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1.14―2006《安全奖惩制度》
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官方公共微信IEC 61951-1 Edition 2.1-2006《含碱性或其他非酸性电解...
IEC 61951-1 Edition 2.1-2006《含碱性或其他非酸性电解液的二次单体电池和电池—便携式密封可充电单体电池-第1部分：镍-镉》
IEC 61951-1 Edition 2.1-2006《Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes － Portable sealed rechargeable single cells － Part 1Nickel-cadmium》
Discharge performance at 20 °C
The cell shall be charged in accordance with 7.1. After charging, the cell shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, for not less than 1 h and not more than 4 h.
The cell shall then be discharged in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C and as specified in Tables 5, 6 or 7. The duration of discharge shall be not less than the values specified in Tables 5, 6 or 7.The 0,2 It A discharge test is performed in order to verify the declared rated capacity of the cell.
Table 5 – Discharge performance at 20 °C for small prismatic cells
Discharge conditions
discharge duration
Rate of constant current
Final voltage
a Five cycles are permitted for this test. The test shall be terminated at the end of the first cycle which meets the requirement.
Table 6 – Discharge performance at 20 °C for cylindrical cells
Discharge conditions
Minimum discharge duration
Rate of onstant current
Final voltage
Cell Rate of ll designation
a Five cycles are permitted for this test. The test shall be terminated at the end of the first cycle which meets the requirement.
b Prior to the 5,0 It A and 10,0 It A tests, a conditioning cycle may be included if necessary. This cycle shall consist of charging at 0,1 It A in accordance with 7.1 and discharging at 0,2 It A, at an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, according to <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1.
Table 7 – Discharge performance at 20 °C for button cells
Discharge conditions
Minimum discharge durationh/min
Rate of constant &¤t A
Final voltage V
Cell designation
a Five cycles are permitted for this test. The test shall be terminated at the end of the first cycle which meets the requirement.
b Prior to the 5 It A test, a conditioning cycle may be included if necessary. This cycle shall consist of charging at 0,1 It A in accordance with 7.1 and discharging at 0,2 It A, at an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, according to <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1.
Discharge performance at –18 °C
The cell shall be charged in accordance with 7.1. After charging, the cell shall be stored in an ambient temperature of –18 °C ± 2 °C for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.
The cell shall then be discharged in an ambient temperature of –18 °C ± 2 °C and as specified in Tables 8, 9 or 10. The duration of discharge shall be not less than the values specified in Tables 8, 9 or 10.
Table 8 – Discharge performance at –18 °C for small prismatic cells
Discharge conditions
Minimum discharge duration h/min
Rate of constant current
Final voltage
Table 9 – Discharge performance at –18 °C for cylindrical cells
Discharge conditions
Minimum discharge duration h/min
Rate of constant current
Final voltage
Cell Rate of ll designation
a Prior to the 2,0 It A and 3,0 It A tests, a conditioning cycle may be included if necessary. This cycle consists of charging at 0,1 It A in accordance with 7.1 and discharging at 0,2 It A at an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, according to <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1.
Table 10 – Discharge performance at –18 °C for button cells
Discharge conditions
Minimum discharge duration h/min
Rate of constant &urrent A
Final voltage
Cell designation、
a a Prior to the 2,0 It A test, a conditioning cycle may be included if necessary. This cycle shall consist of charging at 0,1 It A in accordance with 7.1 and discharging at 0,2 It A at an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, according to <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1
Discharge performance for rapid charge cells (R cells)
R cells shall be charged at a constant current of 1,0 It A for 1,2 h or other appropriate charge termination method as recommended by the cell manufacturer, followed by a charge at 0,1 It A for 2 h in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C. After charging, the cell shall be stored and ischarged as specified in <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1 and 7.2.2.
The duration of discharge shall be not less than the values specified in Table 6 for discharge at
20 °C ± 5 °C and in Table 9 for discharge at –18 °C ± 2 °C.
Charge (capacity) retention
The charge (capacity) retention shall be determined by the following test. After charging in accordance with 7.1, the cell shall be stored on open circuit for 28 days. The average ambient temperature shall be 20 °C ± 2 °C. The temperature may be allowed to vary within the range of 20 °C ± 5 °C for short periods during the storage.
The cell shall be discharged under the conditions specified in <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1 at a rate of 0,2 It A.
The duration of discharge after 28 days of storage at 20 °C shall be not less than:
l&&&&&&&& &3 h for s
l&&&&&&&& 3 h 15 min f
l&&&&&&&& 3 h 15 min for H
l&&&&&&&& 3 h 45 min for L and M button cells.
Endurance in cycles
Prior to the endurance in cycle test, the cell shall be discharged at a constant current of 0,2 It A to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The following endurance test shall then be carried out, irrespective of cell designation, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C. Charge and discharge shall be carried out at constant current throughout, in accordance with the conditions specified in Tables 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15.
Precautions shall be taken to prevent the cell-case temperature from rising above 35 °C during the test, by providing a forced air draught if necessary.
NOTE Actual cell temperature, not the ambient temperature, determines cell performance.
7.4.1.1 Small prismatic and cylindrical cells
Table 11 – Endurance in cycles for small prismatic and cylindrical cells
Cycle number
Stand in charged condition
0,10 It A for 16 h
0,25 It A for 3 h 10 min
0,25 It A for 3 h 10 min
0,10 It A for 16 h
1 h to 4 h
0,25 It A for 2 h 20 min a
0,25 It A for 2 h 20 min a
0,25 It A to 1,0 V
0,20 It A to 1,0 V b
a If the cell voltage drops below 1,0 V, the discharge may be discontinued.
b It is permissible to allow sufficient open-circuit rest time after the completion of discharge at cycle 50, so as to start cycle 51 at a convenient time. A similar procedure may be adopted at cycles 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 and 450.
Cycles 1 to 50 shall be repeated until the discharge duration on any 50th cycle becomes less than 3 h. At this stage, a repeat capacity measurement as specified for cycle 50 shall be carried out.
The endurance test is considered complete when two such successive capacity cycles give a discharge duration of less than 3 h. The total number of cycles obtained when the test is
completed shall be not less than:
l&&&&&&&& 400 for s
l&&&&&&&& 500 for L/LR, M/MR, H/HR or X/XR
l&&&&&&&& 50 for cylindrical cells LT/LU, MT/MU or HT/HU.
7.4.1.2 Cylindrical cells (accelerated test procedures)
In order to accelerate the test or to use cycling conditions approximating those in actual applications, one of the following alternative procedures relevant to the cell may be carried out as an alternative to <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1.1.
7.4.1.2.1 H or X cells
Table 12 – Endurance in cycles for H or X cells
Cycle number
charged condition
Conditions
Total duration
subsequent rest
0.1ItA 16h
0.1ItA 16h
1,0 It A to 1,0 V
1,0 It A to 1,0 V
1,0 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
a &It is permissible to allow sufficient open-circuit rest time after the completion of discharge at cycle 50, so as to
start cycle 51 at a convenient time. A similar procedure may be adopted at cycles 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 and 450.Cycles 1 to 50 shall be repeated until the discharge duration to the final voltage of 1,0 V on any 49th cycle becomes less than 30 min or until the discharge duration to the final voltage of 1,0 V on any 50th cycle becomes less than 3 h. At this stage, a repeat capacity measurement as specified for cycle 50 shall be carried out and if the discharge time is less than 3 h again the test is terminated.
The total number of cycles obtained when the test is completed shall be not less than 500.
7.4.1.2.2 X cells
Table 13 – Endurance in cycles for cylindrical X cells
Cycle number
charged condition
Conditions
Total duration
subsequent rest
0,1 It A for 16 h
1,0 It A for 1 h
1,0 It A for 1 h
0,1 It A for 16 h
1 h to 4 h
5,0 It A to 0,8 V
5,0 It A to 0,8 V
5,0 It A to 0,8 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
a &It is permissible to allow sufficient open-circuit rest time after the completion of discharge at cycle 50, so as to start cycle 51 at a convenient time. A similar procedure may be adopted at cycles 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 and 450.
Cycles 1 to 50 shall be repeated until the discharge duration to the final voltage of 0,8 V on any 49th cycle becomes less than 5 min or until the discharge duration to the final voltage of 1,0 V on any 50th cycle becomes less than 3 h. At this stage, a repeat capacity measurement as specified for cycle 50 shall be carried out and if the discharge time is less than 3 h again the test is terminated. The total number of cycles obtained when the test is completed shall be not less than 500.
7.4.1.2.3 HR or XR cells
Table 14 – Endurance in cycles for HR or XR cells
Cycle number
charged condition
Total duration
subsequent rest
0,1 It A for 16 h
1,0 It A for a
1,0 It A for a
1,0 It A for a
plus 0,1 It A for 2 h
1 h to 4 h
1,0 It A to 1,0 V
1,0 It A to 1,0 V
1,0 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
a &With appropriate charge termination, as recommended by the manufacturer, or in the absence of a recommendation charge for 1,2 h.
b It is permissible to allow sufficient open-circuit rest time after the completion of discharge at cycle 50, so as to start cycle 51 at a convenient time. A similar procedure may be adopted at cycles 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 and 450.
Cycles 1 to 50 shall be repeated until the discharge duration to the final voltage of 1,0 V on any 49th cycle becomes less than 30 min or until the discharge duration to the final voltage of 1,0 V on any 50th cycle becomes less than 3 h. At this stage, a repeat capacity measurement as specified for cycle 50 shall be carried out and if the discharge time is less than 3 h again the test is terminated.
The total number of cycles obtained when the test is completed shall be not less than 500.
7.4.1.3 Button cells
Table 15 – Endurance in cycles for button cells
Cycle number
charged condition
0,1 It A for 16 h
0,1 It A for 8 h
0,1 It A for 8 h
0,1 It A for 16 h
0,2 It A for 3 h
0,2 It A for 3 h
0,2 It A to 1,0 V a
0,2 It A to 1,0 V a
a It is permissible to allow sufficient open-circuit rest time after the completion of discharge at cycles 49 and 50, so as to start the following cycle at a convenient time. A similar procedure may be adopted at cycles 100, 150,200, 250, 300 and 350.
Cycles 1 to 50 shall be repeated until the discharge duration on any 50th cycle becomes less than 3 h. At this stage, a repeat capacity measurement as specified for cycle 50 shall be carried out.
The endurance test is considered complete when two successive capacity measurement cycles give a discharge duration of less than 3 h. The total number of cycles successfully completed shall be not less than 400 for M and H cells and 300 for L cells.
Permanent charge endurance
7.4.2.1 Small prismatic cells
There is no requirement for permanent charge endurance tests on small prismatic cells.
7.4.2.2 L, M, H or X cylindrical cells and L, M or H button cells
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged at 0,2 It A to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The following permanent charge endurance test shall be carried out at an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C. Charge and discharge shall be carried out at constant current throughout,using the conditions specified in Table 16 for cylindrical cells and in Table 17 for button cells.
Table 16 – Permanent charge endurance for L, M, H or X cylindrical cells
number Charge
Discharge a
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
a The discharge is carried out immediately on completion of the charging.
Precautions shall be taken to prevent cell-case temperature from rising above 25 °C during the test by providing forced air draught if necessary.
The discharge duration at cycle 4 shall be not less than 3 h.
Table 17 – Permanent charge endurance for button cells
Charge for L
or M cells
Charge for
Discharge a
0,01 It A for 91 days
0,01 It A for 91 days
0,01 It A for 91 days
0,01 It A for 91 days
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
a The discharge is carried out immediately upon completion of discharge.
Precautions shall be taken to prevent cell-case temperature from rising above 30 °C during the test by providing forced air draught if necessary.
The discharge duration at cycle 4 shall be not less than 3 h.
7.4.2.3 LT, MT or HT cylindrical cells
The permanent charge endurance test shall be performed in three steps according to the conditions specified in Table 18.
It consists of:
l&&&&&&&& a charge acceptance test at +40 °C;
l&&&&&&&& an ageing period of six months at +70 °C;
l&&&&&&&& a final charge acceptance test to check the cell’s performance after ageing.
NOTE The six months ageing period and the temperature of +70 °C have been selected to simulate four years of permanent charge operation at +40 °C.
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged at 0,2 It A at 20 °C ± 5 °C to a final voltage of 1,0 V and stored, in an ambient temperature of +40 °C ± 2 °C, for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.
The cell shall then be charged and discharged at constant current under the conditions specified in Table 18 while maintained in an ambient temperature of +40 °C ± 2 °C or +70 °C ± 2 °C respectively as appropriate.
The discharge conditions A or B may be chosen to suit the user’s requirements. The discharge is carried out immediately on completion of charging.
After performing the first charge acceptance test at +40 °C the cell is stored, in an ambient temperature of +70 °C ± 2 °C, for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.
During the ageing period of six months at +70 °C, precautions shall be taken to prevent the cell-case temperature from rising above +75 °C by providing a forced air draught, if necessary.
NOTE Actual cell case temperature, not the ambient temperature, determines cell performance.
The discharge duration of the three cycles at +70 °C shall be recorded. Leakage of electrolyte shall not occur during this test.
After completion of the ageing period, the cell shall be stored, in an ambient
temperature of +40 °C ± 2 °C for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h. The three cycles at +40 °C of the initial charge acceptance test are then repeated using the conditions specified in Table 18. The duration of the discharge shall be not less than the values specified in Table 18.
Table 18 – Permanent charge endurance for LT, MT, or HT cylindrical cells
temperature
Discharge A or B a
Minimum discharge
+40 °C ± 2 °C
0,05 It A for 48 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
No requirement
No requirement
3 h 45 min
3 h 45 min
+70 °C ± 2 °C
0,05 It A for 60 days
0,05 It A for 60 days
0,05 It A for 60 days
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
No requirement
+40 °C ± 2 °C
0,05 It A for 48 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
No requirement
No requirement
2 h 30 min
2 h 30 min
a A: for LT, MT or HT cells.
B: for MT or HT cells only.
7.4.2.4 LU, MU or HU cylindrical cells
The permanent charge endurance test shall be performed in three steps according to the conditions specified in Table 26.
It consists of:
l&&&&&&&& a charge acceptance test at +50 °C;
l&&&&&&&& an ageing period of twelve months at +70 °C;
l&&&&&&&& a final charge acceptance test to check the cell’s performance after ageing.
NOTE The twelve months ageing period and the temperature of +70 °C have been selected to simulate four years of permanent charge operation at +50 °C.
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged at 0,2 It A at 20 °C ± 5 °C to a final voltage of 1,0 V and stored, in an ambient temperature of +50 °C ± 2 °C, for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.
The cell shall then be charged and discharged at constant current under the conditions specified in Table 26 while maintained in an ambient temperature of +50 °C ± 2 °C or +70 °C ± 2 °C respectively as appropriate.
The discharge conditions A or B may be chosen to suit the user’s requirements. The discharge is carried out immediately on completion of charging.
After performing the first charge acceptance test at +50 °C the cell is stored, in an ambient temperature of +70 °C ± 2 °C, for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.
During the ageing period of twelve months at +70 °C, precautions shall be taken to prevent the cell-case temperature from rising above +75 °C by providing a forced air draught, if necessary.
NOTE Actual cell case temperature, not the ambient temperature, determines cell performance.
The discharge duration of the three cycles at +70 °C shall be recorded. Leakage of electrolyte shall not occur during this test.
After completion of the ageing period, the cell shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of +50 °C ± 2 °C for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h. The three cycles at +50 °C of the initial charge acceptance test are then repeated using the conditions specified in Table 26. The duration of the discharge shall be not less than the values specified in Table 26.
Table 26 – Permanent charge endurance for LU, MU, or HU cylindrical cells
temperature
Discharge A or B a
Minimum discharge
+50 °C ± 2 °C
0,05 It A for 48 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
No requirement
No requirement
3 h 45 min
3 h 45 min
+70 °C ± 2 °C
0,05 It A for120 days
0,05 It A for 120 days
0,05 It A for 120 days
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
No requirement
+50 °C ± 2 °C
0,05 It A for 48 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
No requirement
No requirement
2 h 30 min
2 h 30 min
a A: for LU, MU or HU cells.
B: for MU or HU cells only.
Charge acceptance at constant voltage
This standard does not specify a charge acceptance test at constant voltage.
Charging at constant voltage is not recommended.
Small prismatic cells
The ability of the cell to withstand an overcharge shall be determined by the following test.
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, down to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The cell shall then be charged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,1 It A, for 48 h. After this charging operation, the cell shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, for not less than 1 h and not more than 4 h. The cell shall then be discharged at 20 °C ± 5 °C with a constant current of 0,2 It A to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The duration of discharge shall be not less than 5 h.
L, M, H or X cylindrical and button cells
The ability of the cell to withstand an overcharge shall be determined by the following test.
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The cell shall then be charged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,1 It A, for 28 days. After this charging operation, it shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, for not less than 1 h and not more than 4 h.
The cell shall then be discharged at 20 °C ± 5 °C with a constant current of 0,2 It A to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The duration of discharge shall be not less than,
l&&&&&&&& 5 h f
l&&&&&&&& 4 h 15 min for button cells.
LT/LU, MT/MU or HT/HU cylindrical cells
The ability of the cell to withstand an overcharge shall be determined by the following test performed at 0 °C ± 2 °C in circulating air.
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, to a final voltage of 1,0 V and stored, at 0 °C ± 2 °C for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.
Charge and discharge shall be carried out at constant current, using the conditions specified in Table 19. The discharge conditions A or B may be chosen to suit the user’s requirements.
Table 19 – Overcharge at 0 °C
Discharge A a
Discharge B a
LT/LU, MT/MU, HT/HU cells
MT/MU, HT/HU cells
0,05 It A for 28 days
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
1,0 It A to 1,0 V
a The discharge is carried out immediately on completion of the charging.
The duration of discharge shall be not less than,
l&&&&&&&& 4 h 15 min on discharge A, or
l&&&&&&&& 36 min on discharge B.
R cylindrical cells
The ability of the cell to withstand an overcharge shall be determined by the following test.
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The cell shall then be charged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 1,0 It A for 1,2 h or other appropriate charge termination such as –ÄV or as recommended by the manufacturer. Then charging should be continued, in the same ambient temperature, at a constant current of 0,1 It A for 28 days. After this charging operation, the cell shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, for not less than 1 h and not more than 4 h.
The cell shall then be discharged in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The duration of discharge shall be not less than 5 h.
Safety device operation
The following test shall be carried out in order to establish that the safety device of the cell will operate to allow the escape of gas when the internal pressure exceeds a critical value.
NOTE Some button cells do not have a safety vent. This test should not be performed on this type of cell.
The cell shall undergo a forced discharge in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A to a final voltage of 0,0 V.
The current shall then be increased to 1,0 It A and the forced discharge continued in the same ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C for 60 min.
During and at the end of this discharge, the cell shall not disrupt or burst. Leakage of electrolyte and deformation of the cell are acceptable.
Storage should be carried out according to the recommendations of the manufacturer.
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The cell shall then be stored on open circuit at a mean temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C and at a relative humidity of 65 % ± 20 % for 12 months.
During the storage period, the ambient temperature shall not at any time fluctuate beyond the limits of 20 °C ± 10 °C.
After completion of the storage period, the cell shall be charged in accordance with:
l&&&&&&&& 7.1 for button cells, small prismatic cells, L/LT/LU, M/MT/MU, H/HT/HU, X
l&&&&&&&& 7.2.3 for R cylindrical cells.
The cell shall then be discharged at each rate of constant current appropriate to cell designation as specified in <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1. Five cycles are permitted for this test. The test shall be terminated at the end of the first cycle which meets the requirement.
The duration of discharge shall be not less than the values specified in Tables 6 or 7 for cylindrical or button cells and shall be not less than 4 h for the small prismatic cells.
NOTE In the case of a quality acceptance procedure, provisional approval of cell performance may be agreed, pending satisfactory results on discharge after storage.
Charge acceptance at +55 °C for LT, MT or HT cylindrical cells
This test is not a requirement. It will be used as reference of performance and is applicable to LT, MT or HT cylindrical cells only.
The cell shall be discharged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, to a final voltage of 1,0 V and stored, in an ambient temperature of +55 °C ± 2 °C, for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.
The charge acceptance test shall then be carried out in an ambient temperature of +55 °C ± 2 °C. Charge and discharge shall be carried out at constant currents, using the conditions specified in Table 20. The discharge conditions A or B may be chosen to suit the users’ requirements.
Table 20 – Charge and discharge at +55 °C
Cycle number D
ischarge A or B a
0,05 It A for 48 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
a Discharge A is used with LT, MT or HT cells. Discharge B is used with MT or HT
b The duration of discharge of cycles 2 and 3 shall be recorded and provided in any
report of results.
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官方公共微信IEC 61951-1 Edition 2.1-2006《含碱性或其他非酸性电解...
IEC 61951-1 Edition 2.1-2006《含碱性或其他非酸性电解液的二次单体电池和电池—便携式密封可充电单体电池-第1部分：镍-镉》
IEC 61951-1 Edition 2.1-2006《Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes － Portable sealed rechargeable single cells － Part 1Nickel-cadmium》
Discharge performance at 20 °C
The cell shall be charged in accordance with 7.1. After charging, the cell shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, for not less than 1 h and not more than 4 h.
The cell shall then be discharged in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C and as specified in Tables 5, 6 or 7. The duration of discharge shall be not less than the values specified in Tables 5, 6 or 7.The 0,2 It A discharge test is performed in order to verify the declared rated capacity of the cell.
Table 5 – Discharge performance at 20 °C for small prismatic cells
Discharge conditions
discharge duration
Rate of constant current
Final voltage
a Five cycles are permitted for this test. The test shall be terminated at the end of the first cycle which meets the requirement.
Table 6 – Discharge performance at 20 °C for cylindrical cells
Discharge conditions
Minimum discharge duration
Rate of onstant current
Final voltage
Cell Rate of ll designation
a Five cycles are permitted for this test. The test shall be terminated at the end of the first cycle which meets the requirement.
b Prior to the 5,0 It A and 10,0 It A tests, a conditioning cycle may be included if necessary. This cycle shall consist of charging at 0,1 It A in accordance with 7.1 and discharging at 0,2 It A, at an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, according to <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1.
Table 7 – Discharge performance at 20 °C for button cells
Discharge conditions
Minimum discharge durationh/min
Rate of constant &¤t A
Final voltage V
Cell designation
a Five cycles are permitted for this test. The test shall be terminated at the end of the first cycle which meets the requirement.
b Prior to the 5 It A test, a conditioning cycle may be included if necessary. This cycle shall consist of charging at 0,1 It A in accordance with 7.1 and discharging at 0,2 It A, at an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, according to <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1.
Discharge performance at –18 °C
The cell shall be charged in accordance with 7.1. After charging, the cell shall be stored in an ambient temperature of –18 °C ± 2 °C for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.
The cell shall then be discharged in an ambient temperature of –18 °C ± 2 °C and as specified in Tables 8, 9 or 10. The duration of discharge shall be not less than the values specified in Tables 8, 9 or 10.
Table 8 – Discharge performance at –18 °C for small prismatic cells
Discharge conditions
Minimum discharge duration h/min
Rate of constant current
Final voltage
Table 9 – Discharge performance at –18 °C for cylindrical cells
Discharge conditions
Minimum discharge duration h/min
Rate of constant current
Final voltage
Cell Rate of ll designation
a Prior to the 2,0 It A and 3,0 It A tests, a conditioning cycle may be included if necessary. This cycle consists of charging at 0,1 It A in accordance with 7.1 and discharging at 0,2 It A at an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, according to <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1.
Table 10 – Discharge performance at –18 °C for button cells
Discharge conditions
Minimum discharge duration h/min
Rate of constant &urrent A
Final voltage
Cell designation、
a a Prior to the 2,0 It A test, a conditioning cycle may be included if necessary. This cycle shall consist of charging at 0,1 It A in accordance with 7.1 and discharging at 0,2 It A at an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, according to <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1
Discharge performance for rapid charge cells (R cells)
R cells shall be charged at a constant current of 1,0 It A for 1,2 h or other appropriate charge termination method as recommended by the cell manufacturer, followed by a charge at 0,1 It A for 2 h in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C. After charging, the cell shall be stored and ischarged as specified in <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1 and 7.2.2.
The duration of discharge shall be not less than the values specified in Table 6 for discharge at
20 °C ± 5 °C and in Table 9 for discharge at –18 °C ± 2 °C.
Charge (capacity) retention
The charge (capacity) retention shall be determined by the following test. After charging in accordance with 7.1, the cell shall be stored on open circuit for 28 days. The average ambient temperature shall be 20 °C ± 2 °C. The temperature may be allowed to vary within the range of 20 °C ± 5 °C for short periods during the storage.
The cell shall be discharged under the conditions specified in <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1 at a rate of 0,2 It A.
The duration of discharge after 28 days of storage at 20 °C shall be not less than:
l&&&&&&&& &3 h for s
l&&&&&&&& 3 h 15 min f
l&&&&&&&& 3 h 15 min for H
l&&&&&&&& 3 h 45 min for L and M button cells.
Endurance in cycles
Prior to the endurance in cycle test, the cell shall be discharged at a constant current of 0,2 It A to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The following endurance test shall then be carried out, irrespective of cell designation, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C. Charge and discharge shall be carried out at constant current throughout, in accordance with the conditions specified in Tables 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15.
Precautions shall be taken to prevent the cell-case temperature from rising above 35 °C during the test, by providing a forced air draught if necessary.
NOTE Actual cell temperature, not the ambient temperature, determines cell performance.
7.4.1.1 Small prismatic and cylindrical cells
Table 11 – Endurance in cycles for small prismatic and cylindrical cells
Cycle number
Stand in charged condition
0,10 It A for 16 h
0,25 It A for 3 h 10 min
0,25 It A for 3 h 10 min
0,10 It A for 16 h
1 h to 4 h
0,25 It A for 2 h 20 min a
0,25 It A for 2 h 20 min a
0,25 It A to 1,0 V
0,20 It A to 1,0 V b
a If the cell voltage drops below 1,0 V, the discharge may be discontinued.
b It is permissible to allow sufficient open-circuit rest time after the completion of discharge at cycle 50, so as to start cycle 51 at a convenient time. A similar procedure may be adopted at cycles 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 and 450.
Cycles 1 to 50 shall be repeated until the discharge duration on any 50th cycle becomes less than 3 h. At this stage, a repeat capacity measurement as specified for cycle 50 shall be carried out.
The endurance test is considered complete when two such successive capacity cycles give a discharge duration of less than 3 h. The total number of cycles obtained when the test is
completed shall be not less than:
l&&&&&&&& 400 for s
l&&&&&&&& 500 for L/LR, M/MR, H/HR or X/XR
l&&&&&&&& 50 for cylindrical cells LT/LU, MT/MU or HT/HU.
7.4.1.2 Cylindrical cells (accelerated test procedures)
In order to accelerate the test or to use cycling conditions approximating those in actual applications, one of the following alternative procedures relevant to the cell may be carried out as an alternative to <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1.1.
7.4.1.2.1 H or X cells
Table 12 – Endurance in cycles for H or X cells
Cycle number
charged condition
Conditions
Total duration
subsequent rest
0.1ItA 16h
0.1ItA 16h
1,0 It A to 1,0 V
1,0 It A to 1,0 V
1,0 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
a &It is permissible to allow sufficient open-circuit rest time after the completion of discharge at cycle 50, so as to
start cycle 51 at a convenient time. A similar procedure may be adopted at cycles 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 and 450.Cycles 1 to 50 shall be repeated until the discharge duration to the final voltage of 1,0 V on any 49th cycle becomes less than 30 min or until the discharge duration to the final voltage of 1,0 V on any 50th cycle becomes less than 3 h. At this stage, a repeat capacity measurement as specified for cycle 50 shall be carried out and if the discharge time is less than 3 h again the test is terminated.
The total number of cycles obtained when the test is completed shall be not less than 500.
7.4.1.2.2 X cells
Table 13 – Endurance in cycles for cylindrical X cells
Cycle number
charged condition
Conditions
Total duration
subsequent rest
0,1 It A for 16 h
1,0 It A for 1 h
1,0 It A for 1 h
0,1 It A for 16 h
1 h to 4 h
5,0 It A to 0,8 V
5,0 It A to 0,8 V
5,0 It A to 0,8 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
a &It is permissible to allow sufficient open-circuit rest time after the completion of discharge at cycle 50, so as to start cycle 51 at a convenient time. A similar procedure may be adopted at cycles 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 and 450.
Cycles 1 to 50 shall be repeated until the discharge duration to the final voltage of 0,8 V on any 49th cycle becomes less than 5 min or until the discharge duration to the final voltage of 1,0 V on any 50th cycle becomes less than 3 h. At this stage, a repeat capacity measurement as specified for cycle 50 shall be carried out and if the discharge time is less than 3 h again the test is terminated. The total number of cycles obtained when the test is completed shall be not less than 500.
7.4.1.2.3 HR or XR cells
Table 14 – Endurance in cycles for HR or XR cells
Cycle number
charged condition
Total duration
subsequent rest
0,1 It A for 16 h
1,0 It A for a
1,0 It A for a
1,0 It A for a
plus 0,1 It A for 2 h
1 h to 4 h
1,0 It A to 1,0 V
1,0 It A to 1,0 V
1,0 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
a &With appropriate charge termination, as recommended by the manufacturer, or in the absence of a recommendation charge for 1,2 h.
b It is permissible to allow sufficient open-circuit rest time after the completion of discharge at cycle 50, so as to start cycle 51 at a convenient time. A similar procedure may be adopted at cycles 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 and 450.
Cycles 1 to 50 shall be repeated until the discharge duration to the final voltage of 1,0 V on any 49th cycle becomes less than 30 min or until the discharge duration to the final voltage of 1,0 V on any 50th cycle becomes less than 3 h. At this stage, a repeat capacity measurement as specified for cycle 50 shall be carried out and if the discharge time is less than 3 h again the test is terminated.
The total number of cycles obtained when the test is completed shall be not less than 500.
7.4.1.3 Button cells
Table 15 – Endurance in cycles for button cells
Cycle number
charged condition
0,1 It A for 16 h
0,1 It A for 8 h
0,1 It A for 8 h
0,1 It A for 16 h
0,2 It A for 3 h
0,2 It A for 3 h
0,2 It A to 1,0 V a
0,2 It A to 1,0 V a
a It is permissible to allow sufficient open-circuit rest time after the completion of discharge at cycles 49 and 50, so as to start the following cycle at a convenient time. A similar procedure may be adopted at cycles 100, 150,200, 250, 300 and 350.
Cycles 1 to 50 shall be repeated until the discharge duration on any 50th cycle becomes less than 3 h. At this stage, a repeat capacity measurement as specified for cycle 50 shall be carried out.
The endurance test is considered complete when two successive capacity measurement cycles give a discharge duration of less than 3 h. The total number of cycles successfully completed shall be not less than 400 for M and H cells and 300 for L cells.
Permanent charge endurance
7.4.2.1 Small prismatic cells
There is no requirement for permanent charge endurance tests on small prismatic cells.
7.4.2.2 L, M, H or X cylindrical cells and L, M or H button cells
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged at 0,2 It A to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The following permanent charge endurance test shall be carried out at an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C. Charge and discharge shall be carried out at constant current throughout,using the conditions specified in Table 16 for cylindrical cells and in Table 17 for button cells.
Table 16 – Permanent charge endurance for L, M, H or X cylindrical cells
number Charge
Discharge a
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
a The discharge is carried out immediately on completion of the charging.
Precautions shall be taken to prevent cell-case temperature from rising above 25 °C during the test by providing forced air draught if necessary.
The discharge duration at cycle 4 shall be not less than 3 h.
Table 17 – Permanent charge endurance for button cells
Charge for L
or M cells
Charge for
Discharge a
0,01 It A for 91 days
0,01 It A for 91 days
0,01 It A for 91 days
0,01 It A for 91 days
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,05 It A for 91 days
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
a The discharge is carried out immediately upon completion of discharge.
Precautions shall be taken to prevent cell-case temperature from rising above 30 °C during the test by providing forced air draught if necessary.
The discharge duration at cycle 4 shall be not less than 3 h.
7.4.2.3 LT, MT or HT cylindrical cells
The permanent charge endurance test shall be performed in three steps according to the conditions specified in Table 18.
It consists of:
l&&&&&&&& a charge acceptance test at +40 °C;
l&&&&&&&& an ageing period of six months at +70 °C;
l&&&&&&&& a final charge acceptance test to check the cell’s performance after ageing.
NOTE The six months ageing period and the temperature of +70 °C have been selected to simulate four years of permanent charge operation at +40 °C.
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged at 0,2 It A at 20 °C ± 5 °C to a final voltage of 1,0 V and stored, in an ambient temperature of +40 °C ± 2 °C, for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.
The cell shall then be charged and discharged at constant current under the conditions specified in Table 18 while maintained in an ambient temperature of +40 °C ± 2 °C or +70 °C ± 2 °C respectively as appropriate.
The discharge conditions A or B may be chosen to suit the user’s requirements. The discharge is carried out immediately on completion of charging.
After performing the first charge acceptance test at +40 °C the cell is stored, in an ambient temperature of +70 °C ± 2 °C, for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.
During the ageing period of six months at +70 °C, precautions shall be taken to prevent the cell-case temperature from rising above +75 °C by providing a forced air draught, if necessary.
NOTE Actual cell case temperature, not the ambient temperature, determines cell performance.
The discharge duration of the three cycles at +70 °C shall be recorded. Leakage of electrolyte shall not occur during this test.
After completion of the ageing period, the cell shall be stored, in an ambient
temperature of +40 °C ± 2 °C for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h. The three cycles at +40 °C of the initial charge acceptance test are then repeated using the conditions specified in Table 18. The duration of the discharge shall be not less than the values specified in Table 18.
Table 18 – Permanent charge endurance for LT, MT, or HT cylindrical cells
temperature
Discharge A or B a
Minimum discharge
+40 °C ± 2 °C
0,05 It A for 48 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
No requirement
No requirement
3 h 45 min
3 h 45 min
+70 °C ± 2 °C
0,05 It A for 60 days
0,05 It A for 60 days
0,05 It A for 60 days
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
No requirement
+40 °C ± 2 °C
0,05 It A for 48 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
No requirement
No requirement
2 h 30 min
2 h 30 min
a A: for LT, MT or HT cells.
B: for MT or HT cells only.
7.4.2.4 LU, MU or HU cylindrical cells
The permanent charge endurance test shall be performed in three steps according to the conditions specified in Table 26.
It consists of:
l&&&&&&&& a charge acceptance test at +50 °C;
l&&&&&&&& an ageing period of twelve months at +70 °C;
l&&&&&&&& a final charge acceptance test to check the cell’s performance after ageing.
NOTE The twelve months ageing period and the temperature of +70 °C have been selected to simulate four years of permanent charge operation at +50 °C.
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged at 0,2 It A at 20 °C ± 5 °C to a final voltage of 1,0 V and stored, in an ambient temperature of +50 °C ± 2 °C, for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.
The cell shall then be charged and discharged at constant current under the conditions specified in Table 26 while maintained in an ambient temperature of +50 °C ± 2 °C or +70 °C ± 2 °C respectively as appropriate.
The discharge conditions A or B may be chosen to suit the user’s requirements. The discharge is carried out immediately on completion of charging.
After performing the first charge acceptance test at +50 °C the cell is stored, in an ambient temperature of +70 °C ± 2 °C, for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.
During the ageing period of twelve months at +70 °C, precautions shall be taken to prevent the cell-case temperature from rising above +75 °C by providing a forced air draught, if necessary.
NOTE Actual cell case temperature, not the ambient temperature, determines cell performance.
The discharge duration of the three cycles at +70 °C shall be recorded. Leakage of electrolyte shall not occur during this test.
After completion of the ageing period, the cell shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of +50 °C ± 2 °C for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h. The three cycles at +50 °C of the initial charge acceptance test are then repeated using the conditions specified in Table 26. The duration of the discharge shall be not less than the values specified in Table 26.
Table 26 – Permanent charge endurance for LU, MU, or HU cylindrical cells
temperature
Discharge A or B a
Minimum discharge
+50 °C ± 2 °C
0,05 It A for 48 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
No requirement
No requirement
3 h 45 min
3 h 45 min
+70 °C ± 2 °C
0,05 It A for120 days
0,05 It A for 120 days
0,05 It A for 120 days
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
No requirement
+50 °C ± 2 °C
0,05 It A for 48 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
No requirement
No requirement
2 h 30 min
2 h 30 min
a A: for LU, MU or HU cells.
B: for MU or HU cells only.
Charge acceptance at constant voltage
This standard does not specify a charge acceptance test at constant voltage.
Charging at constant voltage is not recommended.
Small prismatic cells
The ability of the cell to withstand an overcharge shall be determined by the following test.
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, down to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The cell shall then be charged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,1 It A, for 48 h. After this charging operation, the cell shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, for not less than 1 h and not more than 4 h. The cell shall then be discharged at 20 °C ± 5 °C with a constant current of 0,2 It A to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The duration of discharge shall be not less than 5 h.
L, M, H or X cylindrical and button cells
The ability of the cell to withstand an overcharge shall be determined by the following test.
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The cell shall then be charged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,1 It A, for 28 days. After this charging operation, it shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, for not less than 1 h and not more than 4 h.
The cell shall then be discharged at 20 °C ± 5 °C with a constant current of 0,2 It A to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The duration of discharge shall be not less than,
l&&&&&&&& 5 h f
l&&&&&&&& 4 h 15 min for button cells.
LT/LU, MT/MU or HT/HU cylindrical cells
The ability of the cell to withstand an overcharge shall be determined by the following test performed at 0 °C ± 2 °C in circulating air.
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, to a final voltage of 1,0 V and stored, at 0 °C ± 2 °C for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.
Charge and discharge shall be carried out at constant current, using the conditions specified in Table 19. The discharge conditions A or B may be chosen to suit the user’s requirements.
Table 19 – Overcharge at 0 °C
Discharge A a
Discharge B a
LT/LU, MT/MU, HT/HU cells
MT/MU, HT/HU cells
0,05 It A for 28 days
0,2 It A to 1,0 V
1,0 It A to 1,0 V
a The discharge is carried out immediately on completion of the charging.
The duration of discharge shall be not less than,
l&&&&&&&& 4 h 15 min on discharge A, or
l&&&&&&&& 36 min on discharge B.
R cylindrical cells
The ability of the cell to withstand an overcharge shall be determined by the following test.
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The cell shall then be charged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 1,0 It A for 1,2 h or other appropriate charge termination such as –ÄV or as recommended by the manufacturer. Then charging should be continued, in the same ambient temperature, at a constant current of 0,1 It A for 28 days. After this charging operation, the cell shall be stored, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, for not less than 1 h and not more than 4 h.
The cell shall then be discharged in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The duration of discharge shall be not less than 5 h.
Safety device operation
The following test shall be carried out in order to establish that the safety device of the cell will operate to allow the escape of gas when the internal pressure exceeds a critical value.
NOTE Some button cells do not have a safety vent. This test should not be performed on this type of cell.
The cell shall undergo a forced discharge in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A to a final voltage of 0,0 V.
The current shall then be increased to 1,0 It A and the forced discharge continued in the same ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C for 60 min.
During and at the end of this discharge, the cell shall not disrupt or burst. Leakage of electrolyte and deformation of the cell are acceptable.
Storage should be carried out according to the recommendations of the manufacturer.
Prior to this test, the cell shall be discharged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
The cell shall then be stored on open circuit at a mean temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C and at a relative humidity of 65 % ± 20 % for 12 months.
During the storage period, the ambient temperature shall not at any time fluctuate beyond the limits of 20 °C ± 10 °C.
After completion of the storage period, the cell shall be charged in accordance with:
l&&&&&&&& 7.1 for button cells, small prismatic cells, L/LT/LU, M/MT/MU, H/HT/HU, X
l&&&&&&&& 7.2.3 for R cylindrical cells.
The cell shall then be discharged at each rate of constant current appropriate to cell designation as specified in <st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year=".1. Five cycles are permitted for this test. The test shall be terminated at the end of the first cycle which meets the requirement.
The duration of discharge shall be not less than the values specified in Tables 6 or 7 for cylindrical or button cells and shall be not less than 4 h for the small prismatic cells.
NOTE In the case of a quality acceptance procedure, provisional approval of cell performance may be agreed, pending satisfactory results on discharge after storage.
Charge acceptance at +55 °C for LT, MT or HT cylindrical cells
This test is not a requirement. It will be used as reference of performance and is applicable to LT, MT or HT cylindrical cells only.
The cell shall be discharged, in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 It A, to a final voltage of 1,0 V and stored, in an ambient temperature of +55 °C ± 2 °C, for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.
The charge acceptance test shall then be carried out in an ambient temperature of +55 °C ± 2 °C. Charge and discharge shall be carried out at constant currents, using the conditions specified in Table 20. The discharge conditions A or B may be chosen to suit the users’ requirements.
Table 20 – Charge and discharge at +55 °C
Cycle number D
ischarge A or B a
0,05 It A for 48 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
0,05 It A for 24 h
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
A: 0,2 It A to 1,0 V or
B: 1,0 It A to 1,0 V
a Discharge A is used with LT, MT or HT cells. Discharge B is used with MT or HT
b The duration of discharge of cycles 2 and 3 shall be recorded and provided in any
report of results.
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