Au@SiO2 core-shell structure involved with methotrexate: Fabrication, biodegradation process and bioassay explore.
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2015 Dec 30;496(2):965-75. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.. Epub
2015 Oct 26.Au@SiO2 core-shell structure involved with methotrexate: Fabrication, biodegradation process and bioassay explore.1, 1, 1, 2, 3.1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Material, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Material, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, C Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Palygorskite Science and Applied Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China. Electronic address: lishuping@.3Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Material, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China. Electronic address: lixiaodong1@.AbstractA new strategy is proposed to synthesize a kind of Au@SiO2 core-shell structure with methotrexate (MTX) loaded within it. Firstly, MTX molecules are attracted to the surface and vicinity of Au nanoparticles (NPs). Then the enriched MTX molecules on the surface of Au NPs have a good chance to be wrapped into the core-shell structure when SiO2 is uniformly deposited on the Au core. Secondly, the effect of Au amount and MTX content on the drug-loading capacity is emphatically studied and the result shows that core-shell structure plays a vital role in drug loading. In addition, the biodegradation process is also examined in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at 37°C. The results show that the biodegradation of Au-MTX@SiO2 core-shell structure can be divided into two stages: the release of drug together with the fragmentation of core-shell structure and the subsequent dissolution of SiO2 layers. Lastly, in vitro bioassay tests give the evidence that obvious tumor inhibition can be achieved in presence of Au-MTX@SiO2 NPs even at low concentration and the efficacy can be greatly enhanced by the photothermal therapy on Au cores.Copyright (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.KEYWORDS: Au; Core– D M SiO(2)PMID:
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External link. Please review our .Three widespread founder mutations contribute to high incidence of X-linked juvenile retinoschisis in Finland.
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):368-76.Three widespread founder mutations contribute to high incidence of X-linked juvenile retinoschisis in Finland.1, , , , , .1Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Finland.AbstractX-linked juvenile retinoschisis (RS) is a recessively inherited disorder causing progressive vitreoretinal degeneration in males. The gene defective in retinoschisis, XLRS1, has recently been identified and characterised. This gene consists of six exons encoding a protein with a putative role in cell-cell adhesion and phospholipid binding. Juvenile retinoschisis has been actively studied in Finland over the past 30 years, with over 300 diagnosed RS patients. Based on genealogical studies, approximately 70% of the Finnish RS patients originate from Western Finland and 20% from Northern Finland. In this study, one third of the known Finnish RS patients were screened for mutations of the XLRS1 gene. Haplotype analysis, using nine microsatellite markers spanning 1 cM in Xp22.2, suggested the segregation of eight different mutations in these families. To identify mutations, the six exons were amplified by PCR and analysed by single strand conformation analysis, followed by direct sequencing of the PCR products. We identified seven distinct missense mutations, all in exons 4 and 6. The mutations in exon 4, 214G & A and 221G & T, are accountable for RS in Western Finland. A third mutation in exon 4, 325G & C, gives rise to RS in Northern Finland. These three founder mutations are the predominant cause of RS in Finland and their existence explains the high incidence of the disease. The identification of mutations common in genetically isolated populations, such as Finland, allows the diagnosis of patients with an atypical RS phenotype and enables nationwide carrier testing and improved genetic counselling.PMID:
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CitationsCitations6ReferencesReferences10&(2.4) by general summation kernels. See e.g. [11], [12]. &ABSTRACT: In the foregoing Notes, saturation for the singular integral has been considered in the spaces Lp(En), 1 ? p ? 2. On the basis of these results, the present Note extends them to the case 2&p&∞. The method of proof will be given by an elementary “dual method” which is entirely independent of the (explicit) use of distribution theory. In distinction hereto, E. G?rlich and M. Kozima-G. Sunouchi obtained saturation and characterization theorems for the integral K(f; ?) using distributional Fourier transforms. Applications are given to the singular integral of Cesàro-Riesz.Article · Dec 1969 Article · Aug 1965 ABSTRACT: Without AbstractChapter · Jan 1970 · Mathematische AnnalenArticleAugust 2016ArticleAugust 2016 · Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society · Impact Factor: 1.11ArticleAugust 2016ArticleAugust 2016Data provided are for informational purposes only. Although carefully collected, accuracy cannot be guaranteed. The impact factor represents a rough estimation of the journal's impact factor and does not reflect the actual current impact factor. Publisher conditions are provided by RoMEO. Differing provisions from the publisher's actual policy or licence agreement may be applicable.This publication is classified Romeo Green.
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