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东北师大英语从教30余年。辅导中考英语。新概念英语教学。
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Title:Pre-equilibrium α-particle emission as a probe to study α-clustering in nuclei
Authors:; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Publication:INPC 2013 - International Nuclear Physics Conference, Firenze, Italy, Edited by S. L P.G. B C. B M. C A. D P. Di N R. M A. N C. S J.J. Valiente-D EPJ Web of Conferences, Volume 66, id.03028
Publication Date:03/2014
Bibliographic Code:
A theoretical approach was developed to describe secondary particle
emission in heavy ion collisions, with special regards to
pre-equilibrium α-particle production. The probabilities of
neutron, proton and α-particle emission have been evaluated for
both the equilibrium and pre-equilibrium stages of the process. Effects
due the possible cluster structure of the projectile which has been
excited during the collisions have been experimentally evidenced
studying the double differential cross sections of p and
α-particles emitted in the E=250MeV 16O
+116Sn reaction. Calculations within the present model with
different clusterization probabilities have been compared to the
experimental data.
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arXiv e-prints"Novel Fission Track Detection for Identification and Characterization " by Jonathan Allen Gill
Degree Type
Dissertation
Degree Name
Doctor of Philosophy
Nuclear Engineering
Major Professor
Howard L. Hall
Committee Members
Thomas T. Meek, Joseph R. Stainback IV, John D. Auxier
Fission track detection and analysis is used primarily in nuclear safeguards to identify special nuclear material. Identification of isotopic ratios is a crucial step in understanding the intended use of nuclear material and the nature of the materials production cycle. Unfortunately, this methodology uses etchable track detectors that require significant expertise and intensive labor to process.
This study developed a novel method using lithium fluoride (LiF) as a fluorescing nuclear track detector to conduct fission track analysis for isotopic prediction of uranium enrichment. Individual latent tracks produced by fission products were observed in LiF for the first time. These tracks were identified using fluorescence microscopy with a confocal laser scanning microscope. Specifically, lithium fluoride’s F2 and F3 + defects were excited and observed for fluorescing emission. These observations required the use of highly sensitive detectors that could maintain at least a one to ten signal to noise ratio while detecting single photon signal. Fission tracks were verified with concurrent 252Cf alpha tracks and agreement with variations in exposure times.
Experiments with uranium fuel glued to LiF detectors were used to predict enrichment. These samples were exposed to 1014 neutrons in a custom irradiator and then particles were characterized based on the number of tracks observed by the confocal laser scanning microscope. Predictions of uranium isotopes required calculation of particle mass contributing significantly to error. Seven of ten particles fell with error of prediction, two of which were depleted uranium samples and had predicted track counts of less than one per fuel grain.
This work proves the viability for a new method of identifying particles with fission track analysis. It reduces the work hours required to analyze an environmental sample for fissionable material by removing the need to etch traditional solid state nuclear track detectors.
Recommended Citation
Gill, Jonathan Allen, "Novel Fission Track Detection for Identification and Characterization of Special Nuclear Materials. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2017.http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/4770
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About Trace"THE HIGH LIFE; American Owners Excited about First Showpiece Occasion, Says MD Ayre" - Liverpool Echo (Liverpool, England), February 25, 2012 | Online Research Library: Questia
Article details, &THE HIGH LIFE; American Owners Excited about...&
Article excerpt
Byline: JAMES PEARCE
LIVERPOOL'S principal owner John Henry and chairman Tom Werner will fly into London tomorrow morning to attend the Carling Cup final against Cardiff City at Wembley.
Reds managing director Ian Ayre admits the American duo are relishing the prospect of the club's first showpiece final since their pounds 300million takeover in October 2010.
"John and Tom will arrive on Sunday and they are very excited about it," Ayre said.
"They know what being back at Wembley means to everyone associated with the club.
"It's going to be very special and they are looking forward to being a part of that.
"This is a club built on such fantastic history and we had such great success at the old stadium. Now we want to write some history at the new Wembley.
"I've really felt a buzz around the city this week. Just walking around Liverpool I've had so many people stop me to tell me how much they are looking forward to getting back to Wembley. It's nice to see everyone with a smile on their face and a spring in their step."
Tomorrow's final will be an immensely proud occasion for Kirkdale-born Ayre. …
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An unknown error has occurred. Please click the button below to reload the page. If the problem persists, please try again in a little while.Gauge Models of Topological Phases and Applications to Quantum Gravity
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dc.contributor.authorDelcamp, Clement Martin Lucas Hugo
dc.date.accessioned 16:41:13 (GMT)
dc.date.available 16:41:13 (GMT)
dc.date.issued
dc.date.submitted
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/
dc.description.abstractIn 2+1 dimensions, gravity is an SU(2) topological gauge theory that can be written as BF theory. In the condensed matter literature, the Hamiltonian realization of BF theory for finite groups is known as the Kitaev model. The corresponding Hamiltonian yields magnetic and electric point-like excitations, both supported by punctures. In this context, the cylinder plays a special role since the gluing of two cylinders results in another cylinder, hence defining an algebra on the Hilbert space of states, referred to as Ocneanu's tube algebra. By choosing specific graph-states on the cylinder, we can confirm explicitly that this algebra is equivalent to the Drinfel'd double of the gauge group. The representation theory of the Drinfel'd double can then be used to define a basis of excited states associated with any punctured Riemann surface. This result can be adapted so as to define a new basis for the gauge invariant Hilbert space of lattice gauge theories, and a fortiori loop quantum gravity, replacing the well-known spin network basis. In doing so, we naturally shift the focus from the underlying lattice to the excitations themselves, this notion of excitations being understood with respect to a given vacuum state, namely the so-called BF vacuum. This basis diagonalizes so-called ribbon operators that provide Dirac observables. Furthermore, it has an inherent hierarchical organization allowing to design states with a multi-scale structure. This turns out to be extremely precious for studying the large scale structure of the theory. It also provides a new notion of subsystems for gauge theories. Being solely based on excitations, this leads to a completely relational way of defining regions. This can be used to define a new notion of entanglement entropy for lattice gauge theories and (2+1)d gravity coupled to point particles. These techniques can also be generalized so as to define excitation bases for (3+1)d gauge models of topological phases. Two approaches are considered in this thesis. The first one consists in generalizing Ocneanu's tube algebra by replacing the cylinder with the manifold obtained by cutting open a three-torus along one direction. This defines an algebraic structure extending the Drinfel'd double that can be used in a similar fashion as in (2+1)d. The other approach relies on Heegaard splittings of three-manifolds which perform a decomposition into handle-bodies along so-called Heegaard surfaces. We use this technique to encode the Hilbert space of flat connections with curvature excitations of a three-manifold into the Hilbert space of flat connections on a 2d Heegaard surface, hence making the results derived in (2+1)d available to the study of the (3+1)d case.en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherUniversity of Waterlooen
dc.titleGauge Models of Topological Phases and Applications to Quantum Gravityen
dc.typeDoctoral Thesisen
dc.pendingfalse
uws-etd.degree.departmentPhysics and Astronomyen
uws-etd.degree.disciplinePhysicsen
uws-etd.degree.grantorUniversity of Waterlooen
uws-etd.degreeDoctor of Philosophyen
uws.contributor.advisorDittrich, Bianca
uws.contributor.advisorSmolin, Lee
uws.contributor.affiliation1Faculty of Scienceen
uws.published.cityWaterlooen
uws.published.countryCanadaen
uws.published.provinceOntarioen
uws.typeOfResourceTexten
uws.peerReviewStatusUnrevieweden
uws.scholarLevelGraduateen
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University of Waterloo Library 200 University Avenue West
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