加拿大的幼儿教育质量
Recent findings from Canadian studies are not encouraging. Reports
indicate that Canadian's child care programs range from programs
that support optimal early child development to ones that offer
mediocre, custodial servicess to meet children's basic physical
needs.（最近的发现并不乐观，报告显示加拿大的幼儿教育从支持最理想的孩子的早期发展到那些提供平庸的已满足孩子们的基本物质需要的保管服务。）
这是他们自己的评价。感觉还是实在的，即Not encouraging.
最明显的感受，他们在幼儿园阶段完成了孩子们的社会交往能力的教育。他们没有教认字，也没有教数学，就是简单的让孩子玩，各种各样的玩具到处都是。再者通过日常生活，让孩子们养成良好的卫生生活习惯。玩具孩子们要和大人一起放好，玩的内容也是成人生活的基本再现。穿鞋袜都是尽量让孩子从小就自己动手。睡醒觉孩子们小的还走得不太稳，就一个个摇摇摆摆自己把小的毯子自己放好。一点点的孩子（12个月的）都是自己吃饭，吃的满脸都是，很简单吃完擦干净就行。玩具有类似厨房里的设施，玩沙玩水，水在长方形的塑料的器具子里，沙在外面和室内都有，沙也在木质的长方形的器具里。孩子们在一起有无穷的争执的理由，教会孩子和平相处，学会和伙伴分享玩具。这个阶段孩子们完成了对社区和社会生活的认同。这是他们文化很重要的一点。即融入了他们的社会和完成了对自己种族的认同。西人对自己人还是很好的，不管老的少的，丑的俊的。工作单位都是先保自己的人，工作时间都是给自己人的多。活也是自己人的好。和国人不一样。国人是先敬外人。
所以在这里的中国人一再说，成年后来到的，根本容不到西人圈子里，这该是原因之一。在这里长大的孩子假如在幼儿园开始，吃东西的口味、思维都是西人的，初中后来的孩子基本就不一样了。初中在这里上的孩子，连写的字母都是西人的写法。朋友家的女儿小学6年级来的，就是这个样子。自己家里的孩子，因为是基本上完初三来的，字母的写法就是中国人写的样子。有很多名校的要求是14岁以后来的孩子要考托福，还是有道理的。
但负面的作用是孩子识字晚，英语和数学都不好，所以还有部分父母把孩子送到国内接受国内的小学教育，这点是绝对想不到的。但看了这里的幼儿园教育后，也觉得这个做法有道理。高中学生约有25%的辍学率，很多人高中毕业就工作了，在一起的同事就是高中毕业4年了，一直在上班，没有接受高中后的教育。她还承认英语太难。还有很多父母不给出学费，要孩子自己解决，或通过贷款解决。当然，贷款分国家的部分和省里的部分，省里的部分有部分要还，有的不要还，有时还要看毕业后找工作的情况，找到工资高的工作要还贷多，工资低的工作还贷少，有一个专门的办公室管理（即中国人说的）在地址是855的那个机构，负责这个工作。所以贷款并不完全是商业贷款的模式。
目前没有信心对这个工作，语言还是障碍，小的孩子的语言并不好理解。还有和家长交流的问题。
只有饭有专人做，其他的一切都要有幼教人员来完成，包括打扫卫生。所以这个活也不轻快。
政府还小气，照管孩子的时候有补贴，不照管孩子的时候就没有，所以同事之间很容易起矛盾。假如有7个孩子，可以有2个大人来管，但孩子被接走，只有6个孩子时，按政府的规定，就得有一个人干杂活，这时的工资就是12元，没有了政府的补贴，所以园长要每个月都报政府每个人的照顾孩子时的时间。所以俺学会了用中央吸尘器来吸尘，学会了拖地，他们用Mint
quat拖地和擦桌子，学会了如何给马桶消毒，用Bleach喷，拖把最后要用好象咱的84消毒液来泡泡。也知道了西人的家为什么没有做饭的味道了。一个幼儿园基本上是一个的大的家庭在运营。中班的孩子有时有19人，大班有2个，小的12个月以上，有7个。19人就有4个大人来照顾。是典型的女儿国。从工作以来向来在男人多的环境里工作，这样一来还不太适应。
所以他们的幼儿教育质量不是想得那样好，当然，国人的观念和人家还是有不同的。假如结合了中西的长处，那将是完美的。
国人的幼儿教育在轰轰烈烈的学速算、学识字、学珠心算、学英语、学音乐、学跳舞的时候，无论如何想不到，加拿大人是这样完成不能输在起跑线上的教育的。但是咱的孩子完成了大学教育，还没有学会如何和人打交道，到大学里才出现这么多的问题。如马加爵事件等。当然马事件有更复杂的原因，但学生没有学会相处是这个事件的部分原因。但咱的教育也确实培养了少部分精英。
他们的幼儿教育培养的是劳动者，咱的教育目的是培养精英。但到底能有多少精英就是问题了。
这是自己三个星期来的部分感受，你认同吗？
&&& Similar
to child care centre staff, family child caregivers typically
provided physically safe environments with caring staff, but only
36.8 percent provided stimulating activities. The quality tended to
be lower for infants under eighteen months.
&&& There are
several key considerations in respecting children. The principles
of developmentally appropriate practice, as stated by the Canadian
Child Care Federation emphasize the uniqueness of each child as a
crucial deter minant in early education and care. The different
interests, abilities ,talents, and styles of learning , the the
range of developmental differences within children, as well as the
pace with which children move through development, are particular
for each child and deserve the early childhood educator's
sensitivity and response.
&&& The need
for respect demands that early childood educators first acquire
knowledge of the children that goes far beyond merely demands that
educators continually observe and communicate, as well as avoid the
hasty conclusion that they " kow the children". Early childhood
educators who trs individuality find
themselves always in a suspenseful state of not quite knowing, and
always being open to new perceptions and evidence of growth and
change. Respect for children also implies recognizing
children&as capable and intersting people, who are
aols filled with the potencial and the desire to learn, grow,and
develop. Early childhood educators listen carefully to children,
recognizing that their insights are valid and their questions are
important.
&&& Guidance
methods that humiliate or cause feeling of shame and doubt are not
seen in excellent programs.
&&& Adults
with this kind of respect for children are not in a hurry to move
children to more advanced learning or behaviours that are not yet
ready for.
quality child care provides emotional security, frequent
communicating an dencouragement to play and explore. It begins with
a nurturing, stimulating relationship between the child and
caregiver, and extens to positive relationships and appropriate
activities with other children. Responsive adults are able to read
children's verbal and oneverbal signals, and they react promptly to
children's needs and requests. Responsiveness is a sensitivity to a
child's empotional state and mood, as well as attention to his
physical needs. Children's trust emerges when adults are
emotionally and physically available and reliable inn meeting their
needs. Infants and young children are more likely to form a secure
attachment to responsive early childhood educators than they are to
less-responsive caregivers. Children who have more positive social
skills with peers, higher cognitive and language skills.
&&& Children
construct their own increasing understanding of the world by
interacting with materials and people in their environments.
High-quality programs understand that individuals construct their
own reality, with all participants playing both teaching ansd
learning roles. The image that conveys the concept of a
nonreciprocal learning environment is that of the liquid in a
pitcher being poured into an empty cup. The early childhood
educator is the pitcher, the cup is the child, and the action is
all one way, with the child.(不是一壶水与一杯水的关系，而是相互学习。呵呵，他们也做不到。)
Responsive relationships are ensured when the early childhood
educator obtains info
demonstrates respect for the infan's fe is
emotionally avaliable to the infant and develops creative verbal
and nonverbal responses to the infant. Responsive early childhood
educators must also manage stimulation, finding the right timing,
kind, and amount of stimulation. In order to manage stimulation, an
early childhood educator must be sensitive to individual variations
in state or level of awareness.(这样的水平只有母亲才可以做到)
孩子年龄与工作人员的比例：
0-12 Month
&1：3&&&；&
13-18&Month
I：4&&； 19-35 Month
&1：6&&； 3-4.5岁
1：8&&；& 4.5-6
Child care are able to receive two types of funding:
Staff support funding: monthly funding for staff based on
quality funding: based on the licensed capacity and whether the
centre generally or consistently is in compliance with licensing
requirements.
Family day homes are able to receive two types of funding:
Provider support funding: paid monthly for providers who are in
process or have completed mandatory training identified in the
Provincial Safety Standards document "Training for Direct Caare
Providers"; and
Training grant funding: agencies are paid an annual amount per
provider to develop training to meet training requirements under
Alberta Safety Standards.
Three-year-olds all sleep on their tummy at naptime, so they
won't look around th room and prolong tim and
insisting that two-year-olds give up all pacifiers.
What is poor quality child care about?
It's about criticism and harsh voices and stern faces and
frowns. It's about battles of will between children and adults.
It's about threats and time-outs for everything. It's about too
many rules and bribery and adults who always stand up and no one
can sit in their laps. It's about not much that's interesting going
on and waiting for time to go home and wishing you didn't have to
come back tomorrow.
What is quality child care about?
It's about warmth and caring and interesting things to do. It's
about high self-esteen and genuine concern about the quality of
everyone's day. It's about playing games and singiing songs and
playing house and holding and laughing and having a nice time. It's
about everyone being accepted without reservation-and telling each
other this lots of ways. It's about overlooking transgressions
(侵越，超过)so we can get on with things that really count. It's about
children and adults spending the day together and looking forward
to spending tomorrow together, too.
&&&Working
children&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
Average Income
Child Care
Centre&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&92480&&&&
Family Child
Caregivers&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
Caregivers&&(住家保姆)&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
Family Resoyrce program
Staff&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
Early Intervention
Staff&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
Kindergarten
Teachers&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
30000&&&&&47000
Kindergarten Educational
Assistants&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&10000&&&&
Reaching Potential：Appropriate curriculum and assessment for
young children
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