēi严yán之zhī下xià者zhě。&有yǒu将jiāng顺shùn而ér无wú挽wǎn回huí,&有yǒu揣chuāi摩mó而ér无wú补bǔ救jiù,&株zhū连lián蔓màn引yǐn,&九jiǔ死sǐ一yī生sh}