英文药名: Flamazine (Silver sulfadiazine Cream)
中文药名: 磺胺嘧啶银乳膏
此药品需要处方品牌药生产厂家: Not available
30 grams (克)&
中文通用名称: 磺胺嘧啶银
英文通用名称: Sulfadiazine Silver
其 它 名 称: 磺胺嘧啶银软膏,磺胺嘧啶银乳膏,Deltargil,Flamazine,Flammazine,SD Ag,Silvadene,Silvazine,Silver Sulphiazine,Silverdin,Silvertone,Silviderm,烧伤宁,烧烫宁,Sulfadiazine Silver Cream,Sulfadiazine Silver Ointment
产 品 分 类: 西药\皮肤及皮下用药\皮肤抗感染药\皮肤抗细菌药
本药局部用于预防及治疗Ⅱ度、Ⅲ度烧伤继发的创面感染。
1.可用乳膏或软膏涂布于创面，涂药厚度约为1.5mm，1-2日换药1次。
2.可用混悬剂制成油纱布敷用，1-2日换药1次。
3.可直接用粉末撒布于创面，1-2日换药1次。
4.本药一日极量为30g。
*局部给药大于2个月的儿童用法用量参见成人，早产儿和小于2个月的患儿不能使用本药。
[国外用法用量参考]
*局部用药在烧伤创面局部应用1%磺胺嘧啶银乳膏，一日1-2次，涂药的厚度约为0.16cm(1/16英寸)，直到创面愈合或能够植皮时为止。
*肾功能不全时剂量
不需要调整剂量，但在大面积烧伤的长期治疗时应监测血药浓度。
*肝功能不全时剂量
不需要调整剂量，但在大面积烧伤的长期治疗时应监测血药浓度。
*局部给药磺胺嘧啶银常用于儿童烧伤。对大于2个月的儿童没有提供特别的用药指导，对早产儿和小于2个月的新生儿不能使用本药。任何疑问，请遵医嘱！
1.应用本药期间多饮水，保持高尿流量，以防结晶尿的发生，必要时亦可服碳酸氢钠碱化尿液。
2.涂药后，药物遇光可变成深棕色，此为正常现象。
3.接受本药治疗者，对维生素K的需要量增加。
本药局部有轻微刺激性，偶可发生短暂性疼痛。药物经局部吸收后偶可发生磺胺嘧啶全身用药所致的各种不良反应。
1.胃肠道恶心、呕吐、食欲减退、腹泻等胃肠道症状较为多见，一般症状轻微，不影响继续用药；偶有致假膜性肠炎的报道。
2.肝脏可发生黄疸、肝功能减退，严重者可发生急性重型肝炎。
3.过敏反应药疹较为常见，严重者可发生渗出性多形性红斑、剥脱性皮炎、大疱表皮松解症等；也可表现为光敏反应、药物热、关节及肌肉疼痛、发热等血清病样反应。
4.肾脏结晶尿、血尿较为多见，严重者可引起少尿、尿痛甚至尿毒症；偶有患者发生间质性肾炎或肾小管坏死等严重不良反应。
5.血液缺乏葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶患者用药后易发生溶血性贫血及血红蛋白尿，在新生儿和小儿中尤为多见；此外，用药后也可见粒细胞减少或缺乏症、血小板减少症及再生障碍性贫血。
6.中枢神经系统(1)由于本药与胆红素竞争蛋白结合部位，可致游离胆红素增高，游离胆红素进入中枢神经系统后可导致胆红素脑病。新生儿尤易发生。(2)偶可发生精神错乱、定向力障碍、幻觉、欣快感或抑郁等中枢神经系统症状。
7.其它偶可发生甲状腺肿大及甲状腺功能减退。
1.交叉过敏(1)对其它磺胺类药过敏者对本药也可能过敏。(2)对呋塞米、砜类、噻嗪类利尿药、磺酰脲类、碳酸酐酶抑制药过敏者，对本药也可能过敏。
2.禁忌症(1)对本药或其它磺胺类药过敏者。(2)小于2个月的婴儿。(3)孕妇。(4)哺乳妇女。(5)严重肝、肾功能不全者。
3.慎用(1)缺乏葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶者。(2)轻、中度肝肾功能损害者。(3)血卟啉病患者。(4)失水患者。(5)艾滋病患者。(6)休克患者。(7)老年患者。
4.药物对儿童的影响由于本药可与胆红素竞争在血浆蛋白上的结合部位，而新生儿的乙酰转移酶系统未发育完善，磺胺游离血药浓度增高，增加了发生胆红素脑病的危险性，因此在2个月以下婴儿中禁用。
5.药物对老人的影响老年患者应用磺胺药发生严重皮疹、骨髓抑制和血小板减少等严重不良反应的机会增加。因此老年患者宜避免应用，确有指征时需权衡利弊后决定。
6.药物对妊娠的影响本药可透过胎盘屏障至胎儿体内，动物实验发现有致畸作用。人类研究尚缺乏充足资料，孕妇宜避免应用。美国药品和食品管理局(FDA)对本药的妊娠安全性分级为B级。
7.药物对哺乳的影响本药可自乳汁中分泌，药物可能导致葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏的新生儿发生溶血性贫血，因此，哺乳妇女不宜应用本药。
8.用药前后及用药时应当检查或监测(1)长疗程用药者应作全血象检查。(2)长疗程或高剂量治疗时，应定期检查尿液。(3)用药中应进行常规肝、肾功能检查。(4)长疗程用药者应测定血药浓度，总磺胺血药浓度不应超过200μg/ml。
磺胺嘧啶银软膏1%(20g, 50g, 100g, 500g)。
任何人都可以在白求恩药房买到磺胺嘧啶银乳膏。加拿大白求恩药房提供质量有保障的磺胺嘧啶银乳膏，购买磺胺嘧啶银乳膏的便捷的方法是登录到
在线下订单（首先新用户注册，然后将药品加入购物车）。可以通过国内银行转帐或国际汇款，您可以轻松拿到所订药品。
如果您在白求恩药房购买磺胺嘧啶银乳膏，您不仅可以得到品质的保证，而且还可以节省大把的金钱。Silver Time的推荐 | LOFTER（乐乎） - 记录生活，发现同好
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this.p={ dwrMethod:'querySharePosts', fpost:'c3a7f3',userId:3134074,blogListLength:30};From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Silver nitrate is an
3. This compound is a versatile precursor to many other
compounds, such as those used in . It is far less sensitive to light than the . It was once called lunar caustic because silver was called luna by the ancient alchemists, who believed that silver was associated with the moon.
In solid silver , the silver ions are three-coordinated in a trigonal planar arrangement.
, in the 13th century, documented the ability of
to separate
by dissolving the silver. Magnus noted that the resulting solution of silver nitrate could blacken skin.
Silver nitrate can be prepared by reacting silver, such as a silver bullion or silver foil, with , resulting in silver nitrate, water, and oxides of nitrogen. Reaction byproducts depend upon the concentration of
3 Ag + 4 HNO3 (cold and diluted) → 3 AgNO3 + 2 H2O +
Ag + 2 HNO3 (hot and concentrated) → AgNO3 + H2O +
This is performed under a fume hood because of toxic nitrogen oxide(s) evolved during the reaction.
A typical reaction with silver nitrate is to suspend a rod of
in a solution of silver nitrate and leave it for a few hours. The silver nitrate reacts with copper to form hairlike crystals of silver metal and a blue solution of :
2 AgNO3 + Cu → Cu(NO3)2 + 2 Ag
Silver nitrate decomposes when heated:
2 AgNO3(l) → 2 Ag(s) + (g) + 2 NO2(g)
Qualitatively, decomposition is negligible below the melting point, but becomes appreciable around 250&#160;°C and totally decompose at 440&#160;°C.
Most metal nitrates thermally decompose to the respective , but silver oxide decomposes at a lower temperature than silver nitrate, so the decomposition of silver nitrate yields elemental silver instead.
Silver nitrate is the least expe it offers several other advantages as well. It is non-, in contrast to
and . It is relatively stable to light. Finally, it dissolves in numerous solvents, including water. The nitrate can be easily replaced by other ligands, rendering AgNO3 versatile. Treatment with solutions of halide ions gives a precipitate of AgX (X = Cl, Br, I). When making , silver nitrate is treated with
salts of sodium or potassium to form insoluble
in situ in photographic , which is then applied to strips of tri- or . Similarly, silver nitrate is used to prepare some silver-based explosives, such as the , , or , through a .
Treatment of silver nitrate with base gives dark grey :
2 AgNO3 + 2 NaOH → Ag2O + 2 NaNO3 + H2O
The silver cation, Ag+, reacts quickly with halide sources to produce the insoluble silver halide, which is a cream precipitate if Br- is used, a white precipitate if Cl- is used and a yellow precipitate if I- is used. This reaction is commonly used in
to abstract halides:
Ag+ + X-(aq) → AgX
where X- = Cl-, Br-, or I-.
Other silver salts with , namely
are used for more demanding applications.
Similarly, this reaction is used in
to confirm the presence of , , or
can be tested by adding silver nitrate solution. Samples are typically acidified with dilute nitric acid to remove interfering ions, e.g.
ions. This step avoids confusion of
precipitates with that of silver halides. The color of precipitate varies with the halide: white (), pale yellow/cream (), yellow (). AgBr and especially AgI
to the metal, as evidence by a grayish color on exposed samples.
The same reaction was used on steamships in order to determine whether or not
had been contaminated with . It is still used to determine if moisture on formerly dry cargo is a result of
from humid air, or from seawater leaking through the hull.
Silver nitrate is used in many ways in , e.g. for
and oxidations. Ag+ binds
reversibly, and silver nitrate has been used to separate mixtures of alkenes by selective absorption. The resulting
can be decomposed with
to release the free alkene.
In , silver nitrate is used for , for demonstrating reticular fibers,
and . For this reason it is also used to demonstrate proteins in
gels. It can be used as a stain in .
showing a silver nitrate (brown) marked .
Silver salts have
properties. In 1881
introduced the use of dilute solutions of AgNO3 in ' eyes at birth to prevent contraction of
from the mother, which could cause blindness. (Modern antibiotics are now used instead.) Fused silver nitrate, shaped into sticks, was traditionally called "lunar caustic". It is used as a
agent, for example to remove
around a . General Sir James Abbott noted in his journals that in India in 1827 it was infused by a British surgeon into wounds in his arm resulting from the bite of a mad dog to cauterize the wounds and prevent the onset of rabies. Dentists sometimes use silver nitrate infused swabs to heal . Silver nitrate is also used by some
to kill cells located in the nail bed. Silver nitrate is also used to cauterize superficial blood vessels in the nose to help prevent nose bleeds.
The Canadian physician C. A. Douglas Ringrose researched the use of silver nitrate for
on women, believing that silver nitrate could be used to block and corrode the fallopian tubes. The technique was ineffective.
Much research has been done in evaluating the ability of the silver ion at inactivating , a microorganism commonly used as an indicator for fecal contamination and as a surrogate for pathogens in drinking water treatment. Concentrations of silver nitrate evaluated in inactivation experiments range from 10–200 micrograms per liter as Ag+. Silver's antimicrobial activity saw many applications prior to the discovery of modern antibiotics, when it fell into near disuse. Its association with
made consumers wary and led them to turn away from it when given an alternative.
Skin stained by silver nitrate
Repeated daily application of silver nitrate can induce adequate destruction of cutaneous , but occasionally pigmented scars may develop. In a placebo-controlled study of 70 patients, silver nitrate given over nine days resulted in clearance of all warts in 43% and improvement in warts in 26% one month after treatment compared to 11% and 14%, respectively, in the placebo group.
As an oxidant, silver nitrate should be properly stored away from organic compounds. Despite its common usage in extremely low concentrations to prevent
and control nose bleeds, silver nitrate is still very much toxic and corrosive. Brief exposure will not produce any immediate side effects other than the purple, brown or black stains on the skin, but upon constant exposure to high concentrations, side effects will be noticeable, which include burns. Long-term exposure may cause eye damage. Silver nitrate is known to be a skin and eye irritant.
Silver nitrate is currently unregulated in water sources by the Environmental Protection Agency. However, if more than 1 gram of silver is accumulated in the body, a condition called
may develop. Argyria is a permanent cosmetic condition in which the skin and internal organs turn a blue-gray color. The United States Environmental Protection Agency used to have a maximum contaminant limit for silver in water until 1990, when it was determined that argyria did not impact the function of any affected organs. Argyria is more often associated with the consumption of
solutions rather than with silver nitrate, since it is only used at extremely low concentrations to disinfect the water. However, it is still important to be wary before ingesting any sort of silver-ion solution.
Lide, David R., ed. (2009).
(90th ed.). : . &#160;.
Seidell, A Linke, William F. (1919). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds (2nd ed.). : D. Van Nostrand Company. pp.&#160;617–619.
Anatolievich, Kiper Ruslan. . Chemister.ru.
Meyer, P.; Rimsky, A.; Chevalier, R. (1978). "Structure du nitrate d'argent à pression et température ordinaires. Example de cristal parfait". . 34 (5): . :.
, . Retrieved on .
. Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health.
. dictionary.die.net.
Szabadváry, Ferenc (1992). . Taylor & Francis. p.&#160;17. &#160;.
. . YouTube.
Stern, K. H. (1972). "High Temperature Properties and Decomposition of Inorganic Salts Part 3, Nitrates and Nitrites". Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data. 1 (3): 747. :.
Campaigne, E.; LeSuer, W. M. (1963). .
; Coll. Vol., 4, p.&#160;919 (preparation of Ag2O, used in oxidation of an aldehyde)
. Transport Information Service. Gesamtverband der Deutschen Versicherungswirtschaf 2015.
Cope, A. C.; Bach, R. D. (1973). .
; Coll. Vol., 5, p.&#160;315
Geissinger HD (2011). "The use of silver nitrate as a stain for scanning electron microscopy of arterial intima and paraffin sections of kidney". Journal of Microscopy. 95 (3): 471–481. :. &#160;.
Peter.H (2000). . Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 83 (2): F158–F159. :. &#160;. &#160;.
Credé C. S. E. (1881). "Die Verhürtung der Augenentzündung der Neugeborenen". Archiv für Gyn?kologie. 17 (1): 50–53. :.
Schaller, Ulrich C. & Klauss, Volker (2001). . Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 79 (3): 262–266. :.
British Library, India Office Records, European Manuscripts, MSS EUR F171/33/3, page 109.
Ringrose CA. (1973). "Office tubal sterilization". Obstetrics and Gynecology. 42 (1): 151–5. &#160;.
Cryderman v. Ringrose (1978), 89 D.L.R. (3d) 32 (Alta S.C.) and Zimmer et al. v. Ringrose (1981) 4 W.W.R. 75 (Alta C.A.).
Sterling, J. C.; Handfield-Jones, S.; Hudson, P. M.; British Association of Dermatologists (2001).
(PDF). British Journal of Dermatology. 144 (1): 4–11. :. &#160;.
. Oxford University Chemistry department.
"Silver Compounds." Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Vol. 22. Fourth Ed. Excec. Ed. Jaqueline I. Kroschwitz. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1997.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to .
Salts and covalent derivatives of the
: Hidden categories:请问在哪里可以买到性价比比较高的西洋剑？_冷兵器吧_百度贴吧
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请问在哪里可以买到性价比比较高的西洋剑？
学生党，有压力
票牛教你如何买到热门、便宜、真实的演出门票！
国外订很贵，要不龙泉仿造的。
多看图性价比最高,一般买了都会后悔一时冲动.
你是指那种很细的剑吗……这货从古至今有哪怕一把是性价比高的吗！？
你是要长剑还是大剑（杂种）还是骑士剑还是斩剑还是劈刺剑还是窄身剑还是……个人推荐穿甲剑，自己拿根钢条，一头磨尖，另一头装柄，抛光～然后～完了～要不买把四面剑，换个柄，充当长剑也行…
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