Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology
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All submitted articles must include a 'water impact statement' (60 approximately three sentences) that clearly states the broad-scale implications and real-world relevance of the work.
The water impact statement should be written in plain language that is accessible to a broad, non-technical audience, as if it was a press headline highlighting the important contribution of the work toward promoting sustainable water resource management practices.
This statement will be carefully considered by the editors and the reviewers and will help ascertain the relevance of the article for a broad audience.
Authors should use it to show that they have given serious consideration as to how their work addresses current challenges related to water sustainability in the built environment in a realistic sense. If the paper is accepted this statement will be included in the published article. Please note that papers without this statement will not be peer-reviewed.
Please note all manuscripts should be submitted with line numbers already embedded.
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Input symbolsInstructions for Authors
chimica acta
Instructions for Authors (2016, )
General Policy
The journal Helvetica Chimica Acta (Helvetica)
publishes original and significant contributions of fundamental research in all
branches of experimental and theoretical chemistry. The key selection criteria
are originality and quality of the work, as well as the breadth of interest to
readers and subscribers.
Manuscripts should be submitted for
publication as Full Paper. Review Articles will only be rarely considered for
publication in Helvetica.
The manuscript should be submitted online via the
online submission service
To submit your manuscript, please follow the instructions
given on this website. Manuscripts must be formatted using the New Helvetica
Templates (either double column layout
or single column layout
) as a single Microsoft Word file that
contains the text, all figures and tables. Separate files containing Supporting
Information associated with the manuscript should be uploaded separately.
Helvetica does not publish manuscripts that have
already appeared in print or electronically (including those deposited in
preprint archives). The author must inform the editor of manuscripts submitted,
soon to be submitted, or in press at other journals that have a bearing on the
manuscript being submitted to Helvetica. The Ethical Guidelines for
Publication issued by the European Association for Chemical and Molecular
Sciences are followed and applied by the editors of Helvetica.
Authors should reveal all sources of funding for the work presented in the
manuscript and should declare any conflict of interest.
If the manuscript is a revised/extended version of a
manuscript previously rejected by Helvetica, the author must inform the
editor about the previous submission in the cover letter and explain in detail
which changes have been made.
Submission of a manuscript implies that the authors agree
to transfer copyright to the Wiley-VHCA AG &when the contribution is accepted for publication. A
detailing the rights granted to -Wiley-VHCA, must be signed by all contributors
and sent to the following email address:
. If the contribution is not accepted for publication, this
agreement shall be null and void. Publication cannot proceed without a signed
copy of this agreement.
Preparation of Manuscripts
General Considerations.
Manuscripts must be submitted in English. Careful preparation of the manuscript
and adherence to the format and conventions of Helvetica as outlined in
these Instructions for Authors is required. Manuscripts that are not well
written or that do not adhere to the format and style of Helvetica will
be rejected without further review.
A representative structural formula or scheme should be
provided for the Table of Contents. The maximum available space for this
graphical abstract is 7 × 16 cm.
Manuscripts should be kept to minimum length, and, for
clarity, each work should be subdivided into labeled sections, e.g.,
Introduction, Results and Discussion, Conclusions,
Experimental Part, Acknowledgement, Author Contribution,
References.&
Special types of print should be used as follows:
Boldface: headings, designated numbers of chemical compounds.
Italic: subheadings, configurational prefixes ((R)-, (S)-,
cis-, trans-, etc.), Latin words or abbreviations, trade
names of chemical compounds (first letter should be capitalized), names of
authors if mentioned in the text.
Small capital: symbols of molar and normal concentrations (m
d and l, the
names of the discoverer in the nomenclature of genera, species, or
varieties.
Boldface italic: the italicized terms and prefixes in headings.
a) The title of a manuscript, being of great
importance for attracting readers’ interest and for information retrieval,
should clearly and accurately provide information on the content and emphasis of
the work. The use of abbreviations, symbols, chemical formulae, and references
in a title is strongly discouraged. First letters of nouns and adjectives are
capitalized.
b) The authors’ full first names, middle initials,
and last names should be given, followed by the address(es) of the contributing
laboratory or laboratories. The author to whom correspondence and/or inquiries
should be directed should be indicated with an asterisk (*). Footnotes may be
added to indicate the present mailing address(es) of the author(s). The
corresponding author’s mailing address and e-mail
address should also be included.
Abstract. The abstract
should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results, and
it should be self-explanatory and intelligible without
reference to the text. For a typical contribution, an 800- to
1000-character abstract is usually adequate.
Keywords. Authors can ensure
that a keyword search within Wiley Online Library (WOL) leads to a list that is
as complete as possible of relevant publications in many Wiley-VCH journals (see
the list at the start of the
) by preferably using keywords from this catalogue.
The catalogue is subdivided to facilitate the search for keywords but can also
be completely searched. Some of the keywords are used in more than one area. As
with all such records, a few guidelines facilitate its use, and these are
briefly explained below: 1. At least two of the maximum of five keywords
assigned to an article must come from this list. 2. Named reactions will be
incorporated only in exceptional cases. Generally the reaction type is selected
instead. For example, ‘cycloadditions’ instead of ‘Diels–Alder reactions’
and ‘rearrangement’ instead of ‘Claisen rearrangement’. 3.
Heteroanalogues of compounds are mainly classified under the C variants, for
example, (hetero)cumulenes, (hetero)dienes. A few aza and phospha derivatives
are exceptions. 4. Compounds with inorganic components that are central to the
article are listed under the element, for example, iron complexes under ‘iron’
and, if appropriate, the ligand type. Some group names such as ‘alkali metals’
exist alongside the names of important members of the group, for example,
‘lithium’. In such cases the group name is used for these members only when
comparative studies are described. The members that do not appear separately are
also categorized under the group name. 5. A keyword in the form ‘N ligand’ is
only chosen if a considerable portion of the paper deals with the coordination
of any ligand that coordinates through the atom concerned (in the example,
nitrogen). 6. Spectroscopic methods are assigned as keywords only if the article
is about the method itself or if the spectroscopic technique has made an
important contribution to the problem under investigation. 7. ‘Structure
elucidation’ is intended only if the crux of the paper is a structural
elucidation or if a combination of several spectroscopic techniques were needed
for conclusive solution of the structure. 8. An attempt has been made to avoid
synonyms and to select more general concepts rather than specialized terms. Thus
the term ‘double-decker complexes’ is excluded in favor of ‘sandwich complexes’.
9. Enzymes should be assigned to one of the six main enzyme classes (hydrolases,
isomerases, ligases, lyases, oxidoreductases, transferases).
Introduction. The introduction should include relevant references.
Results and Discussion. The
results and discussion may be combined or kept separate and may be further
divided by subheadings. This section should not be cluttered with technical
details. Abbreviations and acronyms should be used sparingly and consistently.
Where they first appear in the text, they should – apart from the most common
ones, such as IR, UV, and NMR – you may prefer to explain large
numbers of abbreviations and acronyms in a footnote on the first page.
Experimental Part. The
Experimental Part should only contain the most essential parts of your
exp the rest should be reported into the Supporting
Information. Taken together, the experimental data in the main manuscript
and the Supporting Information should be given in sufficient detail to
enable others to repeat your work. In theoretical papers, technical details such
as computational methods should likewise be confined to an appropriately named
Equipment and conditions used for the measurement of
physical data should be described at the beginning of the Experimental Part
in the General Section. Quantities of reactants, solvents, etc.
should be included in parentheses (e.g., triphenylstannyl chloride
(0.964&g, 2.5&mmol) in toluene (20&ml)) rather than in the running text.
Physical data should be quoted with decimal points and negative exponents (e.g.,
25.8 JK−1mol−1). The identity of all new compounds must be
fully characterized by appropriate analytical methods (e.g., NMR
spectroscopy, X-ray crystal structure analysis, elemental analysis). The purity
of all new compounds should be verified by elemental analysis, to an accuracy of
within ±0.4%. In special cases, for instance, when the compound is unstable or
not available in sufficient quantities for complete analysis, the exact relative
molecular mass obtained from a high-resolution mass spectrum (HR-MS) and a clean
13C-NMR spectrum (as Supporting Information for inspection by
the referees) should be supplied. These data should be given in the
Supporting Information in the event that they exceed the scope of the
Experimental Part.
Detailed presentation of physical data: Rf
= 0.38 (CHCl3/MeOH 9:1). M.p. 20 – 21°C. [α]D20
= &# (c = 0.2, acetone). UV (MeOH): 320 (5000). IR (KBr): 1780,
1790 (C=O). 1H-NMR (400 MHz, (D8)THF): 2.41 – 2.32 (m,
H–C(5)); 1.33 (q, 3J(H,H) = 8.0, CH2); 0.92
(t, 3J(H,H) = 8.1, Me). 13C-NMR (100 MHz,
CDCl3): 72.5 (d, CCH); 26.8 (s, Me); 6.5 (d,
1J(C,P) = 156.9, CHP). HR-MS: 315.1495 ([M + H]+,
C21H19N2O+; calc. 315.1497). Anal.
calc. for C12H10BrNOS (296.18): C 48.66, H 3.40, N 4.73;
found: C 48.41, H 3.22, N 4.82. Please give data in this order.
Acknowledgements should be
brief. A person can be thanked for assistance or for comments. Acknowledgements
can contain grant and contribution numbers.
Author Contribution Statement.
Authors are required to include a statement of responsibility in the manuscript
that specifies the contribution of every author.
References. The list of references
should be numbered sequentially in the order they are cited in the text. The
numbers should be set in brackets, thus [2] or [3][14]. References are to be
collected in numerical order at the end of the main text. Titles of journals
must be abbreviated according to Chemical Abstracts (cf. Chemical
Abstracts Service Source Index (CASSI) and Appendix I). After
the authors’ names, the title of the article should follow. Then, the
journal title (in italics) should be followed (no comma) by the year of
publication (in boldface), comma, volume number (in italics), comma, first page
till last page, period (or a semicolon within a composite reference).
Attention is drawn to the following conventions: a)
Names of all authors of cited publications should be given. Use of ‘et al.’
in the list of references is not accepted. b) Only the initials of first
and middle names should be given. c) The name of the journal and volume
number cited should be given in italics.[1] d) Composite references may
be used, instead of a series of individual ones.[2] The use of the Latin terms
ibid. and idem is no longer allowed, since these are not
compatible with electronic information-retrieval systems.[3] When a part of a
composite reference is cited individually in the text, the parts of the
composite reference may be specified by a), b), etc.[4a][4b] e)
In references described as ‘personal communications’, an affiliation should
follow the name(s) of the person(s) cited.[5] f) The full page range
should be specified.
Examples of references to book chapters,[6] books,[7]
patents,[8] computer programs,[9] and Ph.D. theses[10] are also given.
For users of
, please download the
and put it in your
Styles' directory on your computer.
References
&&[1]&&J. A. Bodkin, M. D. McLeod, ‘The Sharpless asymmetric
aminohydroxylation’, J. Chem. Soc., Perkins Trans. 1 2002, 2733 –
&&[2]&&S. R. Wilson, Y. Wu, ‘Crown ether fulleroids and their
detection in solution by electrospray MS’, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun.
1993, 784 – 786; F. Arias, Q. Yie, L. Echegoyen, Y. Wu, Q. Lu, S. R.
Wilson, ‘Kinetic Effects in the Electrochemistry of Fullerene Derivatives at
Very Negative Potentials’, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116,
6388 – 6394.
&&[3]&&J. Zimmermann, H. Voss, S. Wiemann, H. Erfle, T. Rupp,
N. A. Hewitt, C. Schwager, J. Stegemann, W. Ansorge, ‘Cycle Sequencing protocol
with Fluorescein-12-dCTP’, Methods Mol. Cell Biol. 1993, 4,
27 – 28; J. Zimmermann, H. Voss, H. Erfle, T. Rupp, T. Dietrich, N. A. Hewitt,
C. Schwager, J. Stegemann, W. Ansorge, ‘Direct Sequencing of PCR Products using
Magnetic Beads and Fluorescein-12-dUTP’, Methods Mol. Cell Biol. 1993,
3, 114 – 115.
&&[4]&&a) J.-P. Bourgeois, F. Diederich, L. Echegoyen, J.-F.
Nierengarten, ‘Synthesis, and Optical and Electrochemical Properties of
Cyclophane-Type Molecular Dyads Containing a Porphyrin in Close, Tangential
Orientation Relative to the Surface of trans-1 Functionalized C60’,
Helv. Chim. Acta 1998, 81, 1835 – 1844; b) E. Dietel, A.
Hirsch, E. Eichhorn, A. Rieker, S. Hackbarth, B. R?der, ‘A macrocyclic
[60]fullerene–porphyrin dyad involving π–π stacking interactions’, Chem.
Commun. 1998, 1981 – 1982.
&&[5]&&H. Vančik (Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of
Zagreb), personal communication.
&&[6]&&H. A. Krassig, in ‘Cellulose Structure, Accessibility
and Reactivity’, Ed. M. B. Huglin, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Yverdon,
1992, Vol. 11, p. 6.
&&[7]&&J. D. Dunitz, ‘X-Ray Analysis and the Structure of
Organic Molecules’, Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta, Basel, and VCH, Weinheim,
&&[8]&&T. Kamata, N. Wasada, Jap. Pat. 2-90, p. 381
&&[9]&&G. M. Sheldrick, SHELXL97, Program for the Refinement
of Crystal Structures, University of G?ttingen, Germany, 1997.
&&[10]&B. R. Peterson, Ph.D. Thesis, University of California
at Los Angeles, 1994.
In the text, reference to author(s) of cited works should
be made without giving initials, e. g., ‘... as shown by Kamata
and Wasada [8]’. If the reference carries the names of three or more
authors it should be quoted as ‘Barbero et al.[1]’, if Barbero is
the first author, or as ‘Piscopo and coworkers[1]’, if Piscopo is
the senior author.
Please double-check your references, for example by using
, to ensure correct (online) links.
Footnotes. Footnotes,
i.e., explanations or comments on the text, should be kept to a minimum.
Each one should be indicated in the manuscript by a superscripted number, e. g., ‘... is implied1,
otherwise...’, and numbered sequentially throughout the manuscript. Each
footnote at the bottom of the page of the manuscript in which it is first
mentioned. Footnotes must not be included with the references.
Tables. Tables are edited in
the text and therefore should not be sent as graphical elements. They should be
set up using the table tools of Word. Tables should be used to ensure clear,
concise presentation of data should only be subdivided by three horizontal lines
(head rule, neck rule, foot rule). Each table must be referred to in the text,
given suitable captions, typed on separate sheets, and placed after the
references. Column headings should be as short as possible but must define units
unambiguously. When necessary, an abbreviated or symbolic column heading should
be used and explained in the table heading or in a footnote. Footnotes to tables
should be labeled a, b, c, etc., and
typed at the bottom of the table.
Illustrations. Illustrations
(structural formulae, figures, schemes) should, if possible, be designed for
reduction to a one-column format (8.5 cm wide). The maximum width is the
two-column format (17.5 cm wide). For optimum reproduction, illustrations should
be larger than the desired final size. We recommend: font for script, A
size of lettering, 3–3.5 total maximum width, 14 cm (or 28 cm for two-column
width) for 60% reduction. Preferred graphics programs are ChemDraw, Adobe
Illustrator, and Adobe Photoshop, restricted use holds for PowerPoint, Adobe
Acrobat, and Microsoft Word, unusable are ChemWindows, C-Design, Origin, and
MacDraw Pro. Acceptable formats within all graphics programs are JPG, TIFF, and
EPS. The quality of the graphical material is of particular importance:
low-resolution JPEG and GIF files are not suitable. The resolution for stick
diagrams in a bitmap format (*.bmp files) must be at least 1000 dpi. The
resolution for raster figures (e.g. ORTEP representations with
shading) and for color figures must be at least 300 dpi. The colors for color
pictures must be defined with the CMYK system (do not use the RGB color system,
which is common in Windows).
Please also refer to our style files and templates () available at
Good-quality representations of graphical material are a
prerequisite for publication in Helvetica. Please consult the IUPAC
Recommendations on Graphical Representation of Stereochemical Configuration and
Standards for Chemical Structure Diagrams (see
). Italicize
symbols of physical quantities, but not their units (e.g., T for
temperature, in contrast to T for the unit Tesla, but K J, but
Hz; a, but nm), stereochemical information (cis, Z, R,
etc.), locants (N-methyl, tert-butyl) and symmetry (C2v).
Chemical formulae should be numbered with boldface Arabic numerals (e.g.,
1). Labels of axes are to be separated from their units by a slash (e.g.,
T/K) and the upper and right-hand lines joining the axes are to be
removed. Abbreviations such as Me, Et, Bu, iPr, tBu
and Ph (not φ) may be used in formulae. General substituents should be
indicated by R1, R2 (not R2, which means 2 R)
or R, R′ (not R′). The spatial arrangement of the substituents should be
indicated by hatched lines and solid wedges. A minus sign must be as long as the
crossbar of a plus sign. Microscopy images (optical, electron, or scanning
probe) should always contain a scale bar.
Nomenclature. All new
compounds should be named in accordance with the rules and recommendations of
the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), the International
Union of Biochemistry (IUB), and the International Union of Pure and Applied
Physics (IUPAP) (cf. Appendix II). As an additional guideline, the
Index Guide of Chemical Abstracts should be consulted. The use of ACD/Name
(version 2015) is recommended.
For common solvents, reagents, or other compounds, the
molecular formulae or accepted abbreviations maybe used: e.g., CHCl3,
NaCl, SOCl2, MeOH, DMF, DMSO, THF, Py. An ad hoc abbreviation
may be used for a name or formula that occurs repeatedly. This has to be clearly
defined, e.g., tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
Different alkyl or arylalkyl radicals should be designated
with superscripted numbers: R1, R2, R3, etc.
(Subscripts are used only to denote stoichiometry.) Aryl radicals should be
designated by Ar1, Ar2, etc., all others by X, Y,
etc. (e. g., X = O, Y = NH2, Z = Br).
Individual atoms should be referred to as C(2), N(5) (not
C-2 and N-5), etc. For ‘hydrogen atom attached to carbon atom 4’,
etc., Helvetica prefers the notation H–C(4).
Units and Their
SI Units are to be used, especially in contributions
dealing with physical chemistry. Significant figures should be respected.
However, some non-SI units listed in Appendix IV are acceptable.
Crystal-Structure Analysis
Authors must deposit their data before
submitting their manuscripts or update data already available, so that referees
can retrieve the information directly from the database. Please use the free
online Checkcif service provided by the International Union of Crystallography
and submit the Checkcif report along with your manuscript. Please ensure that
the data deposited with the database are identical to those in the manuscript.
Crystallographic data should not be sent as Supporting
Information but should be deposited with either the Cambridge Crystallographic
Data Centre for organic and organometallic compounds or with the
Fachinformationszentrum Karlsruhe for inorganic compounds, elements, metals,
and minerals.
If a crystal structure analysis is not an essential part of
the paper, only a footnote is required indicating where the detailed results can
be found. Otherwise, the following data should be given in the manuscript:
crystal dimensions, crystal system, space group, unit cell dimensions and
volume, ρcalcd, 2θmax, radiation,
wavelength, scan mode, temperature of measurement, no. of measured and
independent reflections, no. of reflections included in refinement, σ
limits, whether and how Lorentzian polarization and absorption corrections were
performed (μ, min/max transmission), method of structure solution and
program, method of refinement and program, no. of parameters, treatment of H
atoms. R, wR, whether refined against |F| or |F2|,
residual electron density, and the database in which the detailed results are
deposited. An ORTEP-type plot will not be reproduced when it merely serves to
confirm the structure of a synthetic intermediate.
For organic and organometallic
compounds: Send your data including author and journal details in CIF format
to the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC, 12 Union Road, Cambridge
CB2 1EZ (UK); tel: (+44); fax: (+44); e-mail: deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.
). The data will be assigned a
registry number, which should be included with the following standard text in
the manuscript: ‘CCDC-… contain(s) the supplementary crystallographic data for
this work. These data can be obtained free of charge from The Cambridge
Crystallographic Data Centre via www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/data_request/cif.’
For inorganic compounds: The
Fachinformationszentrum Karlsruhe only accepts data deposited in electronic form
(in CIF format). Send the data by e-mail (or on disk) to FIZ, 76344
Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen (Germany); tel: (+49); fax:
(+49); e-mail: crysdata@fiz-karlsruhe.
under ‘Products’. You will be given a CSD number, which
should be included with the following standard text in the manuscript: ‘Further
details of the crystal structure investigation(s) can be obtained from the
Fachinformationszentrum Karlsruhe, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
(fax: (+49); e-mail: crysdata@fiz-karlsruhe.de) on quoting the
depository number CSD-. . .’
For proteins: Protein
Data Bank ().
Supporting Information. All
material that is intended to be published only online as Supporting
Information should be presented succinctly (in English). This material
undergoes the peer review process and must therefore be included with the
original submission. The author bears full responsibility for the content of the
Supporting Information. Color and animated multimedia applications
are welcome and published online at no cost to the author or reader. Please
refer to such applications in the article itself where appropriate (see the
Supporting Information).
addition, the standard text:
Supporting information for this article is available
on the WWW under http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.2016xxxxx should be added as a
footnote after the addresses. Supporting Information should not
include crystallographic data that are available from CCDC or FIZ.
To submit multimedia files that exceed 5&MB in size, please
save them on your web server, but do not link to them. Send us the URL so we can
download the files and make them available to referees and, if accepted, to
readers. Please use suitable compression technology to avoid exceedingly large
movie files (&10&MB) for the benefit of referees’ and readers’ bandwidth and
storage capacity. Also, please make sure that your movies are saved in a common
format (such as MPEG, AVI, QuickTime, GIF) that can be played on at least two
different computer platforms (out of Windows/MacOS/Linux). Smaller files can
simply be uploaded via the
Proofs and Corrections
The corresponding authors will be provided with PDFs of the
galley proof via e-mail. Amendments and/or additions must be returned to
the editor within seven days upon receipt of the e-mail. The author is solely
responsible for checking the proofs.
Journal Abbreviations
Acc. Chem. Res.
Acta Chem. Scand., Ser. A/B
Acta Crystallogr., Sect. A/B/C/D/E/F
Adv. Mass Spectrom.
Adv. X-Ray Anal.
Agric. Biol. Chem.
Anal. Biochem.
Anal. Chem.
Anal. Chim. Acta
Angew. Chem.
Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.
Angew. Makromol. Chem.
Ann. Chim. (Cachan, Fr.)
Ann. Chim. (Rome)
Arzneim.-Forsch.
Aust. J. Chem.
Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem.
Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges.
Biochemistry
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
Biochem. J.
Biochem. Pharmacol.
Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn.
Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg.
Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr.
Can. J. Biochem.
Can. J. Chem.
Carbohydr. Res.
Chem. Abstr.
Chem. Ber.
Chem. Biodiversity
Chem. Commun. (Cambridge, UK)
Chem. Eng. News
Chem. Eng. Sci.
Chem. Eng. (N.Y.)
Chem. Eur. J.
Chem. Ind. (London)
Chem. Lett.
Chem. Pharm. Bull.
Chem. Phys.
Chem. Phys. Lett.
Chem. Rev. (Washington, DC, U.S.)
Chem. Soc. Rev.
Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun.
C. R. Acad. Sci., Ser. II/III
Dalton Trans.
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR
Electrochim. Acta
Eur. J. Biochem.
Eur. J. Inorg. Chem.
Eur. J. Org. Chem.
Eur. J. Pharmacol.
Experientia
Faraday Trans.
Fresenius’ J. Anal. Chem.
Gazz. Chim. Ital.
Helv. Chim. Acta
Heterocycles
Indian J. Chem., Sect. A/B
Inorg. Chem.
Inorg. Chim. Acta
Inorg. Nucl. Chem. Lett.
Int. J. Biochem.
Int. J. Chem. Kinet.
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys.
Int. J. Pept. Protein Res.
Int. J. Quantum Chem.
Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Khim.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
J. Antibiot.
J. Appl. Chem. Biotechnol.
J. Appl. Crystallogr.
J. Appl. Electrochem.
J. Biochem.
J. Biol. Chem.
J. Chem. Educ.
J. Chem. Phys.
J. Chem. Thermodyn.
J. Chromatogr.
J. Chromatogr. Sci.
J. Electrochem. Soc.
J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom.
J. Fluorine Chem.
J. Heterocycl. Chem.
J. Lipid Res.
J. Liq. Chromatogr.
J. Magn. Reson.
J. Med. Chem.
J. Mol. Spectrosc.
J. Nat. Prod.
J. Organomet. Chem.
J. Org. Chem.
J. Pharm. Pharmacol.
J. Pharm. Sci.
J. Photochem.
J. Phys. Chem. A/B/C
J. Prakt. Chem.
J. Radioanal. Chem.
J. Solid State Chem.
J. Solution Chem.
J. Steroid Biochem.
Jpn. J. Antibiot.
Jpn. J. Pharmacol.
Khim. Prir. Soedin.
Liebigs Ann. Chem.
Microchem. J.
Microchim. Acta
Mol. Pharmacol.
Mol. Phys.
Monatsh. Chem.
Nature (London)
Naturwissenschaften
Nouv. J. Chim.
Nucleic Acids Res.
Org. Magn. Reson.
Org. Mass Spectrom.
Perkin Trans. 1/2
Pharmacology
Pharmacol. Res. Commun.
Photochem. Photobiol.
Phytochemistry
Planta Med.
Polym. J. (Tokyo, Jpn.)
Pol. J. Chem.
Proc. Anal. Div. Chem. Soc.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
Pure Appl. Chem.
Radiat. Phys. Chem.
Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas
Science (Washington, DC, U.S.)
Spectrochim. Acta, Part A/B
Synth. Commun.
Tetrahedron
Tetrahedron Lett.
Theor. Chim. Acta
Top. Curr. Chem.
Yakugaku Zasshi
Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem.
Z. Kristallogr., Kristallogeom., Kristallphys., Kristallchem.
Z. Naturforsch., A/B/C
Z. Phys. Chem. (Leipzig)
Z. Phys. Chem. (Wiesbaden)
Zh. Neorg. Khim.
Zh. Obshch. Khim.
Zh. Org. Khim.
Recommendations on Nomenclature, Symbols, and Terminology
I. Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry
 1. ‘Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, Sections A, B, C,
D, E, F, and H; 1979 Edition’ (The ‘Blue Book’), IUPAC, Pergamon Press, Oxford,
 2. ‘A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds,
Recommendations 1993’, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford – London –
Edinburgh – Boston – Melbourne – Paris – Berlin – Vienna.
 3. ‘Extension of Rules A-1.1 and A-2.5 Concerning
Numerical Terms Used in Organic Chemical Nomenclature (Provisional)’, Pure
Appl. Chem. 1983, 55, 1463.
 4. ‘Revision of the Extended Hantzsch-Widman
System of Nomenclature for Heteromonocycles’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1983,
 5. ‘Treatment of Variable Valence in Organic Nomenclature
(Lambda Conventions) (Recommendations 1983)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1984,
 6. ‘Glossary of Terms Used in Physical Organic
Chemistry’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1983, 55, 1281.
 7. ‘Nomenclature for Straightforward Transformations
(Provisional)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1981, 53, 305.
 8. ‘Extension of Rules A-1.1 and A-2.5 Concerning
Numerical Terms Used in Organic Chemical Nomenclature’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1986, 58, 1693.
 9. ‘Glossary of Terms Used in Photochemistry
(Recommendations 1988)’, Pure. Appl. Chem. 1988, 60, 1055.
10. ‘Names for Hydrogen Atoms, Ions, and Groups, and
Reactions Involving Them (Recommendations 1988)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1988, 60, 1115.
11. ‘Nomenclature for Cyclic Organic Compounds with
Contiguous Formal Double Bonds (the δ-Convention)
(Recommendations 1988)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1988, 60, 1395.
12. ‘System for Symbolic Respresentation of Reaction
Mechanisms (Recommendations 1988)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1989, 61,
13. ‘Nomenclature for Organic Chemical Transformations
(Recommendations 1988)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1989, 61, 725.
14. ‘Biotransformation – a Useful Tool in Organic
Chemistry’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1990, 62, 753.
15. ‘Revised Nomenclature for Radicals, Ions, Radical
Ions, and Related Species (Recommendations 1993)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1993, 65, 1357.
16. ‘Glossary of Terms Used in Physical Organic Chemistry
(Recommendations 1994)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1994, 66, 1077.
17. ‘Glossary of Class Names of Organic Compounds and
Reactive Intermediates Based on Structure (Recommendations 1995)’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 1995, 67, 1307.
18. ‘Basic
Terminology of Stereochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1996)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1996, 68,
19. ‘Nomenclature and Terminology of Fullerenes: A
Preliminary Survey’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1997, 69, 1411.
20. ‘Nomenclature of Fused and Bridged Fused Ring Systems
(Recommendations 1998)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1998, 70, 144.
21. ‘Extension and Revision of the von Baeyer System for
Naming Polycyclic Compounds (Including Bicyclic Compounds) ( Recommendations
1999)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1999, 71, 513.
22. ‘Extension and Revision of the Nomenclature for Spiro
Compounds (Recommendations 1999)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1999, 71,
23. ‘Revised Section F: Natural Products and Related
Compounds (Recommendations 1999)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1999, 71,
24. ‘Corrections to A Guide to IUPAC
Nomenclature of Organic Compounds (Recommendations 1993)’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 1999, 71, 1327.
25. ‘Glossary of Terms Used in Theoretical Organic
Chemistry (Recommendations 1999)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1999, 71,
26. ‘Nomenclature for the C60-Ih
and C70-D5h(6) Fullerenes (Recommendations 2002)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2002, 74, 629.
27. ‘Phane Nomenclature. Part I: Phane Parent Names
(Recommendations 1998)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1998, 70, 1513.
28. ‘Phane Nomenclature. Part II: Modification of the
Degree of Hydrogenation and Substitution Derivatives of Phane Parent Hydrides
(Recommendations 2002)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 2002, 74, 809.
29. ‘Errata. Revised Section F: Natural Products and Related Compounds
(Recommendations 1999). Corrections and Modifications (2004)’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 2004, 76, 1283
30. ‘Numbering
of Fullerenes (Recommendations 2004)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2005, 77,
31. ‘Rules for Abbreviation of Protecting Groups (IUPAC Technical Report)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2013, 85,
II. Biochemical Nomenclature
1. ‘Biochemical Nomenclature and Related Documents’; A
Compendium, 2nd Edition, International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Portland Press, London – Chapel Hill, 1992.
 2. ‘Nomenclature and Symbolism for Amino Acids Peptides
(Recommendations 1983)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1984, 56, 595.
 3. ‘Abbreviated Nomenclature of Synthetic Polypeptides
(Polymerized Amino Acids)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1973, 33, 437
 4. ‘Abbreviations and Symbols for Description of
Conformation of Polypeptide Chains (Rules Approved 1974)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1974, 40, 291.
 5. ‘Nomenclature of Carbohydrates (Recommendations
1996)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1996, 82, 1919.
 6. ‘Nomenclature of Unsaturated Monosaccharides
(Provisional)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1982, 54, 207.
 7. ‘Nomenclature of Branched-Chain Monosaccharides
(Provisional)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1982, 54, 211.
 8. ‘Conformational Nomenclature for Five- and Six-Membered
Ring Formes of Monosaccharides and their Derivatives (Provisional)’, Pure
Appl. Chem. 1982, 53, 1901.
 9. ‘Polysaccharide Nomenclature (Provisional)’, Pure
Appl. Chem. 1982, 54, 1517.
10. ‘Abbreviated Terminology of Oligosaccharide Chains
(Provisional)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1982, 54, 1517.
11. ‘Symbols for Specifying the Conformation of
Polysaccharide Chains (Provisional)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1983, 55,
12. ‘Nomenclature of Cyclitols’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1974, 37, 283.
13. ‘Abbreviations and Symbols for Nucleic Acids,
Polynucleotides, and their Constituents (Rules Approved 1974)’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 1974, 40, 277.
14. ‘Abbreviations and Symbols for the Description of
Conformations Polynucleotide Chains (Provisional)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1983, 55, 1296.
15. ‘Nomenclature of Tetrapyrroles (Recommendations
1986)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1987, 59, 779.
16. ‘Nomenclature of Corrinoids’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1976, 48, 459.
17. ‘Nomenclature of Steroids (Recommendations 1989)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1989, 61, 1783.
18. ‘Nomenclature of Carotenoids (Rules Approved 1974)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1975, 41, 405.
19. ‘Nomenclature of Retinoids (Provisional)’, Pure
Appl. Chem. 1983, 55, 721.
20. ‘Nomenclature of Tocopherols and Related Compounds’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1982, 54, 1507.
21. ‘Nomenclature of Vitamin D (Provisional)’, Pure
Appl. Chem. 1982, 54, 1511.
22. ‘Nomenclature of Quinones with Isoprenoid Side-Chains
(Rules 1973)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1974, 38, 439.
23. ‘Definitive Nomenclature for Vitamin B-6 and Related
Compounds’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1973, 33, 445.
24. ‘Nomenclature of Iron-Sulfur Proteins (Recommendations
1978)’, Eur. J. Biochem. 1979, 93, 427; Corrections,
ibid. 1979, 95, 369 and 102, 315.
25. ‘Enzyme Nomenclature Recommendations 1978’, Academic
Press, New York, 1979; ‘Supplement 1. Corrections and Additions’, Eur. J.
Biochem. 1980, 104, 1; ‘Suppelment 2. Corrections and
Additions’. Eur. J. Biochem. 1981, 116, 423.
26. ‘Multienzyme Proteins’, Trends Biochem. Sci.
1979, 4, N275.
27. ‘The Nomenclature of Multiple Forms of Enzymes (Recommentations
1976)’, Eur. J. Biochem. 1978, 82, 1.
28. ‘Generic Descriptors and Trivial Names for Vitamins
and Related Compounds (Recommendations 1976)’ Nutrition Abstr. and Revs.,
Series A: Human and Experimental 1978, 48, 831.
29. ‘Nomenclature of Phosphorus-Containing Compounds of
Biochemical Importance (Recommendations 1976)’, Eur. J. Biochem. 1977,
30. ‘Nomenclature of Peptide Hormones (Recommendations
1978)’, Biochemistry 1975, 14, 2559.
31. ‘The Nomenclature of Lipids (Recommendations 1976)’,
Eur. J. Biochem. 1977, 79, 11.
32. ‘Nomenclatures and Symbols for Folic Acid and Related
Compounds, Tentative Rules’, J. Biol. Chem. 1966, 241,
33. ‘Abbreviations and Symbols for Chemical Names of
Special Interest in Biological Chemistry Revised Tentative Rules (1965)’,
Biochemistry 1966, 5, 1445.
34. ‘Abbreviations and Symbols’. Eur. J. Biochem.
1977, 79, 11.
35. ‘List of Symbols with Units Recommended for Use in
Biotechnology (Provisional)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1982, 54,
36. ‘Physicochemical Quantities and Units in Clinical
Chemistry with Special Emphasis on Activities and Activity Coefficients
(Recommendations 1986)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1984, 56, 567.
37. ‘Nomenclature of Prenols (Recommendations 1986)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1987, 59, 683.
38. ‘Nomenclature and Symbols for Folic Acid and Related
Compounds (Recommendations 1986) Pure Appl. Chem. 1987, 59,
39. ‘Nomenclature of Glycoproteins, Glycoproteins and
Peptidoglycans Recommendations 1985)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1988,
40. ‘Recommendations for Nomenclature and Tables in
Biochemical Thermodynamics (Recommendations 1994)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1994, 66, 1641.
41. ‘Nomenclature of Lignans and Neolignans
(Recommendations 2000)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 2000, 72, 1493.
III. Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, Analytical
Nomenclature, and Electrochemistry
Inorganic Chemistry
 1. ‘Nomenclature or Inorganic Chemistry, Recommendations
1990’ (The ‘Red Book’), Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford – London –
Edinburgh – Boston – Melbourne, 1990.
 2 ‘How to Name an Inorganic Substance. A Guide to the Use
of Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd ed., 1971’ Pergamom Press, New York,
 3. ‘Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, II. 1.
Isotopically Modified Compounds (Recommendations 1981)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1981, 53, 1887.
 4. ‘Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, II. 2. The
Nomenclature of Hydrides of Nitrogen and Derived Cations, Anions and Ligands’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1982, 54, 2545.
 5. ‘Nomenclature of Inorganic Boron Compounds’, Pure
Appl. Chem. 1972, 30, 681.
 6. ‘Recommendations for the Naming of Elements of Atomic
Numbers Greater than 100’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1979, 51, 381.
 7. ‘Element by Element Review of their Atomic Weights.’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1984, 56, 695.
 8. ‘New Notations in the Periodic Table’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 1988, 60, 431.
 9. ‘Atomic Weights of the Elements 1993’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 1994, 66, 2423.
10. ‘Glossary of Terms Used in Bioinorganic Chemistry
(Recommendations 1997)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1997, 69, 1251.
11. ‘Nomenclature of Inorganic Chains and Ring Compounds
(Recommendation 1997)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1997, 69, 1659.
12. ‘Isotopic Composition of the Elements’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 1998, 70, 217.
13. ‘Names for Inorganic Radicals (Recommendations 2000)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2000, 72, 473.
14. ‘Terminology for Compounds in the Si-Al-O-N System
(Recommendations 1999)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1999, 71, 1765.
15. ‘Naming of new Elements (Recommendations 2002)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2002, 74, 787.
16. ‘Name and Symbol of the Element with Atomic Number 111 (Recommendations
2004)’, Pure Appl. Chem.2004, 76, 2101.
‘Nomenclature of
Inorganic Chemistry, IUPAC Recommendations 2005’,
RSC Publishing, Cambridge, UK, 2005.
18. ‘Names and Symbols of the Elements with Atomic Numbers 114 and 116 (IUPAC
Recommendations 2012)’, Pure Appl. Chem.2012, 84, 1669.
19. ‘Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (IUPAC Technical Report)’, Pure Appl. Chem.2013,
20. ‘Terminology of Metal–Organic Frameworks and Coordination
Polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2013)’, Pure Appl. Chem.2013,
Analytical Nomenclature
 1. ‘Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature (Definitive
Rules 1977)’, IUPAC, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1978.
 2. ‘Nomenclature for Thermal Analysis IV (Provisional)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1981, 53, 1597.
 3. ‘Recommendations for Publishing Manuscripts on
Ion-Selective Electrodes’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1981, 53, 1907.
 4. ‘Recommendation for Publication of Papers on
Precipitation Methods of Gravimetric Analysis’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1981,
 5. ‘Nomenclature for Thermal Analysis II and III’;
Pure Appl. Chem. 1980, 52, 2385.
 6. ‘Recommended Nomenclature for Scales of Working in
Analysis’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1979, 51, 43.
 7. ‘Guide to Trivial Names, Trade Names, and Synonyms for
Substances Used in Analytical Nomenclature’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1978,
 8. ‘Recommendations on the Usage of the Terms
‘Equivalent’ and ‘Normal’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1978, 50, 325.
 9. ‘Recommendations for Nomenclature of Ion-Selective
Electrodes’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1976, 48, 127.
10. ‘Proposed Terminology and Symbols for the Transfer of
Solutes from One Solvent to Another’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1978, 50,
11. ‘Recommended Nomenclature for Titrimetric Analysis’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1969, 18, 427.
12. ‘Recommendations for the Presentation of the Results
of Chemical Analysis’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1969, 18, 437.
13. ‘Recommended Symbols for Solution Equilibria’, Pure
Appl. Chem. 1969, 18, 457.
14. ‘Recommended Nomenclature for Liquid-Liquid
Distribution’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1970, 21, 109.
15. ‘Recommended Nomenclature for Automatic Analysis’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1970, 21, 527.
16. ‘Recommendations on Ion-Exchange Nomenclature’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1972, 29, 617.
17. ‘Nomenclature for Chromatography (Recommendations
1993)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1993, 65, 819.
18. ‘Recommendations on Nomenclature for Contamination
Phenomena in Precipitation from Aqueous Solutions’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1974, 37, 463.
19. ‘Recommendations on Nomenclature for Thermal Analysis
(Rules 1972)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1974, 37, 439.
20. ‘Recommendations for the Usage of Selective,
Selectivity, and Related Terms in Analytical Chemistry’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1984, 55, 553.
21. ‘Recommendations on the Use of the Term Amplification
Reactions’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1982, 54, 2553.
22. ‘Recommendations for Publication of Papers on a New
Analytical Method Based on Ion Exchange or Ion-Exchange Chromatography’, Pure
Appl. Chem. 1980, 52, 2553.
23. ‘Recommendations for Presentation of Data on
Compleximetric Indicators, I. General’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1979,
24. ‘Glossary of Terms Used in Nuclear Analytical
Chemistry (Provisional)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1982, 54, 1533.
25. ‘Nomenclature, Symbols, and Units Recommended for
in-situ Microanalysis (Provisional)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1983,
26. ‘General Aspects of Trace Analytical Methods. IV.
Recommendations for Nomenclature, Standard Procedures, and Reporting of
Experimental Data for Surface Analysis Techniques’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1979, 51, 2243.
27. ‘Definition of pH Scales, Standard References Values,
Measurement of pH and Related Technology (Recommendations 1984)’, 1985,
28. ‘Thermodynamic Functions of Transfer of Singles Ions
from Water to Nonaqueous and Mixed Solvents. Part 2. Enthalpies and Entropies of
Transfer to Nonaqueous Solvents’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1985, 57,
29. ‘Thermodynamic Functions of Transfer of Single Ions
from Water to Nonaqueous and Mixed Solvents. Part 3. Standard Potentials of
Selected Electrodes’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1985, 57, 1129.
30. ‘Definition and Determination of Response Time of Ion
Selective Electrodes’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1986, 58, 469.
31. ‘Characteristics of Liquid Stationary Phases and
Column Evaluation for Gas Chromatography’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1986,
32. ‘Nomenclature for Automated and Mechanised Analysis (Recommandations
1989)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1989, 61, 1657.
33. ‘Recommended Methods for the Purification of Solvents
and Tests for Impurities: 1-Propanol, 2-Propanol, and 2-Methyl-2-propanol’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1986, 58, 1411.
34. ‘Recommended Methods for Purification of Solvents and
Tests for Impurities: Acetone’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1986, 58,
35. ‘Recommended Methods for Purification of Solvents and
Tests for Impurities: Nitromethane’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1986, 58,
36. ‘Reference Materials for Fluorescence Measurements’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1988, 60, 1107.
37. ‘Molecular Absorption Spectroscopy, Ultraviolet and
Visible (UV/VIS) (Recommendations 1988)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1988,
38. ‘Nomenclature for Sampling and Analytical Chemistry
(Recommendations 1990)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1990, 62, 1193.
39. ‘Gibbs Energies of Transfer into Aqueous Alcohols’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1990, 62, 899.
40. ‘Total Half-lives for Selected Nuclides’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 1990, 62, 941.
41. ‘Nomenclature of Kinetic Methods of Analysis
(Recommendations 1993)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1993, 65, 2291.
42. ‘Nomenclature in Evaluation of Analytical Methods
Including Detection and Quantification Capabilities (Recommendations 1995)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1995, 67, 1699.
43. ‘Nomenclature of Non-linear Chromatography
(Recommendations 1996)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1996, 82,
44. ‘Selectivity in Analytical Chemistry (Recommendations
2001)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 2001, 73, 1381.
45. ‘Glossary
of Terms Related to Solubility (IUPAC Recommendations 2008)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2008, 80,
Electrochemistry
 1. ‘Eletrochemical Nomenclature’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1974, 37, 499.
 2. ‘Recommendations on Reporting Electrode Potentials in
Nonaqueous Solvents (Recommendations 1983)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1984,
 3. ‘Nomenclature for Transport Phenomena in Electrolytic
Systems’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1981, 53, 1827.
 4. ‘Electrode Reaction Orders, Transfer Coefficients, and
Rate Constants. Amplification of Definitions and Recommendations for Publication
of Parameters’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1980, 52, 233.
 5. ‘Classification and Nomenclature of Electroanalytical
Techniques’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1976, 45, 81.
 6. ‘Recommendations for Sign Conventions and Plotting of
Electrochemical Data’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1976, 45, 131.
 7. ‘Recommended Terms, Symbols, and Definitions for
Electroanalytical Chemistry (Recommendations 1985)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1985, 57, 1491.
 8. ‘Proposed Terminology and Symbols for the Quantity
Representing the Transfer of Solutes from One Solvent to Another’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 1978, 50, 587.
 9. ‘Standard Potentials of Amalgam Electrodes in Aqueuos
Solutions, Temperature Coefficients and Activity Coefficients of Metals in
Mercury’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1985, 57, 169.
10. ‘Interphases in Systems of Conducting Phases
(Recommendations 1985)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1986, 58, 437.
11. ‘The Absolute Electrode Potential: An Explanatory Note
(Recommendations 1986)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1986, 58, 955.
12. ‘Electrochemical Corrosion Nomenclature
(Recommendations 1988)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1989, 61, 19.
13. ‘Terminology in Semiconductor Electrochemistry and
Photoelectrochemical Energy Conversion (Recommandation 1991)’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 1991, 63, 569.
14. ‘Terminology and Notations for Multistep
Electrochemical Reaction Mechanisms (Recommendations 1994)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1994, 66, 2445.
15. ‘Recommendations for Nomenclature of Ion-Selective
Electrodes (Recommendations 1994)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1994, 66,
IV. Physical Chemistry
 1. ‘Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical
Quantities and Units (1979 Edition)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1979, 51,
 2. ‘Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical
Quantities and Units. Appendix IV. Notation of States and Processes,
Significance of the ‘Standard’ in Chemical Thermodynamics’, and Remarks on
Commonly Tabulated Forms of Thermodynamic Functions’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1982, 54, 1239.
 3. ‘A Guide to Procedures for the Publication of
Thermodynamic Data’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1972, 29, 395.
 4. ‘Assignment and Presentation of Uncertainties of
Numerical Results of Thermodynamic Measurements (Provisional)’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 1981, 53, 1805.
 5. ‘Calorimetric Measurements on Cellular Systems:
Recommendations for Measurements and Presentation of Results (Provisional)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1982, 54, 671.
 6. ‘Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical
Quantities and Units. Appendix I. Definition of Activities and Related
Quantities’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1979, 51, 37.
 7. ‘Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical
Quantities and Units. Appendix V. Symbolism and Terminology in Chemical Kinetics
(Provisional)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1981, 53, 753.
 8. ‘Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical
Quantities and Units. Appendix II. Definitions, Terminology, and Symbols in
Colloid and Surface Chemistry, Part I’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1972,
31, 577; Part II. Heterogeneous Catalysis (Rules Approved 1975)’, Pure
Appl. Chem. 1976, 46, 71.
 9. ‘Definitions, Terminology, and Symbols in Colloid and
Surface Chemistry. Part 1.14: Light Scattering (Provisional),’ Pure Appl.
Chem. 1983, 55, 931.
10. ‘Reporting Experimental Pressure-Area Data with Film
Balances (Recommendations 1984)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1985, 57,
11. ‘Reporting Physisorption Data for Gas/Solid Systems
with Special Reference to the Determination of Surface Area and Porosity
(Provisional)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1982, 54, 2201.
12. ‘Reporting Experimental Data Dealing with Critical
Micellization Concentrations (c.m.c.’s) of Aqueous Surfactant Systems’, Pure
Appl. Chem. 1979, 51, 1083.
13. ‘Chemical Nomenclature and Formulation of Compositions
and Synthetic and Natural Zeolites’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1979, 51,
14. ‘Manual of Symbols and Terminology Physicochemical
Quantities and Units. Appendix II. Definitions, Terminology, and Symbols in
Colloid and Surface Chemistry. Part 1.13. Selected Definitions, Terminology, and
Symbols for Rheological Properties’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1979, 51,
15. ‘Expression of Results in Quantum Chemistry’, Pure
Appl. Chem. 1978, 50, 77.
16. ‘Recommended Standards for Reporting Photochemical
Data (Recommendations 1983)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1984, 56,
17. ‘Test Data for Normal Coordinate Calculations’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1985, 57, 121.
18. ‘Reporting Physisorption Data for Gas/Solid Systems
with Special Reference to the Determination of Surface Area and Porosity
(Recommendations 1984)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1985, 57, 603.
19. ‘Presentation of Molecular Parameter Values for
Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy (Recommendations 1988)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1988, 60, 1385.
20. ‘Polarographic Half-Wave Potentials of Cations
Nonaqueous Solvents’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1990, 62, 1839.
21. ‘A Glossary of Terms Used in Chemical Kinetics,
Including Reactions Dynamics (Recommendations 1996)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1996, 82, 149.
22. ‘Acronyms Used in Theoretical Chemistry’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 1996, 82, 387.
23. ‘Nomenclature of Structural and Compositional
Characteristics of Orderd Microporous and Mesoporous Materials with Inorganic
Hosts (Recommendations 2001)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 2001, 73,
24. ‘Definition of the Hydrogen Bond (IUPAC Recommendations 2011)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2011, 83,
25. ‘Definition of the Halogen Bond (IUPAC Recommendations 2013)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2013, 85,
V. Spectroscopy
 1. ‘Recommendations for the Presentation of NMR Data for
Publication in Chemical Journals’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1972, 29,
 2. ‘Presentation of NMR Data for Publication in Chemical
Journals. B. Conventions Relating to Spectra from Nuclei Other than Protons’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1967, 45, 217.
 3. ‘Recommendations for Publication of Papers on Methods
of Molecular Absorption Spectrophotometry in Solution in between 200 and 800
nm’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1978, 50, 237.
 4. ‘Recommendations for Nomenclature and Symbolism for
Mass Spectroscopy (Recommendations 1991)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1991,
 5. ‘Nomenclature and Conventions for Reporting
M?ssbauer Spectroscopy Data’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1976, 45,
 6. ‘Nomenclature and Spectral Presentation in Electron
Spectroscopy Resulting by Excitation by Photons’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1976, 45, 221.
 7. ‘Definitions and Symbolism of Molecular Constants’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1978, 50, 1707.
 8. ‘Nomenclature, Symbols, Units, and their Usage in
Spectrochemical Analysis. Part I: General Atomic Emission Spectroscopy’, Pure
Appl. Chem. 1972, 30, 651.
 9. ‘Nomenclature, Symbols, Units, and their Usage in
Spectrochemical Analysis. Part II: Data Interpretation’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1976, 45, 99.
10. ‘Nomenclature, Symbols, Units, and their Usage in Spectrochemical
Analysis. Part III: Analytical Flame Spectroscopy and Associated Non-Flame
Procedures’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1976, 45, 105.
11. ‘Nomenclature, Symbols, Units, and their Usage in
Spectrochemical Analysis. Part IV: Radiation Sources (Provisional)’, Pure
Appl. Chem. 1981, 53, 1913.
12. ‘Nomenclature, Symbols, Units, and their Usage in
Spectrochemical Analysis. Part V: Radiation Sources (Provisional)’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 1981, 53, 1913.
13. ‘Nomenclature, Symbols, Units, and their Usage
in Spectrochemical Analysis. Part VI: Molecular Luminescence Spectroscopy’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1984, 56, 231.
14. ‘Names, Symbols, Definitions and Units of Quantities
in Optical Spectroscopy (Recommendations 1984)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1985,
15. ‘Nomenclature, Symbols, Units, and their Usage in
Spectrochemical Analysis – V. Radiation Sources (Recommendations 1985)’, Pure
Appl. Chem. 1985, 57, 1453.
16. ‘Quantitative Characterization of Procedures Using
Ultraviolet and Visible Molecular Absorption Spectrophotometry’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 1986, 58, 1015.
17. ‘Nomenclature System for X-Ray Spectroscopy
(Recommendations 1991)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1991, 63, 735.
18. ‘English-Derived Abbreviations for Experimental
Techniques in Surface Science and Chemical Spectroscopy (Recommendations 1991)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1991, 63, 887.
19. ‘Guidelines on Nuclear Magnetic Computerized Databases
(Recommendations 1995)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1995, 67, 593.
20. ‘Instrumentation for the Spectral Dispersion and
Isolation of Optical Radiations (Recommendations 1995)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1995, 67, 1725.
21. ‘Detection of Radiation (Recommendations 1995)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1995, 67, 1745.
22. ‘Laser-Based Molecular Spectroscopy for Chemical
Analysis: Laser Fundamentals (Recommendations 1995)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1995, 67, 1913.
23. ‘Symmetry, Selection Rules and Nomenclature Surface
Spectroscopy (Recommendations 1996)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1996, 82,
24. ‘Nomenclature, Symbols, Units, and their Usage in
Spectrochemical Analysis – XVI. Laser-Based Molecular Spectroscopy for Chemical
Analysis – Luminescence (Recommendations 1997)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1997,
25. ‘Nomenclature, Symbols, Units, and their Usage in
Spectrochemical Analysis – XVII. Laser-Based Molecular Spectroscopy for Chemical
Analysis – Raman Scattering Processes (Recommendations 1997)’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 1997, 69, 1451.
26. ‘Recommendations for the Presentation of NMR
Structures of Proteins and Nucleic Acids (Recommendations 1998)’, Pure Appl.
Chem. 1998, 70, 117.
27. ‘Nomenclature, Symbols, Units, and their Usage in
Spectrochemical Analysis – XVI. Laser-Based Atomic Spectroscopy: A New Notation
for Spectrochemical Processes (Recommendations 1997)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1998, 70, 517.
28. ‘NMR Nomenclature. Nuclear Spin Properties and
Conventions for Chemical Shifts (Recommendations 2001)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
2001, 73, 1795.
29. ‘Quantities, Terminology, and Symbols in Photothermal and Related
Spectroscopies (Recommendations 2004)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 2004,
30. ‘Definitions of Terms Relating to Mass Spectrometry (IUPAC
Recommendations 2013)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 2013,
VI. Macromolecular Chemistry
 1. ‘Stereochemical Definitions and Notations Relating to
Polymers (Recommendations 1980)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1981, 53,
 2. ‘Nomenclature of Regular Single-Strand Organic
Polymers (Rules Approved 1975)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1974, 48,
 3. ‘List of Standard Abbreviations (Symbols) for
Synthetic Polymers and Polymer Materials (1974)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1974, 40, 473.
 4. ‘Basic Definitions of Terms Relating Polymers (1974)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1974, 40, 477.
 5. ‘Recommendations for Abbreviations of Terms Relating
to Plastics and Elastomers’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1968, 18,
 6. ‘Nomenclature for Regular Single-Strand and Quasi
Single-Strand Inorganic and Coordination Polymers (Recommendations 1984)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 1985, 57, 149.
 7. ‘Source-Base Nomenclature for Copolymers
(Recommendations 1985)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1985, 57, 1427.
 8. ‘Use of Abbreviations for Names of Polymeric
Substances (Recommendations 1986)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1987, 59,
 9. ‘A Classification of Linear Single-Strand Polymers
(Recommendations 1988)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1989, 61, 243.
10. ‘Definitions of Terms Relating Individual
Macromolecules, their Assemblies, and Dilute Polymer Solutions (Recommendations
1988)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1989, 61, 211.
11. ‘Definitions of Terms Relating to Crystalline Polymers
(Recommendations 1988)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1989, 61, 769.
12. ‘The Study of Microstructures Poly(vinyl alcohol) by
NMR’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1990, 62, 2139.
13. ‘Nomenclature of Regular Double-Strand (Ladder or
Spiro) Organic Polymers (Recommendations 1993)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1993,
14. ‘Structure-Based Nomenclature for Irregular
Single-Strand Organic Polymers (Recommendations 1994)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1994, 66, 873.
15. ‘Graphic Representations (Chemical Formulae) of
Macromolecules (Recommendations 1994)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1994,
16. ‘Basic Classification and Definitions of
Polymerization Reactions (Recommendations 1994)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1994, 66, 2469.
17. ‘Terminology for Membranes and Membrane Processes
(Recommendations 1996)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1996, 82, 1479.
18. ‘Definition of Terms Relating to the Non-ultimate
Mechanical Properties of Polymers (Recommendations 1998)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
1998, 70, 701.
19. ‘Definitions of Basic Terms Relating to
Low-Molecular-Mass and Polymer Liquid Crystals (Recommendations 2001)’, Pure
Appl. Chem. 2001, 73, 845.
20. ‘Generic Source-Based Nomenclature for Polymers
(Recommendations 2001)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 2001, 73, 1511.
21. ‘Definitions of Basic Terms Relating to Polymer Liquid
Crystals (Recommendations 2001)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 2002, 74,
22. ‘Definitions Relating to Stereochemically Asymmetric
Polymerizations (Recommendations 2001)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 2002,
23. ‘Nomenclature of Regular Single-Strand Organic
Polymers (Recommendations 2002)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 2002, 74,
24. ‘Errata to Generic Source-Based Nomenclature
for Polymers (Recommendations 2001)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 2002, 74,
25. ‘Definitions of Terms Relating to Reactions of Polymers and to Functional
Polymeric Materials (Recommendations 2003)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 2004,
26. ‘Definitions of Terms Related to Polymer Blends, Composites, and
Multiphase Polymeric Materials (Recommendations 2004)’, Pure Appl. Chem.
‘Structure-Based
Nomenclature for Cyclic Organic Macromolecules (IUPAC Recommendations 2008)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2008, 80,
‘Glossary of Terms
Related to Kinetics, Thermodynamics, and Mechanisms of Polymerization (IUPAC
Recommendations 2008)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2008, 80,
‘Glossary of Class
Names of Polymers Based on Chemical Structure and Molecular Architecture (IUPAC
Recommendations 2009)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2009, 81,
‘Definitions of
Terms Relating to Crystalline Polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2011)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2011, 83,
‘Terminology of
Polymers and Polymerization Processes in Dispersed Systems (IUPAC
Recommendations 2011)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2011, 83,
‘Terminology for Biorelated Polymers and Applications (IUPAC
Recommendations 2012)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2012, 84, 377.
33. ‘Terminology and Nomenclature for Macromolecular Rotaxanes and Pseudorotaxanes (IUPAC
Recommendations 2012)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2012, 84,
‘Terminology for Aggregation and Self-Assembly in Polymer Science (IUPAC
Recommendations 2013)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 2013, 85, 463.
35. ‘Glossary of Terms Relating to Thermal and Thermomechanical Properties of
Polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2013)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 2013, 85,
VII. Miscellaneous
 1. ‘Use of Abbreviations in the Chemical Literature
(Recommendations 1979)‘, Pure Appl. Chem. 1980, 52, 2229.
 2. ‘Glossary for Chemists of Terms Used in Biotechnology
(Recommendations 1992)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1992, 64, 143.
 3. ‘Units for Use in Atmospheric Chemistry
(Recommendations 1995)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 1995, 67, 1377.
 4. ‘Compendium of Chemical Terminology (IUPAC
Recommendations)’, compiled by A.&D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson, Blackwell
Science, 1997.
 5. ‘Glossary of Terms Used in Medicinal Chemistry
(Recommendations 1998)’, , Pure Appl. Chem. 1998,
 6. Graphical
Representation of Stereochemical Configuration (Recommendations 2006)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2006, 78,
 7. Graphical
Representation Standards for Chemical Structure Diagrams (IUPAC Recommendations
Pure Appl. Chem. 2008, 80,
 8. Glossary of
Terms Used in Ecotoxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2009)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. 2009, 81,
 9. Glossary of Terms Related to Pharmaceutics (IUPAC Recommendations 2009)’,
Pure Appl. Chem. . 2009, 81,
10. Glossary of Terms Used in Biomolecular Screening (IUPAC Recommendations
Pure Appl. Chem.m. 2011, 83, 1129.
11. Glossary of Terms Used in Medicinal Chemistry. Part II (IUPAC Recommendations
2013)’, Pure Appl. Chem. 2013, 85, 1725.
Some Symbols and Abbreviations Used by HCA
Designation
Amount-of-substance concentration   or
‘molarity’a)
in mol/dm3, e.g., 1m
Molalitya)
in mol/ e.g., 1&m HCl
Normalitya)
in equiv./dm3; e.g.,
Percentage by mass
Percentage by volume
e.g., 20% (v/v)
Melting point
e.g., m.p. 157 – 158°
Boiling point
e.g., b.p. 111 – 112°
Boiling point under a certain
e.g., b.p. 65°/4&Torr
Freezing point
e.g., f.p. 3°
Refractive index
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