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下图是“印度主要农作物分布图”，读后回答下列问题：【小题1】填出图中下列字母所表示的农作物名称　　A________；B________；C________；D________；E________。【小题2】该国发展农业生产的有利条件是________________；最主要的不利条件是____________________。【小题3】A、B所示的农作物如图分布的主要原因是：____________________________。【小题4】由于推行________的成功，印度目前已由粮食进口国转变为粮食出口国。
答案【小题1】小麦水稻棉花茶叶黄麻【小题2】平原面积大，高原海拔不高，地面平坦，耕地面积大，水热资源丰富，土壤肥沃，灌溉水源充足，劳动力丰富，农业发展历史久；&&水旱灾害频繁【小题3】小麦分布在西部，降水量适宜，水稻分布在东部平原，那里降水量多，灌溉水源充足【小题4】绿色革命
解析【小题1】试题分析：印度地区主要的农作物为水稻、小麦、棉花、黄麻、茶等，这些农作物的分布与当地的自然环境有密切关系。印度北部为山区，中部为平原，南部为高原，降水较多的地区主要集中在东北部及印度半岛的东西两侧。水稻需水较多，因此水稻主要分布在平原地形，气候湿润，降水较多的地区，以印度东北部和半岛东西两侧的沿海地区种植面积最广；小麦、棉花抗旱能力强，棉花后期生长需更多光照，这些地区光照足，降水较少，地势和缓，灌溉水源充足，小麦主要分布在印度的西北部，恒河中上游地区；棉花主要分布在德干高原西北部地区；黄麻主要分布在气候湿润，地势低平，水源充足的恒河三角洲地区；茶叶主要分布在雨水充足，排水良好的低山地，以印度东北部种植面积最广。考点：印度主要农作物及分布地区点评：解答该题需要学生清楚，印度主要农作物的分布与当地的地形、气候有密切关系，因此学生需要明白印度的地形分布及气候因素。【小题2】试题分析：农业的发展与当地的自然环境与人文环境有关。有利条件：自然方面：首先，印度属热带季风气候，雨热同期，热量充足，适于农作物的生长；其次，恒河平原面积广，德干高原起伏和缓，耕地面积广，粮食产量大；再次，耕地地区有河流流过，有灌溉的水源；最后，土壤肥沃，农作物产量提高。人文方面：首先，劳动力丰富且廉价；其次，农业发展历史悠久；最后，交通便利，市场广阔。不利条件：自然方面：首先，降水过分集中于夏季，季节分配不均，容易出现旱涝灾害，不利于农作物的生长；其次，地势低平，排水不畅，易发生涝灾。人文方面：首先，人口众多，人多地少，降低了粮食生产的商品率，不利于农业经济的发展；其次，农业科技水平低。考点：印度发展农业的有利和不利条件点评：印度农业发展的有利和不利条件主要从自然环境与人文环境两个方面分析，不利条件主要以热带季风气候带来的水旱灾害为最典型。【小题3】试题分析：印度主要的粮食作物为水稻和小麦，水稻需水较多，因此主要分布在降水较多的东北部及沿海地区，地形以分布在平原地区为主，灌溉水源充足，以东部平原地区种植面积最广；小麦抗旱能力强，以集中在印度西部为主，这些地区降水适中，但是灌溉水源充足。考点：印度主要粮食作物的分布地区及原因点评：解答该题，要求学生清楚印度地形的分布，及降水分布多少，从而根据两种农作物的习性，确定分布地区及原因。【小题4】试题分析：众多的人口，使得印度成为粮食消费大国。但是，由于水旱灾害频繁、生产技术落后等原因，在20世纪的大部分时间里，印度每年需要进口大量的粮食。在20世纪60年代，印度实行了“绿色革命”，改进了粮食生产技术，粮食供应状况逐步得到改善。现在印度农业生产技术有了很大改进，粮食不仅能够自给，而且还有一定的余粮可供出口。印度的“绿色革命”：年，印度开始了靠先进技术提高粮食产量的“绿色革命”的第一次试验，结果粮食总产量有了大幅度提高，使印度农业发生了巨变。广义的绿色革命是指在生态学和环境科学基本理论的指导下，人类适应环境，与环境协同发展、和谐共进所创造的一切文化和活动。考点：印度的农业生产技术点评：解答该题，需要学生清楚带动印度农业生产发展的技术革命。关于转基因食品和作物安全性问题的海量研究文献(1)
关于转基因食品和作物安全性问题的海量研究文献(1)
这里有1000多篇关于转基因食品和作物安全性(大部分似为生态安全性)问题的研究文献名录,来自于美国一网站,此网站是具有倾向性的,但对转基因食品和作物安全性感兴趣的朋友,不妨找原文来认真研究,支持转基因食品和作物无安全问题的可以找出其缪误;认为转基因食品和作物存在安全问题也可以从中找到经得起考验的结论.
This compilation
is a sample of the scientific references including over 1000
studies, surveys, and analyses that suggest various
adverse impacts and potential adverse
impacts of genetically engineered (GE/GMO) crops, foods
and related pesticides. This
list contains references regarding health impacts,environmental
impacts, including impact of non-target organisms (NTOs),resistance
of target organisms, genetic drift and drift of
pesticides,horizontal gene transfer, unintended effects, as well as
references regarding yields, social
impact, ethics, economics and regulations. In most cases,
links are provided to the
abstracts for the references.
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