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初三英语定语从句专项练习
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& 定语从句& & 定义： 在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，位于从句之前。定语从句有关系代词that、which、who、whose、whom和关系副词when 、where、why引导. 定语从句的基本结构为： 先行词 + 关系代/副词& +& 句子 do you know the boy who is wearing a blue jacket? the skirt that /which is made of silk is very expensive. i can&t afford it. the number of the people who/that own cars is increasing. the house that(which、/) the famous person once lived in is very old now. 考点1. 关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词: when, where, why.&& a. that－既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略；不引导非限定性定语从句 there are lots of things ________ i need to prepare before the trip. （10河北） & a. who&&& b. that&&& c. whom&&& d. whose (答案: b) b. which－指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.可引导非限定性定语从句。 this is the dictionary ________ mum gave me for my birthday. (08河北) a. which&&& b. what&& c. whose&& d. whom (答案：a) sorry, we don&t have the coat ________ you need. (09河北) a. what&&& b. who&&& c. whom&&& d. which (答案：d) c. who－般指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom） jamie is a young cook ________ wants to improve school dinners. (10天津) a. who&&& b. whose&&& c. whom&&& d. which (答案：a) d. whose 作定语,表示所属关系。 &i like the teacher ________ classes are very interesting and creative. (09兰州) a. which&& b. who&& c. what&&& d. whose (答案：d) e. when 作时间状语:when =介词 + which& she will never forget the day when (=on which) she was married. f. where 作地点状语& where& = 介词 + which & i want to know the place where (= in which) i was born. g. why 作原因状语, 其先行词常常是the reason. why = for which & that is the reason why(= for which) i&m late. 2. 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。 1. i prefer shoes that are cool. &&&&& 2. i like a pizza that is really delicious. 3. 有时只能用 that , 不用 which, 常见的情况有六种： 1).当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing ,或被它们修饰时。 that&s all that i know.&&& is there anything that i can do for you? 2).当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰that is the most interesting book that i have ever read. 3).当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修饰时。 that&s the only thing that i can do now.&& these are the very words that he used. 4).当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 who. who is the girl that spoke to you just now?&& which is the pen that you lost ? 5).先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that. the man and his dog that i always meet are standing by the gate. 6).当关系代词在从句中作表语时。 china is not& the country that it was. 4. 只用 which ,不用that 的情况： 1).关系代词前有介词时。 this is the cage that / which polly lives in. = this is the cage in which(where) polly lives . 2).先行词本身为 that.& the clock is that which tells the time. 3). 在非限制性定语从句中。 his english, which used to be poor , is excellent now.& 定语从句专项练习 1.sorry, we don&t have the coat ________ you need. & a. what&&&& b. who&&& c. whom&&& d. which 2.this is the dictionary ________ mum gave me for my birthday. & a. which&&& b. what&&& c. whose&& d. whom 3.do you know the man ________ is sitting behind nancy? & a. what&&& b. which&&& c. who&&&& d. whom 4.the book ________ he bought yesterday is very interesting. & a. /&&&& b. why&&&& c. when&&&& d. what 5.i have found some pictures of the most interesting places ________ you can visit during the winter holidays. & a. where&&&& b. which&&& c. what&&& d. that 6.i&d like to tell you about the table manners ________ you should know when you visit korea. & a. which&&&& b. who&&& c. what&&&& d. how 7.i shall never forget those years ________ i lived on the farm with the farmers, ________has a great effect on my life. a. who&&&&&&&&& b. which&&&&& c. that&&&&&&& &&d. which & 8.is oxygen the only gas ________ helps fire burn? a. that&& &&&b. /&&&& c. which&& &d. it& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 9.is ________ some german friends visited last week? & a. this school&&&&&&&& b. this the school&&&&& c. this school one&&&& &d. this school where & 10.---what kind of music do you like?&& ---i like music ________ has great lyrics. && a. that& &&&b. what& &&c. who& &&&d. whose 11.that is the only thing ________ i bought from the supermarket. && a. which&& b. that&&& c. what&&&& d. where 12.the place ________ interested me most was the children&s palace. && a. which& b. where&& c. what&& d. in which 13.the computer ________ last week has gone wrong. && a. which i bought it&&&&& b. i bought&&&&& c. what i bought&&&&&&&& d. i bought it 14.that is the poor boy ________ father died in a traffic accident last year. && a. who&&& b. whom&&& c. whose&& d. which 15.do you know the girl ________ is standing under the tree? a. who&&&& b. whom&& c. which&& d. where 16.is the woman ________ talked to our teacher yesterday your mother? && a. who&&&& b. whom&& c. which&&& d. what 17.the young lady ________ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher. && a. what&& b. whose&&& c. whom&& d. which 18.i like to live in a house ________ is big and bright. a. that&&&& b. who&&&&& c. how&&&& d. why 19.i hate people ________ talk much but do little. a. whom& &b. which&&& c. who&&& d. when 20.i am one of the boys ________never late for school.& a. that is&& b. who are& c. who am& d. who is 21.mr green, there is someone at the front desk ________ would like to speak with you. && a. he&&& b. who&&& c. which&&&& &d. whom 22.i love the small village ________ i was born. && a. that&& b. which&& c. where&&&& d. whose 23.here comes the girl ________ handwriting is the best in our class. && a. which&& b. whose&& c. that&&&& d. who 24.my parents usually buy me some simple clothes ________ can last a long time. && a. who&& b. that&&&& c. whom&&& d. whose 25.---is the girl ________ is interviewing the manager of that company your friend? & ---yes, she is a journalist from cctv. && a. whom&& b. which&&& c. who&&& d. whose 26.---do you know everybody ________ came to the party? && ---no, i don&t know the one________ you had a long talk with near the door. && a./&&&&&&& b. that&&&& c. which&&& d. /; whom 27.the boy________ won the first prize is called roy. && a. when&&& b. whom&& c. who&&& d. which 28.children like houses ________ are painted in different colours. && a. which&&& b. they&&&& c. those&&& d. what 29.do you think most students prefer tests ________ have easy questions? && a. who&&&& b. where&& &&c. that&&&& d. it 30. he is one of the experienced engineers in this factory ________ hard work was repaid with the development of the factory. && a. where&& b. whose&&& c. in which&& d. that keys: 1-5 dacad& 6-10 adaba& 11-15babca 16-20 acacb& 21-25 bcbbc 26-30acaca
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文明上网,理智发言高中英语语法定语从句总复习
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定义：用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。
一、关系带词引导的定语从句
1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词
用于限制从句或非限制性从句
只用于限制性从句
代替人或物
Whose (=of whom)
Whose (=of which)
例１：This is the detective who came from London.
例２：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.
２．关系代词的用法
(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are burst into tears.（所有人都迸出眼泪。）
(2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。&&&
(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。
There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated.
(4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and &this 相似，并可以指人。例如：
He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.
&(5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。
&(6) which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有某种特征．品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以是限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。
(7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。
(8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。
(9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用 which。例如：Is there anyone here who will go with you?（在这的所有人中谁和你一起去？）
３．“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构
(1) “介词＋关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词“结构中的介词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等，关系代词只可用whom或 which,不可用 that 。
&(2) from where为“介词＋关系副词“结构，但也可以引导定语从句。例如：
We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town..
&(3) 像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.&（这是她曾今照顾的孩子。）
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
1．关系副词也可以引导定语从句
关系副词在从句中分别表示时间．地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。
2. that可引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因
That有时可以代替关系副词 when, where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因，在 that引导的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。
三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1．二者差异比较
限制定语从句紧跟先行词，引导词同先行词之间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词．关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。
2．关系代词和关系副词的选择依据
&(1) 弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分,作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语．宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。
3.&先行词与定语从句隔离
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。例如：
This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about..
四、As在定语从句中的用法
1. 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
（１）as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。
（２）as 也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于which。例如：
The elephant’s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.
&(３）the same… that与 the same …as在意思上是不同的。
2．As引导的非限制性定语从句的位置
as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面．中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如：As is expected, the England team won the football match.
五、英语定语从句专项练习
C. which&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. in which
B.to whichC.which&&& D.in which
B.it&&&&&&&& C.that&&&&&& D.which
C.in front of it&&&& &&&&&&&& D.in front of which
C.as&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.when
C.for whom to turn&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.for her to turn
C.what&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.that
C.to have been studying well；；
C.has come；；
C.where&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.that
C.which；；
C.what；；
C.which；；
B. whichC. it&&&& D. whose
高中总复习英语定语从句专项练习卷参考答案
1．答案：C 解析：where在此处引导定语从句。
2．答案：B解析：本题考查定语从句。that引导的定语从句又在从句中作spend的宾语。
3．答案：D 解析：由四个选项知该空格应填入定语从句的引导词，此句意义为：people were eaten by the tiger in the scene，所以先行词scene应该与介词in搭配。
4．答案：A 解析：关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰trousers，并在定语从句中作地点状语。全句意思为：在她擦手的裤子上留下了污迹。
5．答案：D
解析：从句意看，本题考查定语从句的用法，故首先排除C项。由于when在定语从句中只能作时间状语，而题干中的定语从句缺主语，因而排除B项；as与which引导非限制性定语从句时，which引导的定语从句只能放在主句之后，而as引导的定语从句可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，其中as表示“正如……那样”。as is often the case为固定词组，意为“这是常用的事；正如常见的情形”。全句意思为“正如平常一样，我们已经制订出了工作计划”。最佳答案D。
6．答案：B 解析：由题干的结构及内容看，逗号之前，应为非限制性定语从句，故选B项。全句意思为：“正如报纸上报道的那样，两国之间的谈判取得了进展。”若选A项，此句应为：It is reported in the newspaper that talks between the two...若选D项，此句应为：What is reported in the newspaper is that talks between the two...
7．答案：D 解析：whose谁的，“有许多人，他们的上网活动只是发送和接收电子邮件。”
8．答案：A解析：考查定语从句。where引导的定语从句，在从句中作状语。
9．答案：C解析：考查定语从句。through为介词提前，构成go to the wild through...。
10．答案：A解析：句子成分分析。第一个that引导宾语从句，第二个that引导定语从句，修饰the little。
11．答案：D解析：考查定语从句和省略。句中省略了in which引导定语从句在从句中作地点状语。
12．答案：C解析：“在这部电影中”斯皮尔伯格用了真实的演员而不是玩具，故用in which引导定语从句。
13．答案：A
解析：考查定语从句。all 为先行词，关系代词用that。
14．答案：D解析：考查非限制性定语从句； which引导非限制性定语从句指代前面整句话的意义。
15．答案：D解析：考查非限制性定语从句。in front of which“在……的前面”。
16．答案：A解析：考查定语从句。where引导定语从句修饰先行词 at the point。
17．答案：B解析：考查定语从句及省略。完整形式为： There is no one else (that/who)turn to sb.求助于某人。
18．答案：B解析：题意是“前年，东南亚部分地区遭遇了洪水灾害，至今人们还在受此影响”。由题中的逗号可以判定出句子的后半部分是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是floods。从句子的结构可看出，定语从句中只缺少定语，也就是说，先行词在从句中充当定语，所以引导词要用whose。
19．答案：B解析：本题考查定语从句；where引导定语从句，又在从句中作地点状语。
20．答案：B解析： where引导定语从句,what引导宾语从句。“在公司里我可以用到我所学的知识”。
21．答案：D解析：where引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，相当于in which。
22．答案：A解析：as引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如”，并在定语从句中作主语。
23．答案：A解析：后半句为非限制性定语从句，which指代前一分句的内容consider sb to be。
24．答案：C解析：含有 together with的介词短语只对主语起补充说明作用，对谓语动词不产生任何影响。where引导定语从句，where在从句中作状语。
25．答案：C解析：本题考查定语从句。关系副词在定语从句中作地点状语。本句中around作定语修饰a gas station。
26．答案：B 解析：本题考查冠词和定语从句的用法。time作“次数”解时，后接关系代词that引导的定语从句，即：This/It is the first/second...time that+从句；time作“一段时光（时期）”解时，其前用不定冠词，其后接关系副词when引导的定语从句，构成：There was/is a time when...。故选B。全句意思为：有这么一段时间，我不想去上学。
27．答案：A 解析：第二空是强调句型，强调的是状语in the very house。house后是定语从句，从句缺少主语，用that或which引导；由于house前有the very修饰，故只能用that引导。
28．答案：C 解析：在sb.do what one can to do结构中what one can是宾语从句，what后不可再使用关系代词；在sb.do everything/all(that)one can to do中，that one can是定语从句，该从句中只能使用关系代词that，everything/all that等于what；在以上结构中can后省略了动词do，动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。
29．答案：B 解析：第一个定语从句缺时间状语，因此第一空应该使用关系副词when；第二个定语从句缺主语，关系代词指代前面整句话，因此用which引导非限制性定语从句。
30．答案：D解析：考查定语从句。whose引导非限制性定语从句，whose指代our life journey，在从句中作定语修饰days。
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