From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Gwen Renée Stefani (; born October 3, 1969) is an American singer, songwriter, and fashion designer. She is the co-founder and lead vocalist of the band
that experienced major success after their breakthrough studio album
(1995) along with various successful singles, including "", "", "", and "". During the band's hiatus, Stefani embarked on a solo
career in 2004 by releasing her debut studio album
Inspired by pop music from the 1980s, the album was met with both critical and commercial success. It spawned three commercially successful singles: "", "", and "", the latter reached number one on the
while also becoming the first US download to sell one million copies. In 2006 Stefani released her second studio album . The album produced two successful singles: "" and the album's title track "". Her third solo album
was released in March 2016 and became her first solo number-one album on the .
Stefani has won three . As a solo artist she has received various accolades, including an , ,
and two . In 2003, she debuted her clothing line
and expanded her collection with the 2005 Harajuku Lovers line, drawing inspiration from
and fashion. Stefani performs and makes public appearances with four back-up dancers known as the . She was married to British musician
from 2002 to 2015 and they have three sons.
magazine ranked Stefani the 54th most successful artist and 37th most successful Hot 100 artist of the 2000–09 decade.
ranked her 13th on their "100 Greatest Women in Music" list in 2012. Including her work with No Doubt, Stefani has sold more than 30 million albums worldwide.
Stefani was born on October 3, 1969, in , and raised
in . She was named after a stewardess in the 1968 novel , and her middle name, Renée, comes from ' 1968 cover of 's 1966 song "". Her father, Dennis Stefani, is
and worked as a
marketing executive. Her mother, Patti (née Flynn), worked as an accountant before becoming a housewife. Gwen's parents were fans of
and exposed her to music by artists like
and . She has two younger siblings, Jill and Todd, and an older brother named . Eric was the keyboardist for No Doubt before leaving the band to pursue a career in animation on .
Main article:
Stefani performing with No Doubt at
Her brother Eric introduced Gwen to
and , and in 1986, he invited her to provide vocals for No Doubt, a
band he was forming. Finally, in 1991, the band was signed to . The band released its
in 1992, but its ska-pop sound was unsuccessful due to the popularity of . Before the mainstream success of both No Doubt and , Stefani contributed guest vocals to "Saw Red" on Sublime's 1994 album . Stefani rejected the aggressiveness of female grunge artists and cited
singer 's combination of power and
as a major influence. No Doubt's third album,
(1995), which followed the self-released
(1995), took more than three years to make. Five singles were released from Tragic Kingdom, including "", which led the
year-end chart of 1997. Stefani left college for one semester to tour for Tragic Kingdom but did not return when touring lasted two and a half years. As of 2014, the album sold more than 16 million copies worldwide, In late 2000,
magazine named her "The Queen of Confessional Pop".
During the time when No Doubt was receiving mainstream success, Stefani collaborated on the singles "You're the Boss" with , "" with , and "" with . No Doubt released the less popular
in 2000, which expanded upon the
influences of Tragic Kingdom. Most of the lyrical content focused on Stefani's often rocky relationship with then- frontman
and her overall insecurities, including indecision on settling down and having a child. The band's 2001 album, , explored more
sounds, while maintaining the band's new wave influences, and generally received positive reviews. The album generated career-highest singles chart positions in the United States, and "" and "" received Grammy Awards. A greatest hits collection, , which includes a
of 's "", was released in 2003 to moderate sales. In 2002, Eve and Stefani won a
for "Let Me Blow Ya Mind". Stefani and
were featured on the album
by , which won the
in 2004 for Best Reggae Album, and showcased many notable musicians including , , , , , , , , , , , , Jackie Jackson, , and .
Stefani performing during the
Stefani's debut solo album
was released in November 2004. The album features a large number of collaborations with producers and other artists, including , , , , ,
and . Stefani created the album to modernize the music to which she listened when in high school, and L.A.M.B. takes influence from a variety of music styles of the 1980s and early 1990s such as new wave, synthpop, and . Stefani's decision to use her solo career as an opportunity to delve further into pop music instead of trying "to convince the world of [her] talent, depth and artistic worth" was considered unusual. As a result, reviews of the album were mixed, and it was described as "fun as hell but ... not exactly rife with
social commentary." The album debuted on the US
albums chart at number seven, selling 309,000 copies in its first week. L.A.M.B. was a commercial success reaching multi-platinum status in the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Canada.
The first single released from the album was "What You Waiting For?", which debuted atop the ARIA Singles Chart, charted at number 47 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and reached the top ten on most other charts. The song served to explain why Stefani produced a solo album and discusses her fears in leaving No Doubt for a solo career as well as her desire to have a baby. "" was released as the album's second single. A duet with rapper , and produced by , it is an adaptation of a 1990s pop song by British musicians , which itself is a very loose
lyrically but closer melodically of "", from the musical . "Rich Girl" proved successful on several formats, and reached the US and UK top ten. The album's third single "" became Stefani's first US and second Australian number- it reached top ten elsewhere. The song was the first US
to sell more than one million copies, and its -driven composition remained popular throughout 2005. The fourth single "" was released shortly following the popularity of its predecessor, reaching the top 20 in US and UK. The song's lyrics and its accompanying music video, filmed in , Italy, depict Stefani's former relationship with Kanal. "" was released as the album's fifth single, but did not perform as well as its predecessors. "" was released in early 2006 as the album's sixth single in lieu of Love. Angel. Music. Baby.'s sequel, which Stefani postponed because of her pregnancy.
In 2004, Stefani showed interest in making film appearances and began auditioning for films such as . She made her acting debut playing
in 2004. Scorsese, whose daughter was a No Doubt fan, showed reciprocal interest in casting Stefani after seeing her picture from a -inspired photo shoot for
in 2003. To prepare for the role, Stefani read two biographies and watched 18 of Harlow's films. Shooting her part took four to five days, and Stefani had few lines. Stefani lent her voice to the title character of the 2004 video game ; before completion, however, the company opted not to use No Doubt band members' voices.
Stefani performing during
Stefani's second studio album, , was released on December 1, 2006. Stefani continued work with Kanal, Perry, and , along with
from English rock band . The album focuses more heavily on
than its predecessor. Its release coincided with the DVD release of Stefani's first , entitled . The album received mixed reviews by critics, who found that it "has a surprisingly moody, lightly autobiographical feel ... but Stefani isn't convincing as a dissatisfied " and called the album a "hasty return" that repeats Love. Angel. Music. Baby. with less energy.
"", the album's , received mixed reviews by critics for its use of
of , but was moderately successful, peaking inside the top 10 in the US and the UK.
was well received and was a major success, reaching the top 10 in over 15 nations, including number two peaks in the US, Australia and the UK. To promote The Sweet Escape, Stefani was a mentor on the
and performed the song with Akon. The song earned her a
nomination for . Three more singles were rel "", "" which featured
and "". To promote the album, Stefani embarked on a worldwide tour, , which covered North America, Europe, Asia and the Pacific and part of Latin America. In an interview with
on June 6, 2011, Stefani stated that she had no plans to continue work as a solo artist, adding, "That was a moment in time ... It went on a little longer than we all thought it would, because it was inspired and you have to go with wherever you're at in that time in your life ... But everything works out how it should."
With Stefani promoting The Sweet Escape, No Doubt began work on a new album without her and planned to complete it after Stefani's The Sweet Escape Tour was finished. In March 2008, the band started making posts concerning the progression of the album on their official fan forum. Stefani made a post on March 28, 2008 stating that songwriting had commenced but was slow on her end because she was, at the time, pregnant with her second child. The Singles
became available on December 9, 2008 for the video game . Adrian Young played drums on 's album . No Doubt announced on their official website they wanted to tour in 2009 while finishing their upcoming album, which was set for release in 2010. On November 24, 2008, it was announced that No Doubt would be headlining the
in May, along with . The band completed a . In 2010, they resumed writing their record, which was later recorded in 2011.
On June 11, 2012, the band announced on their official website that the new album would be out on September 25, preceded by the first single on July 16. The album was titled
and the first single was a song called "". The music video for "Settle Down" was directed by
(who has previously directed numerous music videos for No Doubt). Also around this time No Doubt were guest mentors for the UK version of the X Factor. "Settle Down" peaked at 34 on the
with the album peaking at number three on the US Billboard 200. On November 3, 2012, the band pulled its music video "" from the Internet after receiving complaints that it was insensitive towards Native Americans.
On April 12, 2014, Stefani made a surprise appearance at the
festival, where she joined
onstage during his set to perform "Hollaback Girl". On April 29, it was officially confirmed that Stefani would join the seventh season of
as a coach, replacing . After nine years since the last time, she attended the , and during an interview on the red carpet she said, "I didn't know I was gonna have a baby, I didn't know I was gonna be on The Voice, I didn't know I was gonna be writing new music, so I'm just like, what's gonna be next?". Stefani appears as a featured artist on 's song "", co-written by , from the band's album , which was performed for the first time with
and an orchestra at the . Stefani also collaborated with
on the track "Together" from his album .
Stefani performing during the
On September 8, 2014, Stefani told
that she was working on both a No Doubt album and a solo album. She also revealed that she was working with Williams. Stefani released her comeback single "" on October 20, 2014, co-written with producers , , and . Billboard announced that her third studio album was set to be released in December with
serving as executive producer. In late October, a sneak peek of a new track from Stefani's third album, named "", was premiered. The song was produced by . On November 23, the full song premiered online and was made available for download on December 1. Both "Baby Don't Lie" and "Spark the Fire" were later scrapped from Stefani's third album. On January 13, 2015, Stefani and Williams also recorded a song titled "", for the
soundtrack. Stefani and
worked together on a ballad, called "Start a War" which was expected to be released on Stefani's third studio album as well, however it didn't make the final cut. On July 10, 2015, American rapper
featured Stefani on his single "", from the
film soundtrack. The track debuted and peaked at number 80 on the
chart, and matched first-week
sales of 35,000 copies.
On October 17, 2015, Stefani performed a concert as part of her
tour series at the
in New York City, where she performed a new song about her breakup with ex-husband Gavin Rossdale, titled "". It was released as a download on October 20, 2015. The video was released later that same day. The song was released to Mainstream radio in the U.S. on October 27, 2015. The track is the first official single off her third solo album , which she began working on summer 2015. Stefani said much of the previous material she worked on in 2014 felt forced and inauthentic, the opposite of what she had originally wanted. The album's second single, "", was released on February 12, 2016. This Is What the Truth Feels Like was released on March 18, 2016, and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 with 84,000
sold in its first week, earning Stefani her first number-one album on the chart as a solo artist. To further promote the album, Stefani will embark on her
with rapper
in the United States. The singer voiced DJ Suki in the animated film , which was released on November 4, 2016. She is also included on five songs from the . On September 8, 2016, Stefani announced that she would be performing at the final two shows at the
for October 29–30, as part of an event called . Additionally, American
will open for the two shows.
Stefani in September 2009
Stefani made most of the clothing that she wore on stage with No Doubt, resulting in increasingly eclectic combinations. Stylist
introduced her to
clothing, which led to Stefani launching a fashion line named
in 2004. The line takes influence from a variety of fashions, including Guatemalan, , and Jamaican styles. The line achieved popularity among celebrities and is worn by stars such as , , and Stefani herself. In June 2005, she expanded her collection with the less expensive Harajuku Lovers line, which she referred to as "a glorified merchandise line", with varied products including a camera, , and undergarments. In late 2006, Stefani released a limited edition line of dolls called "Love. Angel. Music. Baby. Fashion dolls". The dolls are inspired by the various fashion that Stefani and the Harajuku Girls wore while touring for the album.
In 2014, Stefani announced the production of an animated series about her and the Harajuku Girls. Along with Vision Animation and Moody Street Kids, Stefani has helped create the show which features her, Love, Angel, Music, and Baby as the band, HJ5, who fight evil whilst trying to pursue their music career. Mattel have signed on as the global toy licensee and the series itself,
will be distributed worldwide by .
In late summer 2007, Stefani launched a perfume, , as a part of her L.A.M.B. collection of clothing and accessories. The perfume has high notes of sweet pea and rose. In September 2008, Stefani released a fragrance line as a part of her Harajuku Lovers product line. There are five different fragrances based on the four Harajuku Girls and Stefani herself called Love, Lil' Angel, Music, Baby and G (Gwen). As of January 2011, Stefani has become the spokesperson for .
Soon after Stefani joined No Doubt, she and bandmate
began dating, to which she stated that she was heavily invested in the relationship. Stefani commented that "...all I ever did was look at Tony and pray that God would let me have a baby with him." During this time, the band almost split up because of the failed romantic relationship between Stefani and Kanal. Kanal ended the relationship. Their break-up inspired Stefani lyrically, and many of 's songs, such as "", "", and "", chronicle the ups and downs of their relationship.
During mid-1995, No Doubt and rock band
went on tour opening for alternative rock band . Stefani met Bush guitarist and lead singer . They married on September 14, 2002, with a wedding in , . A second wedding was held in Los Angeles two weeks later. According to Stefani, it was held so that she could wear her custom-designed
Stefani has three sons with R Kingston James McGregor Rossdale born on May 26, 2006, Zuma Nesta Rock Rossdale born on August 21, 2008, and Apollo Bowie Flynn Rossdale born February 28, 2014. On August 3, 2015, Stefani filed for
from Rossdale, citing "". Their divorce was finalized on April 8, 2016, to which Rossdale agreed to the "unequal split" of their assets. On November 4, 2015, Stefani and her The Voice co-star, country music artist , announced that they were dating.
Stefani possesses a , which can span several octaves. Stefani's unusual and dynamic vocals have been noted for their "deep " and Stefani has been described as having a "unique vocal prowess". The
stated that Stefani had a "brash ." In the single "", her
covers around one and a half . Kelefa Sanneh of
joked that as Stefani grew as a musician, she kicked her "addiction" to vibrato.
Stefani's debut album
took influence from a variety of 1980s genres Which included , , , , , , and
music. Stefani cited early , , , , ,
as major influences for the album. Several of the album's tracks were designed for clubs, and contained electro beats meant for dancing. Dealing with fashion and wealth, the singer name-drops several designers who she considered inspirations in her personal career, such as
and . Her second studio album
resembles musically its predecessor while exploring more modern pop sounds, dabbling heavily into genres such as
and . It carried on the same themes developed in Love. Angel. Music. Baby., and was criticized for doing so. , the singer's third album, continued Stefani's endeavors with the pop genre. However, she incorporated music from a variety of other genres, including , , and , in addition to the use of guitars. Stefani's lyrics shifted towards events that had recently occurred in her personal life, such as her divorce from husband Rossdale, and newfound relationship in Shelton. Additionally, the singer stated her album was not "about revenge" like others had interpreted it, and that it was actually "about forgiveness".
Stefani performing during the Harajuku Lovers Tour in 2005
Stefani began wearing a
in the mid-1990s after attending several family gatherings for , who is of Indian heritage. During No Doubt's breakthrough, Stefani wore the forehead decoration in several of the band's music videos and briefly popularized the accessory in 1997. First attracting attention in the 1995 music video for "Just a Girl", Stefani is known for her
and frequently wears shirts that expose it. Stefani's makeup design generally includes light face powder, bright red , she wrote about the subject in a song titled "Magic's in the Makeup" for No Doubt's Return of Saturn, asking "If the magic's in the makeup/Then who am I?". Stefani is a natural brunette, though her hair has not been its natural color since she was in . Since late 1994, she has had usually platinum blond hair. Stefani discussed this in the song "Platinum Blonde Life" on Rock Steady and played original blond bombshell
in the 2004 biopic . Despite appearing mostly with blonde hair, she also dyed her hair blue in 1998 and pink in 2000, when she appeared on the cover of Return of Saturn with pink hair.
In 2006, Stefani modified her image, inspired by that of 's character in the 1983 film . The reinvented image included a symbol consisting of two back-to-back 'G's, which appears on a diamond-encrusted key she wears on a necklace and which became a motif in the promotion of The Sweet Escape. Stefani raised concerns in January 2007 about her rapid
following her pregnancy. She later stated that she had been on a diet since the
to fit in size 4 clothing, commenting, "It's an ongoing battle and it's a nightmare. But I like clothes too much, and I always wanted to wear the outfits I would make." A wax figure of Stefani was unveiled at
Las Vegas at
on September 22, 2010. The release of Stefani's first solo album brought attention to her entourage of four , who appear in outfits influenced by
fashion, and are named for the area around the
of , Japan. Stefani's clothing also took influence from Japanese fashion, in a style described as a combination between
and Japan. The dancers are featured in her music videos, press coverage, and on the album cover for Love. Angel. Music. Baby., with a song named for and dedicated to them on the album. They were also featured in, and the namesake for, Stefani's .
magazine reported Stefani's earnings in 2008, calculating that she earned $27 million between June 2007 to June 2008 for her tour, fashion line and commercials, making her the world's 10th highest paid music personality at the time.
Main article:
Throughout her career as a solo artist, Gwen has won several music awards, including one , four , one , one , and two . With No Doubt, she has won two Grammy Awards. In 2005,
called her "the only true female rock star left on radio or MTV" and featured her on the magazine's cover. Stefani received the Style Icon Award at the first
in 2014. Additionally in 2016, the singer was honored at the
with a Hero Award, which is given to artists based on their personal contributions to various charitable works.
Stefani has been referred to as a "Pop Princess" by several contemporary music critics. In 2012,
listed the singer at the number thirteen on their list of "100 Greatest Women in Music". Stefani's work has influenced a number of artists and musicians including
of , , , , , , , , and . The latter group, a quartet of
musicians, claimed that both Stefani and No Doubt had helped influence their music, to which the lead singer of the group, Amanda Reifer, admitted that she would "pass out" if she were to ever meet Stefani.
The lead single from Love. Angel. Music. Baby., "What You Waiting For?", was considered by
to be one of the best singles by Stefani, and would later place it at number sixteen on their "Top 50 Singles of 2004" list. Additionally, "Hollaback Girl" from the aforementioned album would go on to be the first song to digitally sell an excess of one million copies in the United S it was certified platinum in both the United States and Australia, and peak at number forty-one on Billboard's decade-end charts for 2000–09. Since its release in 2005, "Hollaback Girl" has been called Stefani's "signature song" by Rolling Stone.
Following the , Stefani donated $1 million to 's Japan Earthquake–Tsunami Children in Emergency Fund. Stefani also ran an auction on
from April 11 to 25, 2011, allowing participants to bid on vintage clothing items from her personal wardrobe and custom T-shirts designed and signed by her, as well as on admission to a private Harajuku-themed tea party hosted by her on June 7, 2011 at Los Angeles' first-ever Japanese-style
space, Royal/T, with proceeds from the auction going to Save the Children's relief effort.
gala during the , Stefani auctioned off the lacy black dress she wore at the event for charity, raising over $125,000. The dress sparked controversy after a representative for designer Michael Angel—who helped Stefani with the design and worked as a stylist—alleged that it was Angel who created the gown, not Stefani. In response, Angel released a statement confirming that the dress was designed by Stefani for L.A.M.B. to wear and be auctioned off at the amfAR gala, adding, "I'm disappointed that the focus has shifted away from what Gwen and I originally intended, which was to create a custom outfit for a great cause. We both were thrilled with the outcome and enjoyed the process. I have nothing but respect for her and look forward to working with her on more projects in the future." Stefani hosted a fundraiser with
in August 2012 at the singer's
Main articles:
Musical guest
6 episodes
Herself (with No Doubt)
Episode: ""
Herself (with No Doubt)
Episode: ""
V video game
Aviator, The
Nominated—
Fashion Rocks
Documentary
Brain Fart
Documentary
Snowed Out lead singer (with No Doubt)
Episode: ""
Documentary
Herself (with No Doubt)
Episode: ""
2014–present
Voice, The
Judge (seasons 7, 9 and 12); advisor (seasons 8 and 10)
Through the Eyes of Faith
Documentary
DJ Suki (voice)
Murison, Krissi (December 10, 2004). .
Collis, Clark (November 22, 2006). .
Hiatt, Brian (January 19, 2006). .
. . 2009. Archived from
on September 30, .
. Billboard. 2009. Archived from
on October 8, .
Graham, Mark (February 13, 2012). . VH1. Archived from
on March 5, 2012.
McGibbon, Rob (May 13, 2007). . . Archived from
on May 19, .
Jeffries, David. .
Van Meter, Jonathan (April 2004). . . Archived from
on January 20, .
Entertainment Weekly, issue 910. Page 94, sidebar. December 8, 2006.
Hooper, Joseph (February 16, 2007). .
(258): 220. Archived from
on July 26, .
George, Kat (March 8, 2015). . VH1 2016.
. . Archived from
on September 16, .
Bush, John. . AllMusic 2014.
Strauss, Neil (January 31, 2002). . Rolling Stone. Archived from
on June 25, .
. Billboard. 109 (52): YE-36. December 27, 1997 – January 3, 1998.   2014.
Errico, Marcus (January 7, 1997). .
. CNN. January 6, .
Dunn, Jancee (December 14, 2000). . Rolling Stone 2014.
. . AllMusic 2007.
Willman, Chris (May 12, 2000). . Entertainment Weekly 2007.
Cinquemani, Sal. . . December 12, 2004. Retrieved April 30, 2007.
. AllMusic 2014.
“True Love - Linear CD Notes." Toots and the Maytals. tootsandthemaytals.net. Web. &&. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
Vineyard, Jennifer. . MTV. Archived from
Cinquemani, Sal (November 20, 2004). . Slant Magazine 2007.
Whitmire, Margo (December 1, 2004). . Billboard 2007.
. . June 16, .
. . April 24, 2006. Archived from
. Billboard 2011.
Vineyard, Jennifer (November 10, 2004). .
Salmon, Chris (March 2, 2007). .
. Ultratop 2011.
Vineyard, Jennifer (June 21, 2005). . MTV News 2016.
Vineyard, Jennifer (December 24, 2005). . MTV News 2016.
. . January 30, 2007. Archived from
on January 10, .
Vineyard, Jennifer (February 13, 2004). . MTV News 2016.
Vineyard, Jennifer (December 2, 2004). . MTV News 2016.
. . May 4, .
Hwang, Kaiser (January 23, 2004). .
. . Archived from
on September 29, .
(December 1, 2006). . Entertainment Weekly 2007.
(December 12, 2006). . Rolling Stone. Archived from
on April 20, .
Macia, Peter (October 25, 2006). . . Archived from
on January 4, .
. Ultratop 2011.
. . February 9, .
Anderson, Kyle (June 6, 2011). . Entertainment Weekly 2011.
Vineyard, J Richard, Yasmine (May 12, 2006). . MTV News 2016.
Cohen, Jonathan (December 12, 2006). . Billboard 2006.
. . 2008. Retrieved March 30, 2008.
Halperin, Shirley (August 28, 2008). . Entertainment Weekly 2009.
. . 2008. Retrieved November 22, 2008.
. Archived from
on June 6, .
. . June 11, 2012. Retrieved .
Toney, Veronica (November 5, 2012). .
Lipshutz, Jason (April 13, 2014). . Billboard 2014.
Ng, Philiana (April 29, 2014). . Billboard 2014.
Corriston, Michele (August 24, 2014). .
Kaufman, Gil (June 16, 2014). . MTV News 2014.
Spanos, Brittany (February 8, 2015). . Rolling Stone 2016.
Lynch, Joe (October 28, 2014). . Billboard 2016.
Garibaldi, C Alexis, Nadeska (September 8, 2014). . MTV News 2014.
Reed, Ryan (October 20, 2014). . Rolling Stone 2014.
Vena, Jocelyn (October 18, 2014). . Billboard 2014.
Garibaldi, Christina (October 21, 2014). . MTV News 2014.
Stern, Bradley (November 23, 2014). .
(US). Archived from
on December 30, .
Kreps, Daniel. . Rolling Stone 2015.
. Billboard 2015.
Mendizabal, Amaya (July 22, 2015). . Billboard 2015.
. Billboard.
Vain, Madison (October 19, 2015). . Entertainment Weekly 2016.
Kreps, Daniel (October 20, 2015). . Rolling Stone 2016.
Vain, Madison (October 20, 2015). . Entertainment Weekly 2016.
Kreps, Daniel (February 12, 2016). . Rolling Stone 2016.
Caulfield, Keith (March 28, 2016). . Billboard 2016.
Feeney, Nolan (April 18, 2016). . Entertainment Weekly 2016.
Warner, Kara (January 6, 2016). . People 2016.
Craddock, Lauren (August 22, 2016). . Billboard 2016.
Lewis, Randy (September 9, 2016). . Los Angeles Times 2016.
Skye Fadrowski, Kelli (September 9, 2016). . Orange County Register 2015.
Maxwell, A Freydkin, D Barker, Olivia (September 15, 2006). . USA Today. Archived from
on February 20, .
(January 27, 2005). . Rolling Stone. Archived from
on May 1, .
Freydkin, Donna (May 16, 2005). . USA Today 2007.
Ahearn, Victoria (December 1, 2006). . . Archived from
on December 4, .
. USA Today. Associated Press. September 5, .
Milligan, Mercedes (April 12, 2015). .
Langsworthy, Billy (April 13, 2015). .
Norman, Aimee (April 13, 2015). . Archived from
on May 18, 2015.
. Fragrantica 2016.
Rentmeester, Katherine Kluznik (January 13, 2011). . People 2011.
(January 30, 2005). .
Ali, Lorraine (August 30, 2004). . . Archived from
on June 14, .
Born to Be.
programming. Original airdate: March 2006. Retrieved November 13, 2006.
Montoya, Paris and Lanham, Tom. "Sunday Morning". 2003.
liner notes.
Springer, Debra (December 22, 2005). . People 2007.
Levy, Ariel (December 2004). . Blender. Archived from
on May 5, .
. Rolling Stone. May 30, 2006. Archived from
on June 25, .
Adler, Shawn (August 21, 2008). . MTV News 2008.
Deerwester, Jayme (March 1, 2014). . USA Today 2014.
. Rolling Stone. August 3, .
Chiu, Melody (April 20, 2016). . People 2016.
Petit, Stephanie (May 23, 2016). . People 2016.
Birmingham, Christy (June 24, 2014). . AXS 2014.
Sanneh, Kelefa (October 26, 2002). .
Gage, Josephine (October 27, 2009). . IGN 2010.
(July 5, 1997). .
Commercial sheet music for "Cool".
Music Publishing. Distributed by . Retrieved October 20, 2005.
Smith, RJ. . . Archived from
on October 31, .
Cinquemani, Sal (November 20, 2004). . Slant Magazine 2007.
Stewart, Allison (December 12, 2004). .
Mar, A Halperin, Shirley (October 1, 2004). . Rolling Stone 2013.
Boucher, Geoff (December 24, 2005). .
Vineyard, Jennifer (June 21, 2005). . MTV News 2015.
Soghomonian, Talia (January 2005). .
Day, Elizabeth (September 23, 2007). . The Guardian 2015.
. Entertainment Weekly. September 18, .
. Billboard. November 9, .
Huff, Quentin B. (December 14, 2006). .
Greenblatt, Leah (March 16, 2016). . Entertainment Weekly 2016.
Ryan, Patrick (March 17, 2016). .
Cooper, Leoni (March 17, 2016). .
Sheffield, Rob (March 18, 2016). . Rolling Stone 2016.
Grebey, James (October 18, 2015). . . Archived from
on June 27, .
Robinson, Lisa (April 2016). .
Stevenson, Jane (December 1, 2004). .
Laine, Tricia (October 16, 1998). . Entertainment Weekly 2007.
. . September 8, 2004. Retrieved April 17, 2007.
Toht, Betony . . Retrieved April 28, 2007.
Wloszczyna, Susan (April 26, 2004). . USA Today 2007.
Greenblatt, Leah (March 16, 2007). . Entertainment Weekly 2007.
Corcoran, Liz (April 12, 2007). . People 2007.
. . September 2010. Archived from
on November 18, .
Holson, Laura M. (March 13, 2005). .
Rose, Lacey (September 22, 2008). . Forbes. Archived from
on April 7, .
Eliscu, Jenny (January 27, 2005). . Rolling Stone 2014.
Steiner, Amanda Michelle (December 18, 2014). . People. Archived from
on December 19, .
Polanco, Luis (April 14, 2016). . Billboard 2016.
Boucher, Geoff (January 4, 2006). . : 1 2016.
Strecker, Erin (November 13, 2014). . Billboard 2016.
. Hello 2016.
. Music Times. December 5, .
Cinquemani, Sal (May 2, 2014). . NME 2014.
. Billboard. November 29, .
Garland, Emma (January 8, 2017). . Noisey. Vice Media 2017.
. MTV 2015.
Dunk, Marcus (April 13, 2007). .
Aspinall, Jasmine (November 5, 2012). .
. . September 15, .
. Contact Music. October 27, .
Sylvester, Nick (November 8, 2004). . Pitchfork. Archived from
on November 11, .
. Pitchfork. December 30, .
. . June 14, .
. Billboard. 2009. Archived from
on April 13, .
Hiatt, Brian (June 17, 2016). . Rolling Stone 2016.
Oldenburg, Ann (March 23, 2011). . USA Today 2011.
Lewis, Randy (April 2, 2011). .
(June 10, 2011).
(Press release). Los Angeles.
Rees, Alex (May 23, 2011). .
Donnelly, Erin (May 26, 2011). . FashionEtc 2011.
(Press release). PR Newswire. May 25, .
McDevitt, Caitlin (July 3, 2012). .
Wikimedia Commons has media related to .
Wikiquote has quotations related to:
discography at
Gwen Stefani
: Hidden categories:}