编辑点评：《Tingo的意思》是一本字典。这本书是一本涵盖了世界上众多语种的单词集，这些单词都有很特别。并不是说这些单词很“奇怪”，但它们确实都很难被翻译。
The Meaning Of Tingo
By Chris Rose
When you read in English, sometimes you will meet new words. It is a good idea to try to guess the meaning of the unknown words by looking at the context in which they appear before using a dictionary. This way you can become a more proficient reader.
I recently found a book by the writer Adam Jacot de Boinod called The Meaning Of Tingo. As a native speaker of English, I was a bit confused. I had never heard of this word &tingo&, and was curious about the title of the book.
As I soon found out, even if you are not a native speaker, then going to your dictionary and looking up the word &tingo& will not help. In fact, you probably won&t find the word &tingo& there at all, and not least because of the fact that &tingo& is not an English word. &Tingo&, it seems, is one of very many words which cannot be translated into English & or at least one of those words which are very difficult to try and translate into English, or even into your own native language.
The book The Meaning of Tingo is a kind of dictionary, but perhaps a dictionary you will not find useful in the same way that your usual dictionary is. The Meaning of Tingo is a list of words from languages all over the world which have very specific, not to say very unusual, meanings.
English is a language that has always been , taking words from other languages to enrich its own vocabulary. English has taken the words pyjamas from Hindi to describe the loose clothes you may wear when you go to bed,
from French to describe a particular kind of sweet bread roll, or
from Greek to describe a particularly bad event, or
from German to describe a particular mixture of fear and anger. And these are just a few of the many examples of words that English has made its own.
However, it is interesting to look at words that even a greedy language such as English has not (at least yet) made its own.
Japanese, for example, may have given us manga to describe a particular style of comic book, but the English have not yet adopted the useful expression katahara itai - laughing so much that your stomach hurts. The Japanese, it seems, have many such useful words & another one for example, is bakku-shan - a girl who appears pretty from behind but not from the front. Have you ever wanted to say that in merely one word? Now you can.
As well as Japanese, it seems that German is also a useful language. German often makes & words& & one or more words joined together to make a new word. Putzfimmel, for example, is a mania for cleaning while Backpfeifengesicht apparently describes the kind of face that people want to hit.
Jacot de Boinod&s book is not only amusing, but, he claims, shows that way in which a language is
linked to the culture in which it is spoken. Is it really true, then, that in Germany there are a lot of people who have faces which other people want to punch? Or that Japan has more than its share of of bakku-shan? The reader may not at first be convinced by this, but when you read that Hawaiians have 108 words for sweet potato, 65 for fishing nets and 47 for banana (simply because in Hawaii there are indeed 108 different kinds of sweet potato, 65 fishing nets and 47 different types of banana), it makes more sense. Albanians are famous for their moustaches & and indeed the Albanian language contains 27 different words for &&- madh, for example, is a bushy moustache, posht is a moustache hanging down at the ends while a fshes is a long moustache with short hairs. People from Holland and Belgium appear to be more fun-loving. Dutch has a word uitwaaien - &walking in windy weather for fun&, while people in the Netherlands apparently often go to plimpplampplettere. What are they doing? Just think about the sound & they are skimming stones on water.
More evidence of this link between language and culture can be seen in the words which different languages have for jobs which exist only in their cultures. Some of these jobs are pretty unusual: a koshatnik in Russian is a dealer in stolen cats, while Spanish speakers in central America often have to work with an aviador - a government employee who only shows up on payday.
So, what exactly does &tingo& mean then? Well, to find that out, you&ll just have to find the book. No, not really! It's from the Pascuense language of Easter Island, meaning &to borrow objects from a friend's house, one by one, until there's nothing left&.
POSTSCRIPT
Some reviewers of the book have said that it contains a number of mistakes. For example, the , or explanation of where words come from. They have also said that many definitions lack explanation, which suggests that his research is really quite . Perhaps most importantly, one reviewer noted that de Boinod writes that the word &papa& is used to mean &father& in 70% of all languages in the world. This seems interesting, but then the reveiwer points out that seeing as there are more than 6 000 langauges in the world (a fact which de Boinod includes), this means that he must have looked at around 4,200 languages & when he says that he looked at only 270 dictionaries!
小编：语言与文化总是息息相关。举个例子来说：因为夏威夷有108个品种的番薯，所以夏威夷俚语中真的有108种形容番薯的单词！&The Meaning of Tingo&是一本特殊的词典，这本词典里收录的单词都是那些很特别，甚至只有native speakers才懂的单词。这就是传说中的：&只能意会，不能言传&的词汇啊！
学语言的最终目的不是沟通吗？ 酷仔开这个场子，让大家尽情飙口语&
还在问口语烦恼？现在只要你每天花五分钟时间，就能get到口语技能&
enjoy & share free talk，所以请尽情的free～用英语说出你想说的&第三人称单数:
supplement是什么意思，词典释义与在线翻译：
增刊，赠刊，副刊
增补，补足，增加，追加
【数】补角，补弧
增补物，补充物，添加物
补充，增补，补足
为…补编附录
vt. 增补 make additions to
提示：各行业词典APP中含有本词条的独家正版内容，在手机上可看到更多释义内容。
supplemented&:&余 ...
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supplemented&:&补充, 附录 ...
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supplemented&:&增补, ...
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supplemented&:&附录 ...
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supplemented&:&增补, ...
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supplemented&:&补助 ...
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supplemented&:&增补；补码 ...
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textual matter that is adde usually at the end
a quantity added (e.g. to make up for a deficiency)
a supplementary component that improves capability
add as a supplement to wha
"supplement your diet"
"Vitamins supplemented his meager diet"
"He appended a glossary to his novel where he used an invented language"
supplement的用法和样例：
用作名词 (n.)
It comes out each week and it has a magazine supplement.
每周出版一期，还附有杂志增刊。
The upset supplement supplier went up with the puppet to the upper room for supper.
心烦意乱的增刊供给者与傀儡一起到上面的房间吃晚餐。
The money I got was a useful supplement to my ordinary income.
我得到的那笔钱是很管用的外快。
Man's work is rather the needful supplement to himself than the outcome of it.
一个人的工作更多地是他自身的必要补充,而非这种补充的结果。
用作及物动词 (vt.)
She gives private lessons to supplement her income.
她给私人授课以贴补收入。
I supplement my grant by working in the evenings.
我除享受助学金外还打夜工以增加收入。
I never refuse odd jobs to supplement my income it's all grist to the mill.
我为增加收入，对于做零活总是来者不拒--多多益善。
用作动词 (v.)
用作及物动词
S+～+ n./pron.
They had to get a job to supplement the family income.
他们不得不找一份工作以贴补家庭收入。
用作动词 (v.)
supplement by (v.+prep.)
(通过…)增补,补充 add to sth by (sth)
supplement sth by sth/v-ing
He supplements his ordinary income by writing books.他以编写书籍来增加日常的收入。
She supplements her regular income by doing a bit of teaching in the evenings.她靠晚上兼些课来增补固定收入。
He supplements his regular meals by eating between meals.他在两餐之间又补充吃点东西。
用于 be ～ed 结构
The text is supplemented by an adequate glossary.正文附有一个详细的词汇表。
supplement with (v.+prep.)
用…增补,补充 add to sth with (sth)
supplement sth with sth
She supplements her diet with eggs and fruit.她以鸡蛋和水果来补充她的饮食。
Farmers supplement natural fertilizer with chemical fertilizer.农民用化肥补充天然肥料。
用作动词 (v.)
补充天然肥料
充足地补充
有权威地补充
完全地补充
限定地补充
精心地补充
通过…来补充
用…来补充
用化肥补充天然肥料
Some vitamin supplement she took.
出自：B. Vine
He..supplemented his meal with..grapes.
出自：G. Gissing
Spare time in which to supplement his income by literary work.
出自：K. M. E. Murray
supplement的详细讲解：
supplement的基本意思是“增补”,指对已很完整的事物作增补,以使其进一步改进、丰富、提高。尽管所增加的东西对原事物的完全或完整并不是非有不可的,也不一定是相互依存的。
supplement用作及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语,宾语后常接with或 与with连用,强调“补充的东西”; 与by连用,强调“补充的方法”。
supplement还可用作可数名词,意为“补遗,补编”,此时其读音为 ［'s?plIm?nt］ 。例如:A supplement to this dictionary may be published next year.该词典的补编可能将于明年出版。
supplement, complement
这组词都有“补充”的意思。其区别是：
supplement指对已很完整的事物作增补,以使其进一步改进、丰富、提高。尽管所增加的东西对原事物的完全或完整并不是非有不可的,也不一定是相互依存的; 而complement则含有“使…完全〔完整〕”的意思,意味着它作为补充的东西是必不可少的,加上它才使被补充的东西更完备,更完美。
attachment
supplement
这些名词均含“附加物、增加物”之意。
:addition仅强调数量的增加。
:appendix指书末的附录。
:attachment指用于扩大原物用途的附件。
:supplement主要指使书、报等正文更完善而额外增加的部分。
:accessory作“附件”解时，与attachment同义，可互换，但还指增加美观的附属品。
☆ 14世纪晚期进入英语，直接源自拉丁语的supplementum，意为增补。
supplement的海词问答与网友补充：
supplement的相关资料：
supplemented&:&增补册，增 ...
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supplemented&:&增补物；补 ...
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