对外经济贸易大学 硕士学位论文
業:处国透直坐鏖廛用语直堂 者;盟澎 师:煎室洼
写作时间:2QQ§!!Q二2Q妲:生
对外经济贸易大学 英语学院
在备种文本当中.窪重形式韵文学可以说是翻译当中一个难点.根据功能翻译学耀的目的理论文学 翻译的目的主要是保持原文的形式美。而基想传种而又准确地在译文中重现原文的形式不仅需要对两种语 言以及文化的糟避有时还需蔓译者进行剖造性的发挥.而修辞手法的盛用也是小说彤式韵重要组成部分。 汉语和英语修辞手法既有相同之处在用法和特点上又有所区别.在翻译的过程中璺遵守动态对等的原则 方面要把修辭手法的再现作为翻译优先考虑的困素,但另一方面也要考虑到语言在表达和文化上的差异 以确保译文能棼符合译入语的表达习惯. 本文鉯钱钟书的‘圉城)中、英文版本为蜘对文车中常用的六种修辞手法加以分类,并从语言学角 度对其构成机制予以说明从而为不同修辭手法的翻译提供了一个合理的语言形成的基础.此外,本文选 出了一些烧够反映典型何是的中英文倒句并从巷辞翻译的角度进行对比和丼析拽出译文所存在的不是并 加以修正,以期能够为皓辞的翻译提供一些具有参考价值的材料.最后.针对翻译中出现的问题本文对 具体的应对策略进行了概括的总结.
关键词:修辞翻译。形式对辱钱钟书,圈城
Among differcnt According
ty pesfom.focIIscd Jiterary Iex£S
di伍cunt0 translale?
of Iiterary lnnslation is skopos Iheory of tfansIation“fllnct如nausm,Ihc skopos
maintain the
e鲰t of sou吼texts
in协rget tcxts.T0 achieve this窖0allranslators
fequired not only to
have缸cx∞U鲫t comm锄d ofbo出l柚glIages and也e
exert簟eat iⅡ丑uence over山e laⅡguages,but als0
shaw lheir c弛atiVi【y iIl some cas髂?Tl地
is卸import柚t
c0唧_0sing me
ce埘nfeatⅢ%协commonbe坩een蚓曲姐d oinese
figurcs of spcechtbey is to keep tlle
have thcir fespective
weU.When仃锄sla£ing,t量Ie principlc
tl'e咖嘟te】【t:on
lhe彻c h卸dpriorjty
the reproduction 0f丘gIIres 0f sPeech;on tbe o也ef
reproduction of 69Ⅱre8
0t sDeechbYnome叩s shomdviol缸e
pfa蕊cesand孽卸mIat记啦mIesofta唱etlan印age?
Chine∞and EngI{sh vcrsi彻s
of而街懿占鄙f昭喊也is
thesis髓t。gonzes
thc mech卸ism commonlv used丘gllres of speech and explains linguistic
Ihem打om Ihe
meor毗c出.basls
conc蜘曲g也e协曲撕on《五guteS砸印e8ch
cstablish羽.MoreoveL呻i删Chinese龃d
ex锄pIes肿seledcd加d卸aly嚣d
comparatively'rcvisio衄哪de
fo衄也Finauya
gcne叫s㈣强mad。
specific stra魄如s
be adopted.
tr蛆sIamⅡof姆l瑚of
equjValeⅡce; ch’ien
Chung.8hu;№
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
tllat naw this thesis is accomplished
condIlsion of wha【I haVe lcarIled
yeafs Of my post graduate progfam.n is omy the enthusi鹤tic
hdp蛐d Valuable
expenise幽佗d by my supcⅣi∞f'Profe婚0r J如阮柚口o that makcs the accomplishIIlent of
thesis删ble.I
he枷elt乎atiludc
hilnwho spar鹊no effort in
eIIliglltening
aIld inst邝cting us、^,ith his
into translation and
enlditi0Ⅱin础thodology
sh俏煳髂躯a∞le model in蚴demic
masterpieoeo脚嚣8es妇耐deserve my孕atefDlness
is the dcHcate丘gllres of speech柚d
of speech? mysclf to the study of 11le translation of丑gures
alsowould№to e耻豁my appred撕oⅡtowards myfamily’whichhas alwaysbeenofmy
supp0丸My mum
overⅡIe,which
me to put越l
ef60rts in the、Ⅳriting.
Finall弘1 wollld like
pfovi曲喀co璐岫lctive sllg鲈snon
April 192006
of Speech in
mranslating肋,由Tss曰船趣g耐
Lit盯ary translaIion is ta:ken
di衢cundem卸ding
and po骚ibly rewarding
aU廿anslati咖s
due to Ihe fact thaI山e featllfes of l“emry texts exhibited ill ingenious figIlres
0f sp∞clI,deliberate wDrding
and鲥ginal埘柚gement
s叽ct叫eall of
style servillg certain aesthetic purpose,are embedded with linguistic poinIs alld culturaI
back印und咄毗totllesourceLan昏塘ge(sL)thatisVery diffi礎tobetr趿妣“edinto me
re∞砌%on王itemry translation
study衄the劬mslati∞0f figllr酷of
e饪啦oyed iII litefary£exts.F.gllrcs of
speechan ilnportant pan of fhet西c,郴丽dely IIsed iIl
indispen蚰bie fbnna王eiements afId sfrengtIIen
the expressive e丘bct and a鸭thetic Value of literary
the oth虹har旧however,也ey
also like da玎gcf0鸺他efs ill thc∞a
of咖shdon intoⅥ血ich咖sI咖rs啦en hock
ships(tr明slated wofb)d狮aged(defccted).
b∞ad髓senseis
the aft of tlle ar£of
expre镐}ve speech
dis【Ⅺu璐e,pIincipIes粕d mlcs 0f
Htenry伽pos城仰and,0f
pmct毗of wfinng
a眦ans ofommunication她怕f persuasion
1itemry e矗奄d.1n this 11l髓is,howeVefJ the s∞se of rhetoric wnl be
na玳1wed downtothc art锄d pradicc
ofwriting淞a鹏柏s
of咖叫i∞n∞悄th sp哪al
oonc唧s蕾皤Iiterary e西巴c【giv叽that what 1Ⅳi:Il be di∞ussed
L丑nguagcis amir】for 0fthe
s倒丘c锄t sensc.nis
product ofhu扛蛆n
intelligence,crcated anew in each individ口al by op盯ati咖s that 1ie f壮beyond tIle wm
consdousn嘴.(aloms虹1975p.34)T1Iis
demo邶拄ates de盯ly how dosely
l粕gIla驴is co衄ected
with nlind.Fig叮es of speech,no matter IIscd In spoken 1aIlgllage
l矾gIIagefIlⅡction鹅me柚s
achieVe thc purpo∞of
c6咖unication.This prescribes
that they wiu be of∞rvice to the instnlaions dictated by mind t0 communicalc with purposes and thus will be llndertremendous iIInuence of mind.Minds,howcVeL
l蛳guage.H1瓶她Ininds
s础la血ies in∞鲫itive modelsbul they
0f tllinHng style
iIlnuence of di由£ercnt舳tufal
enVironments勰d
cultural b{圮kgrounds.
comes contrastiVe rhetoric'which irIlo TT
haIld explains why il seems the aesthecic
inIpl龃t矗g盯es of印∞ch
while眦intailling
e虢ct锄d inte埘on
adoptiⅡg them in
h卸d,provides璐研th
suggestio璐飙d0r tIints
lhat廿&璐latofs wiu be abIe
attenti叽Io the mmSlati锄
speech.M0d啪contrastiVe
o触阳f刀loⅡ班忍蜘懈跏肺er_cⅡ地r4f E出∞砌I,.m
which血e several pa壮erIls of
stude吣’English
academic es髓ys were i小心s垃gated姐d nBmber 0f
exaInination of
intemabonal stlldentshis丘nding was that iⅡtemadonaI students whOse natiVe langu89es were
displaycd fhetorical
unlike those of na廿Ve
En酉iSh speaker
stIldents.As
resllIt,he culIuraIly
prDpos酣mat peoplc from d调hem c11ltIl陀s thought
and wrote by
l喇c(K印laII'Roben B1966,p.1一卿.
缸categ砸z酣by l(atha血a
m脑k砌l删如咖一强e p枷砌b&
工拥lf4l如嬲(2004,p31)l“眦fy
unconsdously for
speci丑c aestllctic o丘ect.k IiteraI)r
transl“oⅡ,the f0咖al componcms
flIDction not mercly猫a
mea雎0f咖m仰i髓吐ng mc
artis此stnlctlIrc'but als0卸aesthetic value.ThereforeIr蛐slators,whcn tr蛆slating
corrcsponding impression,so
the“彻sjatj叩can
equjval删t.As卸inlpoftanl fb曲al cmponem 0f
tr柚sla虹0n 0f figl】∞s 0f speech is
exceptional
circumstance.
FD脚韶丑嚣i号占甜姐d
translated魄tby
and N砒han K―
Maois chosen asthe subjec£of my
studyin岫1)触ionis alite卿如吼wheretigu‘锚d
sDeech撒commonly
adoptedboth
a鹪thetic value,1nvo王【ing gfeal
en{ovment f如m readers锄d indi∞te in
subne maIulef authof’s intentiOn?Tllis means more
c吼befou“onthe
of触ional啪slation?2)觚胁ie列i8
considefed devised of
of the best modem lhat
hum邮umquely
mtaphors,h”erb01es
in姆in昏眦ensⅣe employ咄nt
also presents with its cornbined wi如sevcral矗gllres of speech thcse
hleidDscomc world of rheIo此.While
0f great aesmetic Valuethey a】so makc 1t
ven,d嘲cuI‘for
reb血d矾a1090us
f0邮in竹so tha¨鹕et
readefs may
铘e暾nce她镪汹嘴嫩鹾appm撼gthcscfe眦坞sm哑西删蚴姆J髓哪Keny
Version删IilaMe sofaLThough
rcco印i60璐at homc and abfoad,so硼【c
trallsIated 8egment5
gra嘲a垃cal orⅡot cl嘲ply魄winllhe啦le ofs删∞e Text(∞?觚划舛cal 8眦yon
tIIe composition
0flingl】i幽cscunmIe and
thcsis pllilosoptli∞l tllought iⅡthis in
mat possible
that hiⅡdcr succe鼯fIll translaⅡon
t锄s of fi{;ures 0f speech in
may be fo强d and ca£e{prized?Hopefll址y,some relanve
ロractical will
be Pm、dded and
t啪slation mom in acordan∞们th
Chapter l LiteratIIre ReView and
Metllodology
TIIis stIldy is conducted丘Dm山e pefspecliVe ofⅡtefary translation in
speech.1here五筐e,rhetorical theodes w_ill be印pUed幻define and demarcate subjeds studied.compositional m优h翘isⅡ塔0f
di觑rent矗glIres
be anaJ)俚ed in dose
c0曲ection w沛lingllistic
systelnatic cxplananons caIl be made
abo毗the dif6ercnccs betw∞n丘gIlres of speech
I锄gIlagcs.The fIlfldionalequivalent
tmsIa吐on wm wmk
of瞄nng cmcria
translatiOns.
1.1.1 Po骚ibmty
(’hineSe and
of didlerentlaIlgIlage systems.Tremendous gaps e姐scbetween tllem of word
in tcrms of word
composnion,ch缸ges
f0眥syntactic
and word ordeL
Though thc practicc debates over
of仃甜略蜥蚀h撼been in e硝sten∞for oVef烈,Clo ye哪duriI鸣山at t王me,
be adoptcd iⅡtlle p阳cti∞have
ccased.As w勰claimcd by
勋dc仃anslation
basj∞Ⅱy possjble oIlly№∞潞e出ere
be咐ecⅡl卸glIag皓伽
kn弘P 0勰gllage弱a systeIn)(鼬de,1964p.137鼯listed
uniVersally
thac it is di丘iclIIt t0
t咖slate,especiaⅡy
wheⅡlitcrary
concemed.FIDm
Iinguisdc point of vieW’lite豫ry l粕guage is defined硒de“ant nDm me
of everyday communi∞tion Or够the creative
of the potential Of the l姐guagc
syslem against which饼dinary langIlage literary l卸g岫gc has whjch may jndjcate in
fepfe∞n瞧a reduction.1t is deafly assuIned that
o咖otatiVeexpressive叫a鹪thclic meani】唱《i协awn’
sUblJe way the autllor’s
IangIlage―embellislIing toolare comr∞Illy uscd iIl
lit咄y l粕gIlage
rein】;0rce the aesm砸c
value aIld,very oftenalS0 to convey me autllor’s
intemions.例na柚d
English.speaking
countries have Very
di此删n histories,c咖~entionsliving
cnvifo哪ents觚d
understandirIg,all of which
renected in di丘色rent choices of
and o‘hcr丘gurcs of
speech?IrI addition
thismc words llsed jn
Chjn嚣e卸d En91jsh
word collocation;words
oftcn can’t丘nd山eir
identically equivalen£me姐ings in tllc ocher.As a∞sult,ill Cllinese卸d Englishthcre
figures sharing similar natu亿that
di丘erent in stnldllfe柚d/or contems in which
be used.Desp“e all these still
di伍clllncs,most丘g盯es
of speedl置陀quently adopted iil Chin鹤e
find theif count叩arts in
E吲ish.so,study
similari慨beMeen
C上Iinese柚d English fig叫瞄of sp∞ch will help translators
删ly“ans】ale th锄jn|o姆l
bccter undcrstand is
1hts cTl).An ide越“弛slafion
jnto whjch the
e疵d madc柚d intenn∞s
conveyed in thc ST by figllres of speech
Rheto―c has alwaysbeen
pIayjng吼油ponam
pan in也e p『0ccss of
tr卸slation.―噶is
tbe埘Dce硒js b船jca¨y∞mposod of
s括g5:∞mpr曲eIlsion如d
rep刚ucdon.The f0衄ef
lanef砌le the lattcf
Inaccllrate∞Ⅱlprch明sjon
will inevitab王y resl吐t iIl
inaccu糟te feproduction.hl∞I∞∞ses,we cannot pu荭le ollt the
m咖ir唱of tlIe
bcca璐e wc havc∞hawledge about tlle figIlr髑of sp∞ch employed in it.MO∞oveL
we l【Ilow what me rhetod髓l device indicat骼“taI【髑reaI c压ons to maintai且both the
and meaning 0f it
equival∞£a%mc血Value姐d。0mmllni训oⅡal
function compIying
耐th TTc卸be s∞∞鹞fllny缸锄彘矾d.
1.I.2.1 I地et0一c
and“t哪ry髓xts
Rhetoricor the
of嘣ktiVe communica曲n,、地cther
spokcn-.Was
comerstone of classical edIlcation.In nIe c押ilization 0f铷1cient Greece and Romeit was the a∞deⅢic discipline that gllided tlIe skiufIll pf0‘luction孤d
crit砌evalua曲n of
discourse iII
aU its usual settings‘?in law c0Ⅲts,in commerce and Ihe prof璐sionsin cereⅢoniaI∞atory,ill
diplomacy and pubhc relationsin cultural and pol“icaI debate.
hl his innuentiaI treatise 0n the
subject,Ad蜘Ⅱe(384?322
BC)defined rhetoric
洳卿抽g似以嘲曲面gJ’抽4掣gl囮n嘲坡fiH,聃e
m口st批cfy me口船o彤蚪∽sfon.
Arist0Ⅱe taught that thefe、Vere t11rce elements of communication:tlle sp明ke‘tlle audience,
thr∞parIs,0ne 0n∞ch
of fhetoIic.His theoretical、vritingstogether wnh tlle speeches of his
∞ntemporary Demosthen豁(384-322 BC)蚰d
spceclI酷如d wmIm擎of
(10643 Bc)柚d 0ui眦nli柚(35―95 AD),∞n蚯tutc
in tIle field aIld
basis姐d台锄ewoTk for aU鲫bsequ%“:0ntribImo璐to the如bject.
fIlnd锄e“tal prindples and pradi嘲ins磅ts
disciplille-.e.g.抛c妇‘醣
歸rc咖6抛cnnc妇弓扫e删聊Ji口咖一-remain
Valid舡Id璐eful today
wc”眦nty?four
centlIries a90.Moreove‘these priIlciples have been soudly
conf蛔cd by坤∞nt
psycholing匝s她,seIni矾器锄d cogni西e sd%ce?-氍elds
mat have∞ntributed
underslanding of haw humans actuany and
le枷,spealc'writcsolVe problems,f0珊
im峭ions姐d伽mtlnic砒e.王两)ecially
fast巾搬d age of clectr∞ic media
communicati∞sh仰ld be
more valu8ble th卸eveL
Uterary tens鹏uaⅡy re也r to f.cbonaI objects
ph蜘omc∞whose fela廿。璐hip with re“ty
is not one―t0_0ne.But tllc main criterion for assessiIlg jf
t懿£c姐be∞te90慨d船
lite删可is ratherthe
coilldlles耐th
ways in wIIich readers make me corr鼯pondillg associations.To achieve the purposeliterary
tens 0ft曲use visualized thinldng style
build imag皓∞as to坨ned the compli∞Ied wofld
mental movements iII t00l
de试1,which makes images蹰d
hum粕c0咖uIIi∞ti伽l锄gIlagc
fullction of imaginary
thou曲t.1Ms rh曲mc
thirIl【ing style is
the utni∞tion of woTld mat both
laqgllage whcre
is trequently adopted
eVokes readc娼’intensts t0 divc into
it卸d coincidcs埘lh
t量le rcal world t0 a。cnaill dcgree.
1.1?2.2AC口mparativeStlldyofEn窖lIshRhetoricandChiI地seRheto―c
IIl thjs th骼isa
study between
and Chinese in terms of fhetoric
诵ll be∞nducted.As
is concc玎Ied,it may inciude var{ous
lexical rhelorics”taclic rhetoric,rhetoric 0f
fhctoric 0f
t既t觚d五gIlres
Of speech.The comparatiVe studybased
these segments,involves tlle syⅡcllrOnic study Of macr0 basis in the of
m毗hodologiestraditions,psychology佃a
East锄d Wbst强d
tlle study of
struc吣al o曙柚i臻tionscxpfcssive
means,£珏;Ilres
speech姐d styl∞on a蛐cf0 basjs.But
the compa雎吐ve study of石gllf鹊of spcech卸d锄aly2e the English
F研抛iB船f昭耐in comparison
1.1.2.3黜pmduc6舳ofA嚣thetlc E旅cIs
in“te隋ry 1h耐a虹佃
Accord吣to Rci鼹,也etnⅡsIIlissionof血e predo血柚t缸nc曲n of龇STis也e detennin崦 fa咖f by which
jⅡdgcd.While
tra砸18衄岛sped矗c咖堪lation
methods shollId be
l砌slator according t0
Rciss(1971:54-88)al∞Us拓a
in仃a?li唧istic柚d e】【tra-li掣is血ins圩uclion州teria
0faTrn扭ybe硝螂sed.1慨e眦:
intra.1illguis如crit喇a:se咖ticle虹cal,毋煳atical
2.ex协卜liⅡguistic ait瓯a:s诹latbnsubje谯6eId,血粥ph∞,他ceiVersend髓and‘缸fe吐he
cype t血eofy,lhefe a弛b船i髓妇y 3 lyp髂of text.Il is more
cexlsnamely伽te丑£《bc邺ed她‘
fo咖’focllsed
tcxt壮d appeaI-foc晒ed
import如t for
the妇nslation of a
fbrm.妣used te艰ttl蛐in
content《0cused text,where transla60n of its
semantic value alone
will be sumdent.Inasmuch硒the su巧ect of study is delimited
attention、viU be focllsed
text咖e hcfeh
As the name ot也e text h鹊indicatcd’ more
forIrI iS what foml.focIlsed texts put stress on.These texts express
eIements,including syntactical traits
weU酗rhyme schemescomparatiVe and figIJfa虹Ve manners of spcaking’
pr0Verbs and
metapho璐讲ida’1964p.94)shollId
tlle SL into che TL without ally is to achieve
cIlief requirement
rep【0duc曲n o“he‘0fical e脏ct tllrough
c柚be d锄e by
creating equiValents
new forrIlS.The TT of
aestlletic柚d anislicform ofthe ST,sotIIattlle∞sthetic e位cI While
reproducedinthe耵.
dyn锄ic砒thod、vith the
st姐dpoilItofthc
lII tlIis pan,meories the litefary
fhetodc’tr眦slation姐d Unguisncs州U be印plicd f缸the蚰alysis
tr锄sI缸ion in
Of 69盯鹤0f spcccII.
As daimed by some 茧rom I阻印e
Post-M0d咖istsco址emporary
rheIodc h硒shmed恼foc璐of study
omtion 10 wfiting.Mo∞ave‘“∞ems that“has taken all
瑚dttcn,couo舢al
co姗蛐icati0㈣tD
it8 scope of s沁dy.0n the o出cf
hoWw扎rhetoric啪be
fI】_nh盯dj_“ded hno bmad rhctorical cont甑t and n&盯ow
context.I№f0咄r involves
text,style粕d ty即
of wnting while t}他laltef
mainly∞lK}ms n皓application 0f figIl碍s
figllres of
speech(余立兰1985,p3).Asstudy on右gⅢes 瓶da
0f speechh舔alwaysbeenthekey ofrheIoric
comparison of spcd丘c五gIlfes of sp∞ch is e硒icr co
ope髓她so this
papcr wiu be
focuscdon盎gures 0fspce曲。
1.2?lo C墨te窖od翳of Ft弘t嚣啦Speech
Figures of speech can be
grossly吼teg嘶zed嬲:1)Lcxical
figtlr皓of speecb:2)syntacIical
p印erthefoc蜗of蛆由sis咄 be naIrowed downIofigIl他s 0f speechIIIatm prcvalentin砌饥鄹鼬咖甜,the subjectof
si砌e,舭tapho‘metonymy'personifica曲nhyper晰e
and p帆,which耵e
棚underIhe f洳t
categQry because tbcy are五gIlr邸of印eech tbat work
1.2.2 ThⅡslation Theories
Tr蚰sladon“action
w锚proposed by Holz-M菪ntt苴ri.II
theory and adion theory with
c}le豳呜besides othe璐of
卸d guiddines aPplicable
wide rarIge of profe骆ional
t咖slational
ac廿ons.Tf姐slati0Ⅱal
purpose-dfivcn,out∞me叼riented
human inte强cdon aIld focuses
compo班lds involv扭g
inte_[}cu王tu瞄
tr龃sfeL TranSIadonal
acti锄咖s∞vcfy
much锄pfodⅡci】ng
TT th址is fIlnc虹onally gen球of the rr
commuⅡicative for the recciVer.Tbis me柚sfof
exa唧le,that
guided by What is fIlnccionauy slIitable in the
11L叫t町e阳m盯th蛐by啪rely
copying thc s.r
Wh砒is funcIi油alIy鼬il西Me h蝎to be
who js che expen jn
t咖sla“onal卵d0Ⅱ柏d
whose mle is to mal∞su坤that
the如t刪lluraI
咖sfer tal【cs place sads蟊蛇tQfily.h tlle
pfodu砸on of TL
illco(a)facttlal infor蚰tion and嘞oVerall c0咖如icative
into(8)tefnlinolo掰and秭cohesive elements。
IIl fhe 1970sHalls ‘purpose’,as
illtrduced
s蛔pos,which
is tlIe G阼ek wofd for‘ajm’of
tecllnical tefm for tlle purpose 0f
a咖slation粕d of the action of t瑚slat抽g
intQ㈣sla蛀0n曲哆Sk叩0s thcofy
fbcllses above all
the pu印ose ofthe tr粗Slation,
whjch detemIiIles tIle“柚slation methods柚d stratcgies that produce
to be employed in orderto
fIlnctionaUy adeq∞te resultnamely the TL Thercfofe,in skopos Ihe0啦l【11awing
why anSTisto betr如slated卸dwhatthcfun髓ion oftherrwill becmciaIformetr如sIator.
ofinforma£ionin atarget cllIture andTL
conceming强伍盯ofi舡brmalioniIl
sour∞cllInIre粕d SLItisimportantin£hac“rclat船
their∞拿pe商ve linguistic锄d
tf柚出atof is
a舒dn the hy play盯iIl
int酬tu噍I c0衄ulIica曲n
production 0fIheTT-
Nord’s Te】【c Analysis in n缸slaIion
model of s1’觚由sis
aU text types
and“锄sl砒ion
situatio酗.The modeI is b龉ed
fIlnmona王concepI,enabHng tmderst衄ding
of the fllnction of ST
fe毗ures蛆d也e selecⅡon
nlc intended pIlrpose
of£he仃蛆sl越ion.№棚shares many
precondino艏ofReiss柚d
v舶eer'but pays more atteⅡ60n to features ofthe St f0】mrd
tlle fIlnctional tlIcofies
these thrce fundionalists at
tim%a common pe璐pectⅣe is made勰f打as litcmry tra璐lation is concemed:the u协沁st purpose
oflitemrytmsl呦nisthe rep州ucb∞oftllcf0眦ofsTinTr鹅Utemr),texts珊
f缸雒f加订黜删e占耐is c0附加edll量e priori啦shollld be giVen reprodudjon of蛔h哪mu8 eff酏慨which越e mosny composod of c他at量"a珥Ilj髓don of
VariO鹏丘gu船of
1.222 Equ押aI蚰朋a珏d
As、朔s mentioned in 1.1.2.3,prioricy
tlle equiValent creatiQn 0f
Ihssi拙.bom Amcrican
stnl咖ralist R咖如Jak0由∞n first
f0Ⅱows me∞ladon
out by sa啦su陀becween che
signi丘ef(che spclkcⅡ觚d w矗t咖sj鲫a王)
雅d血e si鲷ified(me concept si弘i丘ed)tllc珏poin担0ut that‘‘mcre is ordinarily
equivale噼be嘲een
wo】出ill d近erent
l卸guages.”(Jakobson,195蛇000p?114).In
Jakobson’s description,tfanslation in、olves鲫bs垃tutiIlg mess犍=es in
separate words but如f emire m船sagcs in some othef lang咖喀e:thc
tr柚slat叫㈣dcS粕d
transIIlits
message receivcd
source.Thus trimslation inVolVcs two equiValent
in附o di蜘rent∞des(JakobsoII
195蛇000'p.114).Ac00rding to thjs,舭us is
oⅡdi££erences in the s岫lcturc矾d temliIlology of l矗‘lg岫g皤rath髓than
inability of
messa薛malh鸽b∞n wTi“en iII如oth盯I柚guag口.
1Il lhis t11esisequiva王ence is interpreted
the eqlliVal。nt
r印rod删on of丘gur龉of specch.
So,in TT“meaIls
reproduction of figurcs of speech alId oIher exprcssiVe features that
c啪posethelitefafyform ofsT.But也e唧roduct沁is not
equival髓t transpl锄ta曲n试山lingIIiscic觚d cIlitural岫dition
adjustmencwmbcmdc、柚e把山elite棚[yfo衄ofsllcon岫djcts withIhen:
Un即枷c n凹rie8
According to
sem姐tic analysis of(;eo册ey Leech出e a豁odatiVe meaIli]ng
mentaI皿derst卸din簪0f
the spcal【er Howcvc‘in this
tllesis the越sociative m拍njng is used t0柚缸yze the thin虹ng pattcm of autho俗when
印plying c0Ⅱlpafison'pe巧on伍c撕on如d sem趾tic
m‘0nymy.Ba∞d
similar sem柚tic
fidds,as∞石ative邮alIing m柚s
temp眦Iy associa曲n
be眦en也e 0bjecbto be dePi咖d强d也eo坷cds卸cho璐丘ndto share simil越featWes
f0咖eL The more
u曲xpcctcd the船sociation secm互ngly
bethc be仕er the e伍cct wiⅡbe
achi“ed wh明i“s口rov蛐t0
}2001年麻省理工学院宣布将其几乎全蔀课程资料发布到互联网上供全世界互 联网用户免费使用,随后耶鲁、哈佛等大学也加入其中他们共同组成了国际开放 课件联盟,并朂终发展成为一场国际开放教育资源运动开放课程运动开展的同时 也伴随着相应的翻译活动,英文的公开课被翻译成了西班牙语、葡萄牙语等多种语 言公开课的汉语翻译始于2003年,但直到2010年初配有双语字幕的课程视频 形式才开始出现在互联网上,受到网民的热烈欢迎茬从2010年初到2011年10 月不足两年的时间里,翻译出的课程超过13l门约1500多集,形成了一股译介 热潮;现如今该翻译活动仍在火热进行之中公开课嘚翻译活动是_种新的翻译现 象,具有较好的研究价值但在笔者的资料收集范围内,到目前为止中国大陆对此 现象进行研究的学术论文尚無一篇因此本论文尝试对其进行深入、系统的探讨。 本研究的理论视角是翻译主体性翻译主体性包括能动性、受动性、为我性三 个方媔。创作者、译者、接受者、发起人、评论人是不同性质的主体在翻译活动 中发挥着互不相同的主体性作用:同时他们还以主体间性的方式存在,相互合作 相互交流。翻译主体研究虽是近几年来译学界的研究热点但也存在一些不足,本 论文以查明建、田雨等有关翻译主体性的论述作为理论基础对公开课翻译活动进 行解读和探讨。 论文对公开课在中国的翻译活动进行了简介尝试性地将它分为三个阶段,并 从翻译主体性的视角对这一翻译现象进行研究国外教育工作者作为创作主体,发 挥其能动性创作出优秀的教育资源,并克服各種限制将其免费发布到互联网上; 译者作为不同语言的翻译转换主体,发挥能动性克服字幕类视听文本给译者带来 的特殊限制,并在互联网环境下形成了不同于传统翻译组织的特殊组织方式;广大 网民作为接受主体主动热情地观看学习公开课;媒体作为评论主体,对公开课翻 译活动进行了积极正面地报道由于这些主体具有把国外教育资源译介到中国的共 同目的,他们互动交流、相互合作研究发现,借助互联网他们的互动交流比以 往更加便捷。文章最后还对公开课翻译活动对翻译的影响进行了思考。 通过分析,本文认为只囿既对各个主体不同性质的主体性进行分析,又对他
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