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Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we "fit" in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader, and so on.The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the statuses that various situations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly.A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the costume(服装) of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocketbook (钱包). Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apart from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statuses too come ready made, and the range of choice among them is limited.1. In the first paragraph, the writer tells us that statuses can help usA. determine whether a person is fit for a certain jobB. behave appropriately in relation to other peopleC. protect ourselves in unfamiliar situationsD. make friends with other people2. What does the word “property” (Line 5, Para. 1) mean? A. Money B. HouseC. ChildD. Jewels 3. According to the writer, people often assume different statusesA. in order to identify themselves with othersB. in order to better identify othersC. as their mental processes changeD. as the situation changes4. The word "appraisal" (Line5, Para.2) most probably means "_____A. involvement
B. appreciation
C. assessment
D. presentation5. What do people compare statuses to? A. People regard statuses as clothes.B. People regard statuses as their relativesC. People regard statuses as their pocket-money.D. None of them6. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the pronoun “it” refers to “________”.A. fitting our actions to those of other people appropriatelyB. identification of other people's statusesC. selecting one's own statusesD. constant mental process7. By saying that "an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince" (Lines 2-3, Para. 3), the writer meansA. different people have different styles of clothesB. ready-made clothes may need alterationsC. statuses come ready made just like clothesD. our choice of statuses is limited8. Which of the following statements is true? A. Statuses are only useful out of home.B. Children don’t need statuses at all. C. One person may have more than one status at the same time. D. People can choose their statuses as long as they like.9. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Status help differ rich people from poor ones.B. Statuses help people to get fit into the society. C. People shouldn’t care more about status.D. Status is of no importance at all. 10. The best title for the passage should be? A. StatusB. Clothes C. Decision making D. CinderellaPassage 2Massive changes in all of the world’s deeply cherished sporting habits are underway. Whether it’s one of London’s parks full of people playing softball, and Russians taking up rugby, or the Super-bowl rivaling the British Football Cup Final as a televised spectator event in Britain, the patterns of players and spectators are changing beyond recognition. We are witnessing a globalization of our sporting culture.That annual bicycle race, the Tour de France, much loved by the French is a good case in point. Just a few years back it was a strictly continental affair with France, Belgium and Holland, Spain and Italy taking part. But in recent years it has been dominated by Colombian mountain climbers, and American and Irish riders.The people who really matter welcome the shift toward globalization. Peugeot, Michelin and Panasonic are multi-national corporations that want worldwide returns for the millions they invest in teams. So it does them literally a world of good to see this unofficial world championship become just that.This is undoubtedly an economic-based revolution we are witnessing here, one made possible by communications technology, but made to happen because of marketing considerations. Sell the game and you can sell Cola or Budweiser as well. The skilful way in which American football has been sold to Europe is a good example of how all sports will develop. The aim of course is not really to spread the sport for its own sake, but to increase the number of people interested in the major money-making events. The economics of the Super bowl are already astronomical. With seats at US $125, gate receipts alone were a staggering $ 10,000,000. The most important statistic of the day, however, was the $ 100,000,000 in TV advertising fees. Imagine how much that becomes when the eyes of the world are watching.So it came as a terrible shock, but not really as a surprise, to learn that some people are now suggesting that soccer change from being a game of two 45-minute halves, to one of four 25-minute quarters. The idea is unashamedly to capture more advertising revenue, without giving any thought for the integrity of a sport which relies for its essence on the flowing nature of the action.Moreover, as sports expand into world markets, and as our choice of sports as consumers also grows, so we will demand to see them played at a higher and higher level. In boxing we have already seen numerous, dubious world title categories because people will not pay to see anything less than a “World Tide” fight, and this means that the title fights have to be held in different countries around the world!11. Globalization of sporting culture means that ___.A. more people are taking up sports.B. traditional sports are getting popular.C. many local sports are becoming internationalD. foreigners are more interested in local sports 12. Which of the following is NOT related to the massive changes?A. Good economic returns. B. Revival of sportsC. Communications technology. D. Marketing strategies. 13. What is the author’s attitude towards the suggestion to change soccer into one of four 25-minute quarters?A. Favorable. B. Unclear. C. Reserved. D. Critical. 14. People want to see higher-level sports competitions mainly because___.A. they become more professional than ever.B. they regard sports as consumer goods.C. there exist few world-class championships.D. sports events are exciting and stimulating. 15. Which of the following words has similar meaning with "globalization"?A. commercializationB. popularizationC. speculationD. standardization
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