固相微萃取—气相色谱质谱法同时检测生活饮用水中22种半挥发性有机物的研究--《城镇供水》2016年06期
固相微萃取—气相色谱质谱法同时检测生活饮用水中22种半挥发性有机物的研究
【摘要】：研究了固相微萃取(SPME)/气质联用法(GC-MS)同时检测水中22种半挥发性有机物的分析方法。选择聚丙烯酸酯(85um PA)萃取纤维,对SPME的条件包括水样的p H、离子强度、萃取时间和GC/MS的条件进行了优化,深入的研究了各组分的线性关系、线性范围、最低定性定量浓度、重现性和回收率。方法用软件DRS对全扫质谱图的解析定性最低质量浓度在(0.02~0.60)μg/m L;用特征离子定量的最低检测浓度为(0.001~0.200)μg/L;线性都能达到0.99以上,相对标准偏差为3.5%~17.0%,回收率为52%~138%。该方法操作简单快速,检测结果可靠,样品需要量少,且利用率高,特别适合在应急检测时快速对多种有机物进行定性和定量分析。
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【分类号】：R123.1;O657.63【正文快照】：
《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB)涉及的有机项目共52项,可用气相色谱检测的项目有43项,其中26项属于挥发性有机物,17项(实际涉及22个单项)属于半挥发性有机物。挥发性项目样品前处理方法可采用顶空或者吹扫捕集,效果很好。目前实验室在测定水中半挥发性有机物时,主要采用
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自动固相萃取-高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定生活污水中13种抗精神病药物
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固相萃取-液相色谱-离子阱二级质谱法同时测定饮用水中多种痕量有机污染物
建立了高效液相色谱-离子阱二级质谱法同时测定饮用水中内分泌干扰物、农药残留和阿烯酰胺等15种痕量有机污染物的方法.250mL水样先用C18固相萃取柱富集,经梯度洗脱液相色谱分离,采用时间分段的方法确定各组分质谱检测条件,利用离子阱二级质谱进行测定.所检测的15种有机污染物定量线性关系良好,相关系数为0.8,检测限在0.2～20ng/L之间.在低、中、高3个不同加标水平下,实际水样的加标回收率为75.1%～99.5%,相对标准偏差为4.6%～12.3%.该方法成功用于5种小同来源饮用水样的检测,获得了满意结果.
Yan Liushui
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南昌航空大学环境与化学工程学院,南昌,330063
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万方数据知识服务平台--国家科技支撑计划资助项目（编号：2006BAH03B01）(C)北京万方数据股份有限公司
万方数据电子出版社目的:总结局部注射、小针刀配合推拿治疗肩周炎的治疗效果。方法:回顾性分析个旧市人民医院疼痛科2009年10月～2012年2月资料完整的肩周炎100例的治疗效果。结果:100例病人中女性66例,男性34例,年龄45～78岁,病程15d～1年。结论:小针刀疗法具备创伤小、痛苦小、见效快、无毒副作用以及近远期疗效好等优点,它已经逐渐成为广大慢性软组织损伤疾病的首选治疗方法。在小针刀疗法的基础上配合局部痛点注射、推拿疗法治疗肩周炎,能够明显提高综合疗效。的翻译是:
普通高校公共音乐课的开设是国家教育政策和培养合格人才理念的客观要求,美育是大学生德育工作的重要内容。应以多元化公共音乐课程的构建为目标,以激发学生兴趣、调动学生内在动机和需求为原则,以加强师资队伍建设为基础,以完善普通高校公共音乐课教学评价体系为保障,以此实现普通高校公共音乐课的发展愿景。的翻译是:College public music lesson start is the national educational policy and objective demand of trained qualified personnel idea, the aesthetic education is the important content of university student moral education. Should take the construction of multiplex public music curriculum as the goal, takes stimulating the student interest, transferring the student interior motive and demand as the principle, takes strengthening the teaching faculty construction as the foundation, takes improving the college public music lesson teaching-evaluating system as to safeguard, realizes the college public music lesson development prospect by this.
通过对徐州市宣武市场的物流现状进行物流系统优化研究,为其物流发展模式由现在的现货交易+传统物流发展阶段向半虚拟操作+配送物流阶段转变,最后进入虚拟交易+物流网络阶段提供建议。的翻译是:Through conducted the logistics system optimization to the logistics condition in Xuzhou Xuanwu market, transforms by the present spot transaction + traditional logistics development phase to half pseudo operation + allocation logistics stage for its logistics development pattern, finally was in the virtual transaction + logistics network stage to provide the suggestion.
环向折线形单层球面网壳的基本结构体系兼有单、双层球面网壳结构的受力特性,且节点为铰接,是一种新型的静定空间桁架结构.为改善结构受力、满足构造要求,可在基本结构体系基础上增设内圈环杆.本文对内圈环杆加强的环向折线形单层球面网壳结构进行了全跨、半跨荷载下的静力加载试验,并将试验数据与理论分析结果进行对比.分析结果表明:该结构具有良好的受力性能,试验数据与有限元分析结果之间的差异较小,理论分析正确.的翻译是:The link has at the same time the list and stress characteristics of double-decked spherical surface network shell structure to the basic structure system of broken line shape monolayer spherical surface network shell, and node is a hinge, is a new statically determinate space truss structure. , Meets the structure request for the improvement structure stress, may additionally build the inner loop eye-balt in the basic structure system foundation. This article to the broken line shape monolayer spherical surface network shell structure has conducted entire cross, static loading test under half cross load to link that inner loop eye-balt strengthened, and tentative data and theoretical analysis result compares. The results analysis indicated: This structure has good stress performance, the tentative data and difference between the finite element analysis results is small, the theoretical analysis is correct.
[目的]为菠萝蛋白酶降解壳聚糖制备壳寡糖提供工艺参数和科学依据。[方法]用DNS比色法测定还原糖的含量,探讨不同条件对菠萝蛋白酶降解壳聚糖的影响。用端基分析法测定壳寡糖的分子量,研究菠萝蛋白酶降解壳聚糖过程中壳聚糖分子量的变化。[结果]菠萝蛋白酶降解壳聚糖的最适pH为7.1,最适温度为53℃,最适酶浓度为0.30 g/L。在最适条件下,降解反应进行6 h以上,可以得到平均聚合度为8,平均分子量为1 306的壳寡糖。[结论]菠萝蛋白酶能有效降解壳聚糖,制备壳寡糖。的翻译是:[Goal] provides the technological parameter and scientific basis for the pineapple proteinase degeneration chitosan preparation shell oligose. [Method] with the content of DNS color method determination reducing sugar, discusses the effect of dissimilar condition on pineapple proteinase degeneration chitosan. With the molecular weight of terminal grouping analytic method determination shell oligose, studies in the pineapple proteinase degeneration chitosan process the change of chitosan molecular weight. [Result] the optimum pH of pineapple proteinase degeneration chitosan is 7.1, the optimum temperature is 53℃, the most suitable enzyme density is 0.30 g/L. Under the most suitable condition, the degradation reaction carries on 6 h above, can obtain the average degrees of polymerization is 8, the mean molecular weight are 1 306 shell oligose. [Conclusion] pineapple proteinase can degrade the chitosan effectively, the preparation shell oligose.
目的探讨胸腔积液瘦素浓度、端粒酶活性对良恶性胸腔积液的诊断价值。方法检测29例恶性胸腔积液患者胸液中的瘦素浓度和端粒酶活性,以28例良性胸腔积液作对照。结果恶性胸腔积液中的瘦素浓度较良性者增高,差异有统计学意义(P的翻译是:Goal discussion chest cavity fluid leptin density and diagnosis value of telomease activity to good malignant chest cavity fluid. The method examines the leptin density and in the telomease activity 29 cases of malignant chest cavity fluid patient chest fluids, makes the comparison by 28 cases of benign chest cavity fluids. Finally the leptin density benign markup in malignant chest cavity fluid, the difference has the statistical significance (P
目的探讨头孢他啶治疗儿童细菌性下呼吸道感染的临床效果。方法选取60例细菌性下呼吸道感染患儿,随机分为治疗组、对照组各30例,治疗组采用头孢他啶,对照组应用舒普深,均连续治疗1周,对比两组的总有效率和不良反应发生率。结果治疗组的总有效率为93.3%,对照组为91%,组间差异不明显(P>0.05);治疗组不良反应发生率为7.1%,同对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论头孢他啶治疗儿童细菌性下呼吸道感染安全、有效,值得推广应用。的翻译是:The goal discussion ceftazidine treats under children's bacterial the clinical result of respiratory infections. The method selects under 60 cases of bacterial the respiratory infections baby, is divided into the treatment group and control group stochastically respectively 30 cases, the treatment group uses the ceftazidine, the control group applies Schuppe to be deep, continuously treats for 1 week, contrasts two groups is always effective and untoward effect rate. The total effectiveness of result treatment group is 93.3%, the control group is 91%, among groups difference not obvious (P&0.05); The treatment group untoward effect rate is 7.1%, with control group difference non-statistical significance (P&0.05). The conclusion ceftazidine treats under children's bacterial the respiratory infections security and effectiveness, is worth the application and spreading.
采用中国统计年鉴农村居民收入五等份纯收入等相关统计数据,运用计量经济学研究方法,对我国农村居民收入的财政再分配效应进行多维测度。结果表明我国财政再分配对农村居民收入的总体差距调节效应弱化,甚至在一定时期、一定程度上存在负效应;财政对各不同收入阶层农村居民的再分配效应,呈现阶段性波动但趋势向好之特征;根据测度结论,结合我国财政运行实际,提出诸如优化转移支付结构等对策与建议。的翻译是:Receives five equal parts net incomes with Chinese statistical annual rural residents and other statistics, uses the econometrics research technique, receives the financial redistribution effect that to carry on the multi-dimensional measure to our country rural residents. The result demonstrates that our country finance redistribution attenuates to the overall disparity adjustment effect that the rural residents receive, even, has the negative effect in certain time The redistribution effects of financial to various different income social stratum rural residents, presents the gradual fluctuation but trend to the
According to the measure conclusion, links to our country fiscal operation reality, proposed such as optimized transfer payment structure and other countermeasures and suggestions.
本项研究以《科学引文索引(扩展版)》(Science Citation Index Expanded)为情报源,对2011年被其收录的新疆任意作者的记录,从作者分布、机构分布、文献语言分布、主要发文期刊分布、文献类型分布、学科分布、主要合作国家(地区)及机构分布八个方面进行了全面的统计分析。可供地区科研管理部门制订科技规划、引进人才、实施成果奖励等参考。的翻译是:This research takes &Citation index (Expansion Version)& (Science Citation Index Expanded) as the information source, to 2011 by its including the record of Xinjiang random author, will distribute eight aspects to carry on the comprehensive statistical analysis from the author distribution, the organization distribution and literature language distributed and main outgoing message periodical distribution, the literature type distribution, the discipline distribution, the main cooperation country (area) and organization. May draw up the technical plan, to introduce the talented person and implementation achievement reward for the local research management department and other references.
江苏、广东等发达省份通过异地共建产业园区、加大对欠发达地区的项目投资力度与财政、金融支持,有效改变了苏北、粤东西两翼及粤北山区的落后面貌。湖南的湘西地区在经历第一轮开发之后,虽然经济社会发展步伐有所加快,但总体落后态势仍未改变,与全省及长株潭城市群、湘南地区相比,差距呈扩大趋势;与周边武陵山地区相比,也不具备明显的发展优势;同时湘西地区发展后劲明显不足。借鉴江苏、广东的成功经验,进一步推进湘西地区开发,应继续解放思想,加快由输血的外源开发向造血的内源开发转化;东西对口,实施异地共建产业园策略;突出区域特色,推动特色产业、优势产业大发展;同时应进一步加大财政金融等政策扶持力度,聚集发展势能。的翻译是:
为实现褐煤的高附加值利用并进一步了解褐煤的组成结构,利用超临界甲醇对内蒙古胜利褐煤进行了萃取,考察了温度对萃取物产率的影响。采用气相色谱/质谱联用仪(GC/MS)分析了萃取产物的化学组成。结果表明:超临界甲醇萃取产率随温度升高而增加;GC/MS检测到产物主要包括含氧化合物(主要为酯、酚、酮类化合物)、脂肪烃类化合物(主要为正构烷烃、芳香族类化合物主要为1～6环的稠环芳烃及其烷基取代衍生物)、芳香族类化合物及含杂原子化合物(主要以含氮化合物和含硫化合物为主)。的翻译是:In order to realize the high added value use of lignite and further understood that the lignite the composition and structure, used the supercritical methanol to carry on the extraction to Inner Mongolian victory lignite, inspected the effect of temperature on the extract production rate. /Hyphenation of mass spectrometry meter (GC/MS) has analyzed the chemical composition of extraction product with gas chromatography. The result demonstrates that: Supercritical methanol extraction production rate increases with t GC/MS examines the product mainly to include oxygen compounds (is mainly ester, phenol and ketone compound), the fat hydrocarbon compound chemical compound (is mainly is constructing alkane and fragrant class chemical compound is mainly 1~6 fused ring aromatics and alkylation derivatives), the fragrant class chemical compound and including the hetero-atom chemical compound (mainly takes nitrogen contained compound and sulfocompound primarily).
以α-Si3N4粉为原料、MgSiN2粉为烧结助剂,在1563℃热压1h制备出半透明α/βSi3N4复相陶瓷。X射线衍射分析结果表明,半透明α/βSi3N4复相陶瓷由85%(质量分数,下同)α-Si3N4和15%β-Si3N4组成。半透明α/βSi3N4复相陶瓷具有和Mg-α-SiAlON陶瓷相似的透光性质,样品厚度为0.42mm,其透过率随波长增加而增大,波长在3.3μm处透过率最大,达到66%,在2.0～4.5μm波长范围,透过率保持在50%以上,随后透过率迅速降低,在5.0μm处截止。的翻译是:Uses the α-Si 3N4 powder as the raw material and MgSiN2 powder is the sintering additive, prepares translucent α/βSi3N4 to turn round the ceramics in 1563℃ thermo-compression 1h. X-ray diffraction results analysis showed that translucent α/βSi3N4 turns round the ceramics by 85% (weight fraction, similarly hereinafter) α-Si 3N4 and 15%β-Si3N4 compose. Translucent α/βSi3N4 turns round the ceramics to have with the Mg-α-SiAlON ceramics similar diaphanous nature, the sample thickness is 0.42mm, its transmissibility increases to increase along with the wave length, the wave length is biggest in the 3.3μm place transmissibility, achieves 66%, in 2.0~4.5 μm wavelength ranges, the transmissibility placed over 50%, afterward the transmissibility reduces rapidly, at 5.0μm place closure.
采用文献资料和田野调查等研究方法,借用文化学相关理论,围绕大刀舞的活动流程,捕捉其中的文化特征,以此为切入点,对它独特的文化价值进行探究。通过田野考察和解读得出以下结论:许村大刀舞历史悠久,内涵丰富,形式独特,是徽州文化大厦的重要基石;许村大刀舞在文化的器物、行为及心理等层面上表现出独特的文化特征,这些文化特征是其区别于其它民俗体育的显著标志;随着社会的发展和人们生活方式的改变,许村大刀舞所富含的人文内容、历史信息及其艺术表现力等将对张扬人文教育、促进全民健身运动、保存历史文化和发展旅游产业等发挥着重要作用。的翻译是:
This paper proposes a model for image restoration by combining the wavelet shrinkage and inverse scale space (ISS) method. The ISS is applied to the wavelet representation to modify the retained wavelet coefficients, and the coefficients smaller than the threshold are set to zero. The curvature term of the ISS can remove the edge artifacts and preserve sharp edges. For the multiscale interpretation of the ISS and the multiscale property of the wavelet representation, small details are preserved. This paper ...的翻译是:This paper proposes a model for image restoration by combining the wavelet shrinkage and inverse scale space (ISS) method. The ISS is applied to the wavelet representation to modify the retained wavelet coefficients, and coefficients smaller than the threshold are set to zero. The curvature term of the ISS can remove the edge artifacts and preserve sharp edges. For the multiscale interpretation of the ISS and multiscale property of the wavelet representation, small details are preserved.
采用成人素质希望量表、社会支持评定量表、简易应对方式量表对大学生进行测评,探讨大学生希望水平与社会支持、应对方式之间的关系。结果表明:大学生的希望水平较高,且性别差异显著;大学生希望水平与社会支持以及积极应对方式呈显著正相关,社会支持与积极应对方式呈显著正相关,社会支持和消极应对呈显著负相关;线性回归分析显示,大学生社会支持中的主观支持和应对方式两个维度对希望水平均有显著的回归效应。的翻译是:With the adult quality hopes that the meter and society support the evaluation meter and simple coping style meter to evaluate the university student, discuss the relations between university student hope levels and community support and coping styles. The result demonstrates that: The hope level of university student is high, and gender differ The university students hope that the level and society support as well as the positive coping style assume obviously just related, the society supports and positive coping style assumes obviously just related, the society supports and deals to assume the remarkable inverse co The linear regression analysis showed that the level of subjective support and coping style two dimensions in university student community support to hoping have the remarkable return effect.
文章基于江西泰斗姚荷生寒温汇通思想,从寒温内外皆有厥阴病变的立场出发,对以乌梅丸为代表的厥阴阴阳错杂方证,从生理病理到辨症用方,进行了系统梳理,突出强调了厥阴主病不只阴阳错杂且有肝风内扰,厥阴主方不仅燮理阴阳且能敛肝熄风;对厥阴病复杂多变,比较了伤寒、温病与内伤杂病由于病因差异,以致各自的阴阳错杂,会产生寒热虚实不同偏转的情况;进而提出厥阴主证主方,不限于乌梅丸证一例,而是包括连梅饮证、椒梅汤证、安胃丸证等在内的一组乌梅类方方证系列;最后对乌梅类方临床运用中容易产生疑惑的若干问题做了简要的解答。的翻译是:
目的探讨急诊动脉栓塞在妇产科不同病种急性出血中的应用,旨在为急性出血提供一种安全、有效、微创的保守性治疗的方法。方法对年在该院妇产科因为急诊出血而行急诊动脉栓塞者16例病例进行分析。结果 16例急性出血患者经急诊动脉栓塞后均取得了较好的疗效;无一例患者发生明显的并发症;在术后2～3个月,月经周期的卵泡期B超监测排卵情况,均发现了成熟卵泡或优势卵泡,血P、FSH、LH监测未发现异常。结论急诊动脉栓塞治疗妇产科急性出血,为临床提供一种安全、有效、微创的保守性治疗的方法。的翻译是:
目的观察中医分期辨治对咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)患儿血清免疫球蛋白E(IgE)和嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)水平的影响,并探讨IgE和ECP检测的临床意义。方法将符合本研究标准的CVA患儿60例,随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例。治疗组(中药组)发作期给予温肺化痰饮,缓解期给予补肺健脾饮;对照组(西药组)服用孟鲁司特钠,发作期加服氨茶碱治疗。疗程3个月。观察治疗前后IgE和ECP的变化。结果治疗组血清IgE较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P的翻译是:The goal observation Chinese medicine by stages the effect of Bian Zhi eosinophilic granulocyte positive ion protein (ECP) level on cough changeability asthma (CVA) baby seroimmunity globulin E(IgE), and discusses IgE and clinical significance of ECP examination. The method will conform to this research standard CVA baby 60 cases, is divided into the treatment group and control group stochastically respectively 30 cases. The treatment group (traditional Chinese medicine group) attack gives Wen Feihua the edema diseases, the remission gives to make up the lung to be good for The control group (western medicine group) takes Meng Lu Site sodium, the attack adds the clothing aminophylline treatment. Treatment course 3 months. Around observation treatment change of IgE and ECP. Before result treatment group blood serum IgE treats, markedly reduces, the difference has the statistical significance (P
1病历简介例1.病人女性,57岁。因反复脐周胀痛1个月余于2011年9月入浙江大学医学院附属第二医院。1个月前饭后出现脐周持续性胀痛,伴肛门停止排气排便。30年前曾行阑尾切除术和剖腹产手术,5年前行子宫切除术。当地医院X线检查提示:小肠梗阻,腹盆腔积液,胸腔积液,诊断为粘连性肠梗阻,子宫、阑尾切除术后。经禁食、胃肠减压、抗炎支持治疗后,上述症状改善不明显转来我院。入的翻译是:1 medical record synopsis case 1. patient female, 57 years old. Because navel week painfully swollen more than 1 month enters the Zhejiang University Medical school attached second hospital in September, 2011 repeatedly. 1 month ago after the food, presents the navel week long-enduring painfully swollen, accompanies the anus to stop the exhaust bowel movement. 30 years ago once good appendectomy and cesarean section, 5 years of vanguard uterectomy. Local hospital X line inspection prompt: The small intestine obstruction, the abdomen pelvic cavity fluid, the chest cavity fluid, diagnoses for the adhesion intestinal obstruction, after the womb and appendectomy. After fasting, the stomach and intestines reduced pressure and anti-SARS support the treatment, the above symptom improvement obviously does not transfer my institute. Entering
杜丽娘和朱丽叶是东西方戏剧史上争取自由爱情的光辉形象。虽然前者最终获得美满爱情,后者毅然为爱殉情,但读者在戏剧中感受到的却是杜丽娘深深的绝望,朱丽叶处处流露出的甜蜜幸福。文章指出,两人生活的不同的社会文化背景,造成了她们不同的爱情悲剧。的翻译是:Du Liniang and Juliet are in East and West play history strive for the free love the glorious image. Although the former obtains the content love finally, the latter to like committing suicide together in the name of love resolutely, but the reader feels in the play is actually Du Liniang's deep despair, the happy happiness that Juliet everywhere reveals. The article pointed out that the different social culture background that they live, has created their different love tragedies.
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