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历史上的今天
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blogAbstract:'&\r\n初中英语语法列表—现在完成时和现在完成进行时\r\n&\r\n现在完成时的基本用法\r\n1）现在完成时表示一件已经发生的事，这事往往与现在情况有联系：\r\nI’ve lost my key. 我的钥匙丢了。 （因此无法进屋）\r\nShe’s gone to town. 她进城去了。（现在在城里）\r\nI’ve got a letter from my aunt. 我收到姨妈的一封信。（因此知道她的近况）\r\nThe lift has broken down. 电梯坏了。（因此无法进屋）\r\nPeter has had a bad car crash. 彼得出了严重车祸。(可能送医院了)',
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{list wl as x}{/list}在什么时候应该使用“现在完成时”？
在沪江关注考试英语的沪友小红树林遇到了一个关于中学英语的疑惑，已有5人提出了自己的看法。
知识点疑惑描述：
英语初中八年级的。
最佳知识点讲解
知识点相关讲解
你看句子前后面是否有since /for+时间等，都用现在完成时。
—— 亚川美奈慧
到现在为止已经完成了的
—— annangel
一般与for ,since ,how long
so far ,up to now,till now,untill now,since then,from then on
recently ,lately,in recent time ,
alerday,yet
now,by now ,just
不仅表示到先到现在完成，重要的是对现在造成影响
—— crysital浅草
哦 我刚学完
have/has...been doing
have/has+动词的过去分词
how long have you been skating?
有since /for+时间等
肯定式；I/You have worked
用法；1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在的影响或结果
2.现在完成时可以和already已经
never ever just before yet 等状语连用
—— 海绵bady
简单来说就是现在的过去和对现在有影响
用现在完成时
—— lydia___
相关其他知识点
CopyRight & 沪江网 2015&您现在的位置：&&>>&&>>&&>>&&>>&正文
初中英语现在完成时专项练习题及答案
一、&&&&&&&&单项选择。 1、Both&&his&&parents&&look&&sad&.Maybe&they&&_________what’s&&happened&&to&&him&. Ａ.&&knew&&Ｂ.&&have&known&&&Ｃ.&&must&know&&&Ｄ.will&know 2、He&&has&&_______&been&&to&&Shanghai&,&has&&he&? Ａ.&&already&&&Ｂ.never&&&&Ｃ.ever&&&&Ｄ.&still 3、Have&&you&&met&&Mr&&Li&______？ Ａ.&&just&&&Ｂ.&&ago&&&&&Ｃ.before&&&Ｄ.&&a&moment&ago 4、The&famous&writer&_____&one&new&book&in&the&past&two&year Ａ.&is&&writing&&&&Ｂ.was&&writing&&&&Ｃ.wrote&&Ｄ.has&&written&5、―Our&country&&______&a&lot&so&far&. 　―Yes&.&I&hope&it&will&be&even&______&. Ａ.&has&&changed&;&well&&&Ｂ.&&changed&;&good Ｃ.&has&&changed&;&better&Ｄ.&&changed&;&better 6、Zhao&Lan&______already&&______in&this&school&for&two&years&.Ａ.&was&;&studying&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&Ｂ.&will&;&study Ｃ.&has&;&studied&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&Ｄ.&are&;&studying 7、We&______&Xiao&&Li&&since&&she&&was&&a&&little&&girl&. Ａ.&know&&&Ｂ.&&had&&known&&&Ｃ.&have&&known&&&Ｄ.&&knew&8、Harry&Potter&is&a&very&nice&film&.I_______&it&twice&. Ａ.&&will&&see&&&&&Ｂ.&&have&&seen&&&&&Ｃ.&&saw&&&Ｄ.see 9、―These&&farmers&&have&&been&&to&&the&&United&&States&. &&&―Really&?&When&_____&&there&? Ａ.&will&&they&&go&&&&&&Ｂ.&&did&&they&&go Ｃ.&&do&&they&&go&&&&&&Ｄ.&&have&&they&&gone 10、―______&you&___&your&&homework&&yet&? 　　―Yes&.&I&_____&&it&&a&&moment&&ago&. Ａ.&&Did&;&do&;&finished&&&&Ｂ.&&Have&;&done&;&finished Ｃ.&&Have&;&done&;&have&&finished&&&Ｄ.&&will&;&do&;&finish 11、&His&&father&&______&the&&Party&&since&&1978&. Ａ.&&joined&&&&Ｂ.&&has&joined&&Ｃ.&&was&in&Ｄ.&&has&&been&&in 12、―Do&you&know&him&well&? ―&&Sure&.We&_________&friends&since&ten&years&ago&. Ａ.&&were&&&&Ｂ.&have&been&&Ｃ.&have&become&&&Ｄ.&have&made 13、―How&long&have&you&&____&here&? 　　―About&two&months&. Ａ.&&been&&&&&Ｂ.&&gone&&&&&Ｃ.&&come&&Ｄ.&&arrived 14、Hurry&&up!&The&&play&__________&for&&ten&&minutes&. Ａ.&&has&&begun&Ｂ.&&had&&begun&Ｃ.&&has&&been&&onＤ.&&began 15、&It&&_____&ten&&years&&since&&he&&left&&the&&army&. Ａ.&&is&&&Ｂ.&&has&&&Ｃ.&&will&&&&Ｄ.&&was 16、&Miss&&Green&&isn’t&&in&&the&&office&.&she_______&&to&&the&&library&. Ａ.has&&gone&&Ｂ.&went&&&Ｃ.will&&go&&&Ｄ.&&has&&been 17、My&&parents&______&&Shandong&&for&&ten&&years&. Ａ.&&have&&been&&in&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&Ｂ.&have&&been&&to Ｃ.&&have&&gone&&to&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&Ｄ.&have&&been 18、The&students&have&cleaned&the&classroom,&&&&&&? A.&so&they&&&B.&don’t&they&&&C.&have&they&&&D.&haven’t&they 19、&&&&&&&&has&Mr&White&been&a&member&of&Greener&China since&he&&&&&&&&to&China? A.&How&soon,&comes&&&&&&&&&&&&&B.&How&often,&got&& C.&How&long,&came&&&&&&&&&&&&&&D.&How&far,&arrived 20、&His&uncle&&&&&&&&for&more&than&9&years. A.&has&come&here&&&&&&&&&&&B.&has&started&to&work C.&has&lived&there&&&&&&&&&&&D.&has&left&the&university 二、&&&&&&&&句型转换。 1、He&has&never&surfed,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&?（改成反意疑问句）& 2、They&have&been&here&since&2000.&&(对划线部分提问) &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&have&they&been&here? 3、The&old&man&_________&last&year.&He&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&for&a&year.&(die)&（动词填空） 4、This&factory&opened&twenty&years&ago.(同义句转换) This&factory&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&________&for&twenty&years. 5、Miss&Gao&left&an&hour&ago.&&(同义句转换) Miss&Gao&________&_______&________&________&an&hour&ago. 6、Her&mother&has&been&a&Party&member&for&three&years&.（同义句） Her&&mother&_______&the&&Party&&three&&years&&________&. 7、The&Green&Family&moved&to&France&two&years&ago.&(同义句转换) _______&two&years&________&the&Green&family&moved&to&France. 8、The&bus&has&arrived&here.&It&arrived&ten&minutes&ago.&(把两个句子合并成一个句子)&& &___________________________________________&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 三、&&&&&&&&汉译英。
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初中英语：现在完成时练习题
来源：互联网&&作者：佚名
　　一、单项选择
　　1、Both& his& parents& look& sad .Maybe they& _________what's& happened& to& him .
　　Ａ.& knew& Ｂ.& have known&& Ｃ.& must know&& Ｄ.will know
　　2、He& has& _______ been& to& Shanghai , has& he ?
　　Ａ.& already&& Ｂ.never&&& Ｃ.ever&&& Ｄ. still
　　3、Have& you& met& Mr& Li ______？
　　Ａ.& just&& Ｂ.& ago&&&& Ｃ.before&& Ｄ.& a moment ago
　　4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year
　　Ａ. is& writing&&& Ｂ.was& writing&&& Ｃ.wrote& Ｄ.has& written 5、-Our country& ______ a lot so far .
　　-Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
　　Ａ. has& well&& Ｂ.& good
　　Ｃ. has& better Ｄ.& better
　　6、Zhao Lan ______already& ______in this school for two years .Ａ. studying&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Ｂ. study
　　Ｃ. studied&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Ｄ. studying
　　7、We ______ Xiao& Li& since& she& was& a& little& girl .
　　Ａ. know&& Ｂ.& had& known&& Ｃ. have& known&& Ｄ.& knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
　　Ａ.& will& see&&&& Ｂ.& have& seen&&&& Ｃ.& saw&& Ｄ.see
　　9、-These& farmers& have& been& to& the& United& States .
　　-Really ? When _____& there ?
　　Ａ. will& they& go&&&&& Ｂ.& did& they& go
　　Ｃ.& do& they& go&&&&& Ｄ.& have& they& gone
　　10、-______ you ___ your& homework& yet ?
　　-Yes . I _____& it& a& moment& ago .
　　Ａ.& D finished&&& Ｂ.& H finished
　　Ｃ.& H have& finished&& Ｄ.& finish
　　11、 His& father& ______ the& Party& since& 1978 .
　　Ａ.& joined&&& Ｂ.& has joined& Ｃ.& was in Ｄ.& has& been& in
　　12、-Do you know him well ?
　　-& Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .
　　Ａ.& were&&& Ｂ. have been& Ｃ. have become&& Ｄ. have made
　　13、-How long have you& ____ here ?
　　-About two months .
　　Ａ.& been&&&& Ｂ.& gone&&&& Ｃ.& come& Ｄ.& arrived
　　14、Hurry& up! The& play __________ for& ten& minutes .
　　Ａ.& has& begun Ｂ.& had& begun Ｃ.& has& been& onＤ.& began
　　15、 It& _____ ten& years& since& he& left& the& army .
　　Ａ.& is&& Ｂ.& has&&& Ｃ.& will&&& Ｄ.& was
　　16、 Miss& Green& isn't& in& the& office . she_______& to& the& library .
　　Ａ.has& gone& Ｂ. went&& Ｃ.will& go&& Ｄ.& has& been
　　17、My& parents ______& Shandong& for& ten& years .
　　Ａ.& have& been& in&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Ｂ. have& been& to
　　Ｃ.& have& gone& to&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Ｄ. have& been
　　18、The students have cleaned the classroom,&&&&& ?
　　A. so they&& B. don't they&& C. have they&& D. haven't they
　　19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he&&&&&&& to China?
　　A. How soon, comes&&&&&&&&&&&& B. How often, got
　　C. How long, came&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. How far, arrived
　　20、 His uncle&&&&&&& for more than 9 years.
　　A. has come here&&&&&&&&&& B. has started to work
　　C. has lived there&&&&&&&&&& D. has left the university
　　二、句型转换
　　3、The old man _________ last year. He&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& for a year. (die) （动词填空）
　　4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)
　　This factory&&&&&&&&&&&&&& ________ for twenty years.
　　5、Miss Gao left an hour ago.& (同义句转换)
　　Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
　　6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
　　Her& mother _______ the& Party& three& years& ________ .
　　7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)
　　_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to Fra nce.
　　8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子)
　　___________________________________________&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
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京ICP备号&&&&京公网安备82号英语时态中的一般过去时以及现在完成时讲解与练习(精品)_适用于初中水平较好以及高中水平较差的同学92
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英语时态中的一般过去时以及现在完成时讲解与练习(精品)_适用于初中水平较好以及高中水平较差的同学92
英语时态讲解与练习（二）；一、一般过去时；一般过去时是由动词的过去式来表示的；一般过去时的基本构成：规则动词后+ed；1.表示过去发生的动作，与现在毫无联系，与确定的；2.表示过去习惯动作，只适用于动态动词；Eg.WhenshewasinBeijing,s；二、现在完成时(重点及难点)；构成：助动词have/has+过去分词；①表示过去发生的动作，对现在造成
英语时态讲解与练习（二）一、一般过去时一般过去时是由动词的过去式来表示的。一般过去时表示过去某一具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 动词的过去式的构成分为规则与不规则两类。一般过去时的基本构成：规则动词后+ed1. 表示过去发生的动作，与现在毫无联系，与确定的时间状语词连用，如：then,at that time,just now,yesterday,last year,in 1998,??ago2. 表示过去习惯动作，只适用于动态动词Eg.When she was in Beijing,she often came to see me.二、现在完成时(重点及难点)构成：助动词have/has+过去分词①表示过去发生的动作，对现在造成的结果或影响。常与already, just, yet, in the last few years, so far,
--Have you had your lunch yet?--yes, I have. I have just had it.（现在我不饿了）I have already posted the photos.(这些照片已不在这里了)② 表示动作或状态从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，可能刚刚结束，也可能继续下去。常与for, since引导的时间状语连用（For+一段时间
，Since+某一点时间），可以用how long提问。其中“for+一段时间”用在肯定句中，动词必须是延续性动词；在否定句中，延续性动词或短暂性动词均可。Since连接的从句中，常用短暂性动词的一般过去时。I have known Li Ming for three years.They have lived here since 1996.They have lived here since they graduated from university.She has taught us since I came to this school.How long have you worked in this factory?现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。如yesterday, last night, three days ago, in 1990等。而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生联系。它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。I have seen the film.我已经看过这部电影（我了解这部电影的内容）I saw the film last week.我上一周看了这部电影。（只说明上星期看了这部电影，不涉及现在的情况。 He has lived here since 你年以来他一直住在这里。（他现在还住在这里）He lived here in 年他住在这里。（不涉及现在他是否还住在这里）have bee to和have gone tohave been to 表示曾经去过某地
have gone to 表示已经去某地了。have bee in a place在某地待了有多久。现在完成时的口诀:发生在过去，影响在现在。延续性动词与终止性动词讲解动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。 延续性动词（或称为持续性动词）终止性动词（或称为瞬间动词、非延续性动词、非延续性动词、界限性动词）表示动作一发生即告结束的动词叫终止性动词，表示持续一段时间的动词叫延续性动词。一、英语中常见的终止性动词有：leave， go，come，arrive，begin，buy，borrow，die，join， become，marry，graduate，become等。由于终止性动词所表示的动作发生与结束在一瞬间完成，所以终止性动词的完成体的肯定式既不能与表示一段时间的状语“for ＋时间段”或“ since ＋时间点”连用，也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句之中。例句：我哥哥参军两年了。My brother has joined the army for two years．（误）我哥哥自1999年就参军了。My brother has joined the army since 1999．（误）你哥哥参军多久了？How long has your brother joined the army ？（误）如用延续性动词表示瞬间的行为，则必须借助come（表示动作的渐进过程），begin， get（表示动作的变化过程）等动词。例句：I studied English thirteen years ago．（误）I began to study English thirteen years ago．（正）When did you know him？（误）When did you get to know him ？（正）二、终止性动词肯定形式的完成时不能与一段时间状语连用。可用以下三种方法替换：
⑴时态替换法
就是把非延续性动词的完成时态，改为过去时态，然后再把“for+一段时间”改为“一段时间段＋ago”，句中谓语动词用一般过去时。例句：My brother joined the army two years ago．The old man died ten years ago．He left his hometown thirty years ago．句型替换法(2).since法用“ It is（或has been）＋一段时间＋ since…”改写，该句型中since后面的谓语动词多为终止性动词，且常用一般过去时。例句：It is（或has been）two years since my brother joined the army．It is ten years since the old man died．It is（或has been）thirty years since he left his hometown．注：It is／has been．．．since．．．句型中的动词若为延续性动词，计时的起点是since句中动词结束之点。不然应将since句中的动词改为begin to do sth．。例句：It's five years since he studied English．他不学英语已五年了。It's five years since he began to study English．他学英语已五年了。(3).一段时间法“用一段时间＋has ／have passed since S＋V-ed”句型改写。例句：Two years has ／have passed since my brother joined the army．Thirty years has ／have passed since he left his hometown．(4).动词替换法若保留for ＋时间段，since ＋时间点或用在how long句型中，需将终止性动词改为相应的延续性动词或状态动词。例句：My brother has been in the army for two years．Jack has been a postman for about six years．When he came home，I had been asleep for three hours．Of course I know him very well because we have been friends for ages．―How long have you been here？―About two months．三、常见终止性动词与延续性动词（或状态动词）的对应关系如下：leave →be away（from）
borrow→ keep
finish ／end ／stop→ be overjoin the army→ be ／serve in the army ／be a soldier
open→ be openjoin the Party→ be in the Party ／be a Party membercatch ／get a cold→ have a cold
fall asleep→ be asleepgo to school→ be in school／be a student
begin→ be on
put on（上演）→be onbuy→ have
become→ be
marry→ be married（to）
wake up→ be awakemake friends with→ be friends with
open sth→ keep sth openlose→ be lost ／be missing ／be gone
lose one's job work→ be out of work ／a job
例句：When he got to the station，the train had been away for a long time．My brother has had a bad cold for a week．My father joined the Party in 1945．He has been a Party member for about fifty-five years．Tom's brother had been in the army for three years before he became a teacher．The film had been on for fifteen minutes when I got to the cinema．―Excuse me．How long may I keep the book？―Two weeks．Kate was wearing that red coat from Monday to Saturday．Kate has been married to John for nearly ten years．Joe told his friends that he had been a lawyer for ten years．The factory has been open since 1990．四、since从句中两种时态的不同含义我们再来分析一下since从句中使用终止性动词与延续性动词的区别。在since从句中我们往往使用终止性动词的过去时，从句表示的时间是“从那一时刻起”，如：Mr Brown has made quite a few Chinese friends since he came to China. 布朗先生自从来中国以后已交了相当多的中国朋友。He has studied very hard since he came to our school．他自从来到我们学校学习一直非常努力。We have been missing them since they left here．自从他们离开这儿，我们一直非常想念他们。注意：since从句中不可以使用终止性动词的完成时since从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词的一般过去时，从句表示的时间是“从那延续性动词动作结束时算起”，如：It’s three weeks since my aunt stayed here. (=My aunt hasn’t stayed here for three weeks.)
我阿姨不在这儿已有三周了。I haven′t heard from him since I lived in Shanghai. 自从我离开上海以来，一直没有收到他的来信。)但是如果在since从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词的现在完成时，则意味着该状态延续至今，和一般过去时的含义完全相反。试比较：I have been at school since I have been ill.
（我生病以来一直在学校里。）I have been at school since I was ill.
（我病愈以来一直在学校里。）弄清since从句中两种时态的不同含义，对于以下例句的理解就不会感到困难了。如：
It’s 4 years since Mr Li smoked. （李先生戒烟已有四年了。）They asked me to have a drink with them．I said that it was at least ten years since I had enjoyed a good drink．他们叫我去喝一杯，我说我至少有十年没痛痛快快地喝一杯了。
I haven't heard from him since I lived in Shanghai．从我离开上海就没收到过他的来信。
I haven't heard any noise since I slept．我醒后没听到任何噪音。包含各类专业文献、各类资格考试、应用写作文书、幼儿教育、小学教育、外语学习资料、中学教育、行业资料、生活休闲娱乐、高等教育、英语时态中的一般过去时以及现在完成时讲解与练习(精品)_适用于初中水平较好以及高中水平较差的同学92等内容。　
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