初一英语语法法。。( ) that the ...

& & & & & &that与which的用法区别
  两者都可指物,常可互换。其区别主要在于:
  1. 引导非限制性定语从句时,通常要用which:
  The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous. 水流湍急,使这条河很危险。
  He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn&t like. 他得在星期天工作,他是不喜欢这样的。
  The London team, which played so well last season, has done badly this season. 伦敦队上一个季度打得很好,这个季度却打得很差。
  2. 直接放在介词后作宾语时,通常要用which:
  She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her. 她可能晚到,那样我们就要等等她。
  The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他们找寻的文件已找到了。
  This morning some port wine came, for which I have to thank you. 今天早上送来一些波尔图葡萄酒,为此我得向你道谢。
  注:有时&介词+which&引导的定语从句可以转换成&介词+which+不定式&结构:
  He had only the long nights in which he could study. =He had only the long nights in which to study. 他只有漫漫长夜可用来学习。
  He had a couple of revolvers with which he could defend himself.= He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself. 他只有一两把手枪用来自卫。
  3. 当先行词是下列不定代词或被它们修饰时much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等时,通常用that:
  All that she lacked was training. 她缺的只是训练。
  Have you everything that you need? 你需要的东西都有了吗?
  The sleeping man&s subconscious mind retained everything that was said around him. 这位酣睡的人头脑的下意识能记住他周围的人说的话。
  She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents. 她父母不赞同的事她绝不会做。
  4. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same 等修饰时,通常用that:
  This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有这一个。
  Those are the very words that he used. 那是他的原话。
  5. 当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词(包括last, next等)等修饰时,通常用that:
  This is the best dictionary that I&ve ever used. 这是我用过的最好的词典。
  The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan. 你应该做的第一件事是订个计划。
  6. 当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时,通常用that:
  China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。
  7. 当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时,通常用that:
  They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他们谈论了使他们印象最深的人和事。
  8. 当要避免重复时:
  Which is the course that we are to take? 我们选哪门课程?
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之一般将来时基本用法详解
必背单词(1)
:同义词辨析
之短语动词
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初中英语语法专项练习题之代词
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  初中英语语法专项练习题之代词&&初中英语的学习更上了一个层次和难度,同学们在面对中考的时候难免为英语的复习有所发愁,所以小编整理了关于初中英语语法代词练习题及答案以供各位同学来纳西参考和巩固知识!
  ( ) 1 Though it rained heavily, ____ were still playing on the
playground.
  A. they B. them C. their D. themselves
  ( ) 2 Tom and ____ will go to see our teacher, for ___ is ill.
  A. I; she. B. she C. I; her D. her
  ( ) 3 Is___a boy or girl? A. she B. he C. one D. it
  ( ) 4 Only____know it.
  A. I and he B. he and you C. he and I D. I and you
  ( ) 1 I saw___ playing in the street at that time.
  A. them B. they C. their D. theirs
  2 Jim will give____ a short talk tomorrow.
  A. we B. us C. our D. ours
  ( ) 3 Please ask____ not to skate on the thin ice.
  A. they B. them C. their D. theirs
  ( ) 4 The pen is hers. Pass it to____, please.
  A. her B. she C. hers D. herself
  ( ) 5 Let me go and give the coat to____.
  A. he B. his C. himself D. him
  ( ) 6 They asked___ to do the work.
  A. you, he and I B. you, him and me C. I, you and he D. me, you and him
  ( ) 1 Who's that at the door? ____ is the postman.
  A. She B. This C. It D. He
  ( ) 2 -Who's that in the picture? A. It's me B. That's I C. This is a boy
  ( ) 3 -Look, who is coming? -___ must be our English teacher.
  A. She B. He C. It D. This
  ( ) 4 Someone is knocking at the door, but who can____ be?
  A. one B. he C. she D. it
  ( ) 1 ___ was late summer and the weather was very hot.
  A. That B. It C. This D. It's
  ( ) 2 What time is ____ now?
  A it B. all C. this D: that
  ( ) 3 ___ a heavy rain last night.
  A. There had B. We had C. It was D. There is
  ( ) 4 ___ is 200 kilometres from here to the natural park. We have to go
there by car.
  A. There B. It C. This D. The place
  ( ) 1 The bird built___ nest in the tree.
  A. it's B. her's C. hers D. its
  ( ) 2 Have you seen___pen, a black one?
  A. these B. my C. you D. hers
  3 Sorry I have forgot ____ telephone number.
  A. yours B. him C. you D. his
  ( ) I The bear was shot in___ head. ? A. the B. its C. a D. this
  ( ) 2 The old man took the girl by ____ hand and they went down the
  A. her B. a C. the D. that
  ( ) 3 He apologized to me for hitting me___ face.
  A. on the B. at the C. in the D. in my
  ( ) T Our room is big, but____ is bigger than____.
  A. our B. ours C. ours D. our
  ( ) 2 They aren't our books. Are they____?
  A. your B. his C. her D. their
  ( ) 3 Our room is bigger than ___.
  A. you B. your C. yours D. her
  ( ) 4 You have a good room, I should say. But it's not as big as___.
  A. I B. my C. me D. mine
  ( ) 1 ____ is the best season of the year?
  A. When B. What C. Which D. What time
  ( ) 2 o-____ is your sister?
  -She is a nurse.
  A. What B. Which C. How D. Who
  ( ) 3 -___ colour are your new shoes?
  -They are brown.
  A. Any B. Whose C. Which D. What
  ( ) 4 -___ is your classmate John like?
  -He's very tall.
  A. How B. What C. Who D. Which
  9) ( )1 ____ has happened and ____ did it?
  A. W who B. W who C. W what D. W what
  ( ) 2 Who waiting outside? Please ask them to come in.
  A. is B. has C. have D. are
  ( ) 1 -_____ is that man over there?
  -He's Mr Green.
  A. What B. Which C. How D. Who
  ( ) 2 -___ is the boy standing there?
  -He is my brother.
  A. Which B. What C. How D. Who
  ( ) 3 Who ___ the little American boy over there?
  A. were B. are C. is D.1 am
  ( )4 Who___these tall men?
  A. is B. am C. are D. was
  ( ) 1 ____ one do you like, the blue one or the red one?
  A. What B. Which C. That D. This
  ( ) 2 -___ is bigger?
  -The yellow one.
  A. who B. whom C. which D. It
  ( ) 3 ___ of you would like to go with us?
  A. Who B. Which C. All D. Both
  ( ) 1 -_____ bag is this?
  -It's Jack's.A. What B. Which C. Whose D. Who's
  ( ) 2 -___ pencils are these?
  -They are theirs.
  A. Which B. Whose C. / D. These
  ( ) 3 ___ house is being repaired?
  A. hat B. Where C. Who D. Whose
  ( ) 1 Please find out ____ he is looking after at home.
  A. who B. which C. whom D. when
  ( ) 2 ____ do you think you should help?
  A. Whose B. Which C. What D. Whom
  ( ) 3 He told me ___ he was sent for.
  A. whom B. that C. both D. where
  ( ) 1 We ____ at the party last Sunday.
  A. enjoyed myself B. enjoyed ourselves
  C. enjoy myself D. enjoyed ourself
  ( ) 2 &Make____at home.& he said to his friends.
  A. yourself B. yourselves C. you D. yours
  ( ) 3 Let Tony do it by____. He is no longer a kid
  A. him B. his C. himself D. he
  ( ) 4 You are twelve now. ___ must look after___.
  A. Y yourself B. Y yourself C. Y your D. You' yourself
  ( )5 She and her mother enjoyed ___ at the party.
  A. her B. them C. herself D. themselves
  ( ) 1 He and she are exactly as tall as____.
  A. themselves B. them C. their D. each other
  ( ) 2 People usually put small presents in ____ stocking on Christmas
  A. each other B. each others C. each other's D. each others'
  ( ) 3 The students often help___.
  A. one the other B. each the other C. one another D. two another
  ( )1.This blue suit looks better than the green ____.
  A. / B. one C. suits D. ones
  ( ) 2 -How many apples did your mother give you, Lucy or Lily?
  A. Each one B. One each C. One everyone D. One more
  ( ) 3 -Have you a computer?
  -Yes, I have a good____.
  A. some B. one C. it D. that
  ( ) 4 He has one blue pen and two red____.
  A. one's B. those C. one D. ones
  ( ) 5 Is this story as interesting as__
  A. the one B. some ones C. that one D. one
  ( ) 1 -I'll show you how to throw a frisby. Throw ____ like ____
  A. this B. it C. it D. this
  ( ) 2 -What colour is this?
  A. it's a red B. This is red C. It's red D. It's a red colour
  ( ) 3 There is a pen on the table. Pass ____ to me,, please.
  A. this B. that C. it. D. which
  ( ) 1.There are shops on _____ side of the street.________ of them do not
close till 12 at night.
  A. All B. None C. Some D. Many
  ( ) 2 The boy runs faster than_______ in his class.,
  A. any of the boy B. any boys C. any other boy D. all the boys
  ( ) 3 Tom is stronger than ___ in his class.
  A. any students B. other student C. any other student D. any other
  ( ) 4 There is not ___ meat in my bowl. There is ____ chicken in it.
  A. any B. some C. any D. some
  ( ) 5 -I have forgotten my bread.
  -Never mind, you can have____.
  A. some of us B. some of our C. some of ours D. many of ours
  ( ) 6 -Is there ___ tea in' that green cup?
  -Yes, there is____.
  A. some B. any C. any D. some
  ( ) 1 Could you do___for me, please?
  A.everythingB.nothing C. something D. anything
  ( ) 2 The bottle is empty. There is___ in it.
  A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
  ( ) 3 -Turn off the TV, Betty. ____ is watching it.
  -Oh, no. Mum. I'm watching it now.
  A. somebody B. Nobody C. Everybody D. Anybody
  ( ) 4 -Did you find ___ in the room?
  -No, we found ___ there.
  A. nobody B. everybody
  C. somebody D. anybody
  ( ) 5 I have a lot of work to do. 1 have___ time to play.
  A. not B. any C. no D. some
  ( ) 6 As we know, he is___fool.
  A. not B. no a C. not an D. no
  ( ) 1 I asked him for some oil, but he hadn't ___.
  A. some B. any C. anything D. no
  ( ) 2 ___ of the four roads will take you to the hospital.
  A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. Any
  ( ) 3 Would you lend me of your money? &
  A. some B. lot C. a few D. any
  ( ) 4 Would you like___more coffee?
  A. little B. any C. some D. another
  ( ) 5 -Have you any books on radio?
  -I'd like to borrow ___.
  A. those B. some C. them D. it
  ( ) 1 Listen to me. I have____ to tell you.
  A. anything new B. something new C. new something D. nothing new
  ( ) 2 By the way, is there ____ in today's newspaper?
  A. something new o B. anything new C. new something D. new anything
  ( ) 3 Please be quiet. I have___ to tell you.
  A. important something B. nothing important
  C. important anything D. something important
  ( ) 4 I'm not busy. I haven't ____ to do.
  A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything
  ( ) 5 ____ has happened, I want you to tell me about it.
  A. Something B. Everything C. Anything D. Nothing
  ( ) 1 Yesterday morning ___ boy broke into the garden.
  A. any B. some C. many D. much
  ( ) 2 ___ twenty boys were playing football at that time yesterday.
  A. Each B. Some C. No one D. Neither
  ( ) 3 Now I have ______ questions. Let's go to ask our teacher.
  A. any B. much C. some D. a lot
  ( ) 1 If you like these apples, you can take_____.
  A. any B. a lot C. that . D. this
  ( ) 2 I will do____for my motherland.
  A. anything B. many C. much D. something
  ( ) 3 -Did they find ___ in the park?
  -No, they found____there.
  A. nobody B. everybody
  C. somebody D. anybody
  ( ) 1 I don't know_____ of these people, for they are new workers.
  A. any B. some C. one D. much
  ( ) 2 He didn't take ___ one. They are all here.
  A. many B. any C. a little D. that
  ( ) 3 1 haven't read____ of the books.
  A few of the books are too difficult for me to read. A. any B. some C. two
  ( ) 1 Can I have___bottle of orange, please?
  A. another B. other C. others D. the others
  ( ) 2 There are forty-four students in Class One. Nineteen of them are
boys,___ are girls.
  A. the other B. the others C. others D. some others
  ( ) 3 Mr Smith has two sons. ____ is a soldier, ___ is a doctor.
  A. O another B. O other
  C. T the other D. O the other
  ( ) 4 There are many people in the park now. Some are boating. ____ are
walking along the lake.
  A. the other B. other C. the others D. others
  ( ) 5 The glass is broken. Go and get____ .
  A. other B. another one C. .others D. the other
  ( ) 6 I borrowed two books. ____ is in English, and____ is in Chinese.
  A. It; another B. O another C. T another D. O the other
  ( ) 1 _____ of them has an English dictionary.
  A. Every B. All C. Both D. Each
  ( ) 2 There are lots of English books here, and ____ of them is easy to
understand.
  A. both B. all .C. every D. each
  ( ) 3 I didn't know that you___would___there.
  A. all B. be C. all D: are
  ( ) 4 -Are these two books interesting?
  -Yes, ____ of them are interesting.
  A. both B. all C. either D. neither
  ( ) 1 He couldn't make himself understood because ___ of us knew what he
  A. none B. no C. nobody D. not
  ( ) 2 I didn't like the cross talk. ____ of the actors was funny.
  A. Both B. All C. Neither D. Either
  ( ) 3 _____ of them is good at singing.
  A. Both B. All C. No one D. Neither
  ( ) 4 -Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk?
  -____, thanks. I think I'll just have a glass of water.
  A. None B. Neither C. Both D. Either
  ( ) 5 -How many monkeys did you see in the zoo?
  A. Never B. None C. No one D. Nothing
  ( ) 1 We should speak English as___ as possible.
  A. many B. much C. few D. lot
  ( ) 2 It's going to be a busy day today. I have____ work to do.
  A. a hard B. a lot C. many D. much
  ( ) 3 The boy has eaten two bananas already, but he wanted___.
  A. a few more B. few more C. a little more D. little more
  ( ) 4 Do you eat ____ fruit and vegetables?
  A. many B. more C. a lot D. a lot of
  ( ) 1 I didn't get any letters yesterday, but there were____ this
  A. a little B. few C. little D. a few
  ( ) 2 The film isn't interesting. ___ people like it.
  A. Few B. A little C. A few D. Little
  ( ) 3 She can speak ___ English now.
  A. a little B. a few C. many D. few
  ( ) 4 Hurry up! There is____ time left.
  A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
  ( ) 5 Sorry, I can't answer your question. I know____ about the
  A. a little B. little C. few D. a few
  ( ) 1 The man missed the bus. ____ is why he was late for the meeting.
  A. It B. That C. This D. All
  ( ) 2 He has to stay at home. ___ he has a bad cold.
  A. This is because B. That's why C. So is it D. The reason is
  ( ) 3 -How many books are there on the table? Only four.
  A. This is all rightB. That's all right C. That's right D. It is all
  (初中英语语法代词练习题答案,请详参下一页!)
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职称英语语法详解-It句型大扫描
&&来源:外语教育网整理
研究历年真题,可以发现it句型的重要性和使用的普遍性,根据其用法特点可大概归纳为20个重点句型,希望考生能掌握这20个句型,提高考试技能。
1. It is + 被强调部分 + that &&
该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面,其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语,宾语,表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人,that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后,应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。
It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.
It was in the street that I met her father.
2. It is not until + 被强调部分 + that &&
该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语,译成汉语&直到&&才&&&,可以说是 not && until && 的强调形式。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.
= I didn't realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain&&) that &&
该句型中it 是形式主语,真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句,常译为&清楚(显然,真的,肯定&&)& 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。
It is very clear that he's round and tall like a tree.
= That he's round and tall like a tree is very clear.
4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural&&) that &&
该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同,that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形),should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。
It is important that we (should) learn English well.
It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.
5. It is said (reported, learned&&) that &&
该句型中的it 仍是形式主语,真正主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为&据说(据报道,据悉&&)&.
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
6. It is suggested ( ordered && ) that &&
该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求,建议,命令等词时,that 后的从句要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形),should 可以省。常译为&据建议;有命令&&)
It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off.
It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours.
7. It is a pity ( a shame && ) that &&
该句型中,that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形),should可省去。表示出乎意料,常译为&竟然&.没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。
It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上,真是遗憾!
It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了,真遗憾!
8. It is time ( about time ,high time ) that &&
该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气,值得注意的是① 常用过去时态表示虚拟。② 有时也用should + 动词原形,should 不能省。常译为&是(正是)&&的时侯&&&.
It is time that children should go to bed.
= It is time that children went to bed.
9. It is the first ( second && ) time that &&
该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气,而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态,由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时,后面从句用现在完成时态;如果是一般过去时,后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中 that 可以省去;it有时用 this 替换。常译为&是第一(二)&&次&&&.
It is the first time I have been here.
= This is the first time I have been here.
10. It is && since &&
该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时,又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题。主句中是时间作表语,其时态是现在时或完成时,since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态,而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时,从句则用过去完成时。
It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died.
11. It is && when &&
该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句,主句中的 it 指时间,表语由具体的时间充当。常译为&当&&的时候,是&&&.
It was 5 o'clock when he came here.
12. It be && before &&
该句型主句中的 it 指时间, 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态。主句中的表语多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语。常译为&&&之后&&&.
It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.
It will be not long before he finishes his job.
13. It happens (seems, looks, appears ) that&&
该句型中it是形式主语,that 引导的是主语从句,主句中的happen , seem等词是不及物动词。
It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧&&
It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来&&
14. It takes sb. && to do sth.
该句型中的不定式是真正的主语,it是形式主语,句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为&做&&要花费某人&&&.
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
15. It is no good (use ) doing sth.
该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语,主句中的表语可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )。
It is no good learning English without speaking English.
16. It doesn't matter whether ( if ) &&
该句型中whether(if) 引导的从句是真正主语,该句型常译为 &不论(是否)&&没关系&&。
It doesn't matter if they are old.
17. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.
该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语,如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起,主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有: bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish , good (好心的), honest , horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice(有教养的), polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong(错误的)等。 这个句型可以改写为:sb. is kind to do sth.
It is kind of you to say so.
= You are kind to say so.
18. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth.
该句型与上一个同属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起,主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性,紧迫性,频繁程度,难易,安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有:① important, necessary, natural ② easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant等。
在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写, 如:
It is important for her to come to the party.
= It is important that she (should ) come to the party
19. It looks ( seems ) as if &&
该句型中it无意义。 as if 引导一个状语从句。常译为,&看起来好象&&&如果与事实不相符合,则用虚拟语气。
It looks as if he is ill.(真的病了)
It looks as if he were ill. (没有生病)
It seemed as if he were dying.
20. We think it important to learn a foreign language.
该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为&6123结构&.
6指主句中常用的动词:think, believe, make, find, consider, feel;
1指的是形式宾语it;
2指的是宾补的两种形式:形容词或名词;
3指的是真正宾语的三种形式:不定式短语,动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
He felt it important learning English well.
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
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