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Last weekend was a busy time for our family. On Saturday , my parents went shopping for clothes. My brother， Gray played basketball with his friends. My sister ，Gina stayed at home in the morning and played the piano. I stayed at home, too. I studied for a math test. In the afternoon ，I went to the beach..On Saturday evening, my family and I had dinner at home. Then we went to the movies.On Sunday morning, my family stayed at home. Gina and I cleaned our room., and Gray played computer games. In the afternoon my grandparents visited us. We were happy to see them. They stayed at our house for dinner. After dinner, we watched TV. I was tired on Sunday night. I went to bed early.根据短文内容，判断句子正（A）误（B）【小题1】I stayed at home on Saturday morning.【小题2】Gina is Gray’s aunt.【小题3】On Saturday evening ， my family and I went to the movies.【小题4】Gray cleaned his room on Sunday morning.【小题5】I went to visit my grandparents on Sunday afternoon.&
本题难度：一般
题型：解答题&|&来源：2014-陕西西安远东第一中学八年级上第1周周考英语试卷
分析与解答
习题“Last weekend was a busy time for our family. On Saturday , my parents went shopping for clothes. My broth...”的分析与解答如下所示：
本文讲述了我们一家人上个周末的活动情况。【小题1】根据“I stayed at home, too.”还有后面提到的：“In the afternoon ，I went to the beach.”可知，上午我呆在了家里。所以本题判断为A。【小题2】根据“My brother， Gray played basketball with his friends.”可知，Gray是我的哥哥。故本题应判断为B。【小题3】根据“On Saturday evening, my family and I had dinner at home. Then we went to the movies.”可知周六晚上我们去看了电影。所以本题判断为A。【小题4】根据“Gray played computer games.”可知他玩电子游戏，而非清扫房间。所以本题判断为B。【小题5】根据“In the afternoon my grandparents visited us.”可知是我的祖父母来看了我们，而不是我们去看望了祖父母。所以本题判断为B。
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欢迎来到乐乐题库，查看习题“Last weekend was a busy time for our family. On Saturday , my parents went shopping for clothes. My brother， Gray played basketball with his friends. My sister ，Gina stayed at home in the morning and played the piano. I stayed at home, too. I studied for a math test. In the afternoon ，I went to the beach..On Saturday evening, my family and I had dinner at home. Then we went to the movies.On Sunday morning, my family stayed at home. Gina and I cleaned our room., and Gray played computer games. In the afternoon my grandparents visited us. We were happy to see them. They stayed at our house for dinner. After dinner, we watched TV. I was tired on Sunday night. I went to bed early.根据短文内容，判断句子正（A）误（B）【小题1】I stayed at home on Saturday morning.【小题2】Gina is Gray’s aunt.【小题3】On Saturday evening ， my family and I went to the movies.【小题4】Gray cleaned his room on Sunday morning.【小题5】I went to visit my grandparents on Sunday afternoon.”的答案、考点梳理，并查找与习题“Last weekend was a busy time for our family. On Saturday , my parents went shopping for clothes. My brother， Gray played basketball with his friends. My sister ，Gina stayed at home in the morning and played the piano. I stayed at home, too. I studied for a math test. In the afternoon ，I went to the beach..On Saturday evening, my family and I had dinner at home. Then we went to the movies.On Sunday morning, my family stayed at home. Gina and I cleaned our room., and Gray played computer games. In the afternoon my grandparents visited us. We were happy to see them. They stayed at our house for dinner. After dinner, we watched TV. I was tired on Sunday night. I went to bed early.根据短文内容，判断句子正（A）误（B）【小题1】I stayed at home on Saturday morning.【小题2】Gina is Gray’s aunt.【小题3】On Saturday evening ， my family and I went to the movies.【小题4】Gray cleaned his room on Sunday morning.【小题5】I went to visit my grandparents on Sunday afternoon.”相似的习题。《六人行》全十季笔记解析和难懂的笑话详解 - 外语-
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官方公众微信新概念二学习笔记
新概念英语第二册学习笔记
★New Words and Expressions
☆private adj.私人的
如果妈妈想看你的信，你可以说：It's my private letter.
如果陌生人想进你的房子，你可以说：It's my private house.
private life 私生活
由此引申出privacy n.隐私
新东方是private school(私立学校），与此相反，公立学校是public
school.所以，private的反义词是public.
eg.public 公众；public letter 公开信；public place 公共场所
private还有一个值得注意的意思：普通的。
如：private citizen 普通公民；private soldier 大兵
我们熟悉的《拯救大兵瑞恩》就是《Private Ryan》
☆conversation n.谈话
subject of conversation 话题。（天气是英国人最喜爱的话题）
几种谈话：
talk 内容可以正式，也可以私人
conversation 一般用于正式文体中，内容上往往不正式
dialogue 对话，可以指正式国家与国家会谈。
eg.China and Korea are having a dialogue.
chat 闲聊，就是北京人说的“侃”，说的是无关紧要的事。
gossip 嚼舌头，说长道短
用法：have a +...
☆theatre n.剧场，戏剧
[记忆]cinema 电影院
☆seat n.座位
这个词很重要，考试常考。
have a good seat,这里的seat指place，而不是chair。
take a seat/take your seat 坐下来，就坐
下面这个句子在口语、电影里很常见：Is the seat taken?
请坐的3种说法：
Sit down,please.(命令性）
take your seat,please.
Be seated,please.(更礼貌）
考点：作为动词的seat与sit的区别
sit-- seat--vt
seat sb 让某人就坐
When all those present___he began his lecture.(D) (重点题）
A.sit B.set C.seated D.were seated
A,B改为sat就对了
☆angry adj.生气的
cross=angry
☆attention n.注意
Attention,please.
pay attention 注意
pay attention to 对……注意
pay a little/much/more/no attention
☆bear(bore,boren) v.容忍
忍受的几种说法：bear,stand,endure,put up with
bear-&stand-&endure 忍受的极限在扩大
pur up with=bear=stand
give sb a bear hug 给某人热情（热烈）的拥抱
☆business n.事，生意
business man 生意人 do business 做生意
go to some place on business 因公出差
business:某人自己的私人的事情
thing：可以指事情，也可以指东西
★Text
Last week,I went to the theatre.I had a very good seat.The play
was very interesting.I didn't enjoy it.A young man and a young
woman were sitting behind me.They were talking loudly.I got very
angry.I could not hear the actors.I turned round.I looked at the
man and the woman angrily.They didnot pay any attention.In the
end,I couldnot bear it.I turned round again."I can't hear a word."I
said angrily."It's none of your business."The young man said
rudely."It's a private conversation!"
☆go to the+地点：表示去某地干嘛
go to the cinema=see a film
go to the +人+'s:表示去这个人开的店
go to the doctor's 去看病
go to the butcher's 买肉
go to the dairy(奶品店）
go to +地点：去某地做相关的事
go to school 去上学； go to church 去做礼拜； go to hospital 去看病 go home
[注]跟home相连一定表示没有事情可做，休闲
☆enjoy
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
enjoy+sth 喜欢（从中得到一种享受） （后面不能加人）
I enjoy the music/book/dinner/film/program.
☆过去进行时态：过去的某个时间正在发生的动作
一个故事的背景往往用进行时态描述。
eg.The girl was reading a book in the garden.A boy came to
☆got 变得
I am/was angry.（是个事实）
I got angry.（强调变化过程）
got取代be动词。got是半联系动词，可以直接加形容词。
☆说话的时候喜欢用缩略：I'm not,he isn't,they aren't
写的时候会说：I am not,he is not,they are not
☆hear：听见 hear+人：听见某人的话
I couldn't hear you.Beg your pardon?
I couldn't hear a word.（夸张）
I couldn't catch your words.
a word 等于一句话
eg.He didn't say a word.
May I speak to Jim?=May I have a word with Jim?
Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch
★New words and expressions
☆until prep.直到
后面加（时间状语）从句，前面就是主句
区分“直到……才”（not until)和“直到……为止”(until)的方法：
把until作为时间终止线。从句的时间终点之前，这个动作做了还是没做？
做了——肯定；没做——否定。
eg:For he___until it stopped raining.
A.waited B.didn't wait (A)
A.leave. B.left C.didn't leave (C)
☆outside adv.外面（作状语）
eg:He is waiting for me outside.
☆ring(rang,rung) v.（铃、电话等）响
[注]这种响是刺耳的，往往是提醒人做某事
如：The telephone/door bell is ringing.
而风铃等响要用jingle
jingle(bell):（铃儿）响叮当
v.给某人打电话：ring sb
n.打电话：give sb a ring
Remember to ring me.=Remember to give me a ring.
☆aunt n.姑，姨，婶，舅母
所有长一辈的女性都用这个称呼
与此相同，男性则是uncle
他们的孩子：cousin：堂兄妹（不分男女）
cousin的孩子：nephew：外甥，niece：外甥女[记：“捏死”]
★Text
It was Sunday.I never get up early on Sundays.I sometimes stay
in bed until lunch time.Last Sunday,I got up very late.I looked out
of the windows.it was dark outside."What a day!"I thought.It's
raining again.Just then,the telephone rang.It was my aunt
Lucy."I've just arrived by train."she said."I'm coming to see
you.""But I'm still having breakfast."I said."What are you
doing?"She asked."I'm having breakfast."I repeated."Dear me!"She
said."Do you always get up so late?It's one o'clock."
（由于我没有文本，以上是听写出来的，错误只处还望指正）
☆look out of
out of是固定搭配
☆感叹句
What+a/an+adj+n+主语+谓语
省略：1.主、谓随时可省
eg:What a good girl (she is)!
2.省形容词
[注]有上下文和一定的语境，才能省略形容词。不能给对方造成误解。
如本文的What a day!根据上下文的It was dark outside.和It's raining again
.可以推断出省略的是terrible.
☆It was my aunt Lucy.
如果不知道对方性别时，可以用it取代。
如有人敲门，可以问：Who is it?
☆by train
by直接加交通工具（不能有任何修饰词、复数）
如果加修饰词，就要换掉by，用in或on
I go out by bus.
若是两辆：I go out in/on two buses.
☆I'm coming to see you.我将要来看你。
用come的现在进行时态be coming表示一般将来
同样的用法还有：go,come,leave,arrive,land,meet,die,start,return,join...
前4个一定要记住
☆天哪！英国人说Dear me!或My dear!
美国人说：My god!(o发啊的音）
★Key strucrures关键句型
本课的重点句型是现在进行和一般现在。
now：现在进行时（说话的当时正在发生，现阶段正在发生）
often，always：一般现在时
一般现在时，是一种习惯、真理，是过去、现在和未来都会发生的事情。
频率副词往往放在句子中间，实义动词前，非实义动词后。
如果既有实义动词又有非实义动词，要放在两个之间。
疑问句中副词往往放在主语后面。
非实义动词：1.系动词（be）
2.助动词：帮助动词构成时态的（do,does,will,shall,have,had,has）
3.情态动词（must,can,may）
除此之外都是实义动词。
Lesson 3 Please send me a card
★New words and expressions
☆send v.寄
寄信：send a letter
用法：send sth to sb/send sb sth
类似的用法还有give,take,pass,read,sell...
send/take children to school
区别：take：强调某人亲自送；
send则是通过第三人去送，如美国的校车
本课重点：双宾语
双宾语指直接宾语（表示动作结果）和间接宾语（表示动作目标）
如在give sb sth中，sb是间接宾语，sth是直接宾语
如果不是为了以后讲语法，不用分清什么是间接宾语，什么是直接宾语，只需把用法记住即可。
间接宾语在后面时，其前必须加to（对……而做，翻译为“给”）或for（为……而做，翻译为“替”）
可以翻译为“给”，“替”，“为”的，就用for；如果只能翻译为“给”就以用to
I buy a book for you.
总结：用for的词：buy,order,make,find
Do me a favor please.=Do a favor for me.
☆postcard n.明信片
[注意]/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音
简写为card，由此引申出：
namecard/visiting card:名片
ID card:身份证
credit card:信用卡
☆spoil(spoiled or spoilt) v.使索然无味，损坏(重点词）
几种破坏：
打破玻璃用break；
damage:破坏，但是程度不一定很重；
destroy：破坏，彻底摧毁；
以上三个是指物理上的破坏，而spoil主要指精神上
spoil:把东西的质量变得不好了；生活中不顺心的事。
1.宠坏。His parents spoiled the boy.
2.毁了某人心情。His arrival spoiled my holiday.
☆museum n.博物馆
那么多博物馆一定要记住我们的Palace Museum(故宫）哦
☆public adj.公共的
这个词我们在第一课见过了，基本用法和private一起记。下面再说两点：
1.public house简称pub：酒吧
2.in public:公开的；in private:私下里的
☆friendly adj.友好的
以-ly结尾是形容词，同样的还有lovely
friendly单独用，一般做宾语来用
作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好，用短语in a friendly way
☆waiter n.服务员，招待员
waiter(男服务员），waitress（女服务员），只出现在餐馆里
领班：chief waiter
商店里的店员：shop assistant
其他公共场所的服务员:attendant
☆lend v.借给 lend to
借进：borrow borrow from
☆decision n.决定
make a big/great decision
☆whole adj.整个的
the whole...
all the...
all of后面如果加代词，代词前面不需要修饰词
一旦要加名词，前面一定要加the
all of the students
★Text
Postcards always spoil my holidays.Last summer,I went to Italy.I
visited the museums and sat in public gardens.A friendly waiter
taught me a few words of Italian.Then he lent me a book.I read a
few lines.I did not understand a word.Everyday I thought about
postcards.On the last day,I made a big decision.I got up early and
bought thiry-seven cards.I spent the whole day in my room,but I did
not write a single card!
☆语言不可数，所以要用a little Italian或a few words of Italian
☆think about/of 考虑，思考，think of还可指想到
think over:仔细考虑
What do you think of the weather today?
冷：cold,chilly（凛冽），freeze:I'll freeze.（冻僵）
☆last summer里的last表示“上一个”
the last day里的last表示“最后一个”，表示“最后一个”时要加冠词the，这时前面要加介词
☆spend+时间+地点
eg:I spent three hours in the sea.
I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞)
Lesson 4 An exciting trip
★New words and expressions
☆exciting adj.令人兴奋的
v.excite 激动-&adj.excited ,exciting
-ed:自己感到；-ing：令人感到
如：interesting:令人感到有趣的；interested：感到有意思的
动词的宾语一定是人，让后面的人感到……
eg:The news excited me.
Rhe book interests me.
☆receive v.接受，收到
accept:同意接收，主观上乐意
receive（与have通用）：客观的收到 receive/have a letter from sb
eg:This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy,but I
didn't accept it.
take:接受，与前两词无可比性，只需记住两个搭配：
take advice
☆firm n.商行，公司
等同于company
☆abroad adv.在国外
注意是个副词，直接和动词连用，不需要介词
go/live/study abroad
★Text
I have just received a letter from my brother Tim.He is in
Australia.He has been there for six months.Tim is an engineer.He is
working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of
different places in Australia.He ha just bought an Australian car
and has gone to Alice Springs,a small town in the centre of
Australia.He will soon visit Darwin.From there,he will fly to
Perth.My brother has never benn abroad before,so he is finding this
trip very exciting.
☆have been+in 地点
他已经到北京了：He has arrived in Beijing.
他到北京一年了，就不能用arrive了。因为arrive是表示点的动词，不能和段时间连用。所以用我们的新句型：have been
He has been in Beijing for one year.
☆work in 强调工作的地点
work for 强调work，不是在游逛，是在工作
☆a great number of后面一定要加可数名词复数
a lot of可加可数名词也可加不可数名词
它们是约等于的关系
I have a lot of/a great number of friends.
I have a lot of time.中的a lot of 就不能替换为a great number of了
☆have gone to :去了某地没回来
have been to :曾经去过某地，现在不在那个地方
☆from there:从那地方起
from既可以加时间又可以加地点
eg:from half past 8 to half past 11
from Beijing to Tianjin
☆fly to Perth=go to Perth by air
☆before用在句子的末尾是副词，翻译为“在此之前”，是现在完成时态的标志。
☆find+宾语+形容词做宾补
find the room clean
注意，在本句中用的是find的进行时态。
在收听外台的广播中经常能听到find不用一般式，而用进行式。
eg:We're finding the program very exciting.
在写的时候用一般式，口语就用进行式
下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时态：
believe doubt see hear know understand belong think consider
feel look seem show mind have sound taste require possess care like
hate love detest desire
★第3课关键句型：一般过去式。
第4课关键句型：现在完成式。
第5课将总结一般过去式和现在完成式的相同点、不同点，用的时候要注意声明。
下面的几个词已出现就标志着完成式：just,before,already
Lesson 5 No wrong numbers
★New words and expressions
☆pigeon n.鸽子
口语里常说：It's not my pigeon.=None of my business.这不是我的过错
☆message n.信息（可数名词）
information 信息（不可数名词）
leave sb a message:给……留便条
I'll leave you a message.
take a message for sb:替……捎口信
此句在电话里非常常用，如果你要找的人不在，对方会说：
Can I take a message for you?
或者你可以说：Can you take a message for me?
☆cover v.越过
cover+距离：越过 cover the distance
☆distance n.距离
adj:distant
以-ce结尾的名词，形容词一般以-t结尾
如：importance--difference--different
keep distance:保持距离
中国人往往喜欢和人靠的很近，而英国人喜欢保持一定距离，他们认为自己周围的一切，包括空气都是自己的。所以在餐厅吃饭，想和英国人坐一桌，应该先问：Can
I join you?或Can I share this table?而不要直接去坐。
☆request n.要求，请求
request for:对……有请求，需求
I have a request for the cake.
v.request sb to do sth=ask sb to do sth:要求某人做……
在口语中用require sb to do sth
外国人喜欢用被动：You're required/asked to do...
☆spare part 备件
☆service n.业务，服务
(I'm glad to be)At your service. 我很乐意为您效劳。
[总结]对Thank you.的回答：
-That's all right./That' OK.绝对正确，绝对过时。只有老人还用，已渐渐背遗忘。
-You are welcome./Not at all./(It's)My pleasure./At your
在演讲讲座的结尾，演讲者会说：Thank you for your
listening.此时以上回答都不准确，回应是报以热烈的掌声。
如果一个老外给你说Thank you.你一激动想不起怎么回答，最聪明的回答就是：No
thanks.同样对sorry可以回答：No sorry.
★Text
Mr James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just
bought another garage in Pinhurst.Prinhurst is only five miles from
Silbury,but Mr Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage,so
he has just bought twelve pigeons.Yesterday,a pigeon carried the
first message from Pinhurst to Silbury.The bird covered the
distance the first three minutes.Up to now,Mr Scott has sent a
great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from
one garage to the other.In this way,he has begun his own private
'telephone' service.
☆another:其它中的一个（+单数名词）
other(adj)+n（可为单数或复数） 其它的 other people/books
the other:两个之中的另外一个（直接用，后面什么也不加）
句型：One...the other...
eg:I have two sisters.One is watering the flowers,and the other
is reading.
others=other+名词复数
句型：Some...others...
eg:Some boys are playing football,and others are rowing/going
结合课后选择题（8）
Mr Scott has a garage in Silbury.His___garage is in
A.another B.other C.else D.different
C错。else:其它的。else会放在被修饰词的后面。
它只能修饰两种词：1.疑问代词：who else,2.不定代词：anyone else,anything
A和B语法上都对，但A不好。
原因：1.an/a是冠词；his/my/your是形容词性物主代词；my
mother's是名词所有格。在语法上，以上三个词是不能同时并存的，一般要用只能用其中一个。
所以his和another=an+other不同时出现。
在这里可以用但是用的不好，是因为语法的范围正在放宽松。
2.another强调的是剩下的还有好几个当中的一个，强调的是有三个以上。
B.other加单数就表示一个，his取代the的位置。
☆距离的表达方式:Pinhurst is five miles(away)(from Silbury).
Bus stop is only one mile (from school/here).
对距离提问：How far...?
How far(away)is the bus stop?
☆get a telephone:安装电话
☆carry:带着，携着，意味着这个东西不会落地
I carry the bag.
take则是着地：I take my sister to the cinema.
☆a great many=a great number of (+可数名词复数） 许多
a lot of太简单了，把它放到一边吧，有舍才有得：）
☆关于way的几个短语：
※in this way:这样，以这种方式 in a friendly way
※by the way:顺便说以声（口语开头，用来转移话题，或使很严肃的问题变得较随意）
※on the way(to):在去……的途中（陈述句）
on the way to school/on the way home
※in a way:从某种意义上来说
In a way,you are kind.
※in the way:
1.挡路：Sorry,you are in the way.但一般不需要说，只要说Excuse me.就行。
out of the way:让路
如果那个人死活不给你让路，你说：Get out of the way!滚开！
2.=in this way
记住一个句型：I do...in the way you showed me.
eg:I fly the kite in the way you showed me.
但是in the family way不是以家庭的方式，而是指have a baby.
※get one's own way:随心所欲
★课后题学到的
☆4:表语从句
That's why+从句：那就是……的原因，前者是原因，why后面是结果
I was caught in the traffic jam.That's why I was late.
be动词后面是表语，后面的从句是表语从句。
That's后面的表语从句常常用特殊疑问词引导，再加一个句子。
That's when we can start class.
That's where we will have a meeting.
That's how I get to school.
☆时态填空
一般过去时标志：
in+具体的过去年代是具体的过去时间；
when对时间点提问：要不然和将来时连用，一般情况when的出现意味着一般过去时，现在完成时会用How long定位。
现在完成时的标志：
up till now=up to now/yet/already/just/before/How long
动词的时态第一种概念：根据这句话本身找关键词；
完形填空一句话得出的结论不一定是正确的，往往要根据上下文的时间得出时态。
Lesson 6 Percy Buttons
★New words and expressions
☆beggar n.乞丐
注意这是我们目前为止学到的唯一的以-ar结尾的名词。
v.beg 乞求
beg for:乞求得到
ask for:请求得到
☆pocket n.衣服口袋
inner pocket：大衣、西服内口袋
coat pocket
pocket book:袖珍书；pocket dictionary
pocket money:零花钱（小孩的）
（不是零钱，零钱是change：get exact change）
男人的零花钱：beer money
18世纪，在小说里有时能见到女人的零花钱是针线钱。但是随着时代的进步，剩下的money都归女人管，所以女人无零花钱。
pocket pick:车上的小偷
☆call v.拜访，光顾
call sb/call up sb:给某人打电话
call back:回电话
我们昨天学的电话用语
-Can you take a message for me?
如果不想让第三人知道，你可以说：
Can you tell him to call back?
关于call的几个短语：
call at+地点=visit someplace
call on sb
I will call on you.=I will call at your home.
call out=shout 大声喊
call in sb 招集和邀请
For the project,the government called in a lot of experts.
★Text
I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street.Yesterday a beggar
knocked at my door.He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer.In
return for this,the beggar stood on his head and sang songs.I gave
him a meal.He ate the food and drank the beer.Then he put a piece
of cheese in his pocket and went away.Later a neighbor told me
about him.Everybody knows him.His name is Percy Buttons.He calls at
every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal
and a glass of beer.
☆ask sb for sth:问某人要什么东西
for：为了这个目的去请求某人。sb更多的时候并不出现，而直接说ask for sth,因为强调的是东西而不是人。
eg:The boy asks (his parents)for money again/once more.
☆in return:作为回报
He doesn't want anything in return.
in return for sth:作为对……的回报
I'll buy a present for him in return for hospitality.
☆stand on one's head:倒立（头着地）
用手着地：stand on one's hand/hands
跪着：stand on one's knees
躺着：lie on one's back(仰面)/side（侧躺）/stomach（趴着）
☆tell sb about sth
about:关于，通过其它事自己得出结论
tell sb sth:告诉某人某件事（把事情直接告诉）
☆所有的不定代词作主语一律为单数看待。
everybody,somebody,anybody,something,anything,everything
☆英语：in the street
美语：on the street
★难点
有些动词的后面加上介词或副词以后就会改变词义。这种新的组合称作短语动词。
如：put：放 put on:穿
take：拿走 take off:脱下
look at:看；look for:寻找；look after:照顾；look out:当心
knock at:敲
knock off:1)下班 He knockedoff earlier.
2)knock sth off+地点：从……把……撞倒
knock the vase off the table
3)打折 knock 10% off the price
knock over
A car knocked the boy over.
[注]如果有地点：off；无地点：over
knock out:打晕（拳击术语，把人打倒在地）
Lesson 7 Too late
★New words and expressions
☆detective n.侦探
detective story 侦探小说
☆airport n.机场
☆airfield n.飞机起落的场地
port 港口：airport：航空港
at the airport
field 田野：airfield：停机坪
on the airfield
☆expect v.期待，等待（重点词）
区分：except 除……之外
I think so.=I expect so.(口语）
expect sb to do sth:期待某人做某事
expect(vt):expect sth
I expect your letter.=I expect you to write.
wait(vi):wait for sth/sb
wait for:动作上的等待
expect：心理上的等待
☆valuable adj.贵重的（重点）
☆precious adj.珍贵的
precious带有感情色彩，是真心喜欢的
如：precious photo 珍贵的照片
如果不谈感情，valuable和precious是一样的。
sth is valuable/precious
price:价格-&priceless adj.
-less表示否定：没有价格的，无价的
valueless adj.没有价值，不足道的
worth 值：worthless adj.无价值的
☆diamond n.钻石
precious stone 宝石
crystal 水晶
diamond ring 钻戒
☆steal(stole,stolen) v.偷
在中国，认为在不知道的情况下是“偷”，明目张胆的就是“抢”。
而英语不区分。
我们说“我的钱包被偷了”和“我被偷了”是一个字，而在英语里是两个词。
My wallet was stolen.
I was robbed.
steal sth 偷（某物）；rob sb 抢（某人）
跟地点相连也用rob：rob the bank
☆main adj.主要的
main永远不修饰人，我们可以说main building/street/sentence/idea,但不能说main
☆guard n.警戒，守卫
life guard 救生员
body guard 保镖
★Text
The plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport
all morning.They were expecting a valuable parcel of diamonds from
South Africa.A few hours earlier,someone had told the police that
thieves would try to steal the diamonds.When the plane arrived,some
of the detectives were waiting on the airfield.Two men took the
parcel off the plane and caried it into the Custom House.While two
detectives were keeping guard at the door,two others opened the
parcel.To their surprise,the precious parcel was full of stones and
☆someone had told...
过去完成式，过去以前发生的事情
...that thieves would try to...
would+do:过去将来式，间接方式，转述，站在过去看未来
☆when和while都表示当……的时候，考试时一定选when
while能用when代替，但是when却不一定能用while代替
while+从句，动作一定会延续
when+延续性动作/瞬间动词
when he arrived/died
用过去进行时：
在过去的某一点时间，或者是过去某一动作同时发生的另外一个动作。瞬间动词（如arrive）无进行时态。
同时发生的两个动作
1.一个用一般过去时，另一个用过去进行时。
2.分工的情况，均用过去进行时
When I was doing my homework,my mother was cooking.
表面上是分工：两个动作同时开始，表示同时开始同时结束，延续时间不一致，长一点时间的动作用进行时态，短时间的动作用过去时。
When someone knocked at the door,I was having dinner.
☆two others=two other detectives
☆to one's surprise, 让某人惊讶的是
跟人的情绪有关的名词都可以替换
to one's joy/excitement
☆be full of...装满
My bag was full of books.
★Special difficulties
vt+adv+宾语(n)
vt+宾语(n/pron)+adv
vi+prep+宾语(n)
宾语的位置和词性取决于施加动作的动词
介词出现，一定要有宾语，所以v+prep+宾语(n)
副词可以省略，v+宾语(n/pron)+adv或v+adv+宾语(n)
是副词还是介词要看动词是及物动词还是不及物动词
vt-adv vi-prep
而判断是不是及物动词就要看平时的积累了
特殊：1.make up...-&make(vt)up one's mind
语法上可以改为make one's mind up,但习惯上不改
2.ask for...
表面上ask（vt），可改。但要注意是ask (sb) for sth 的省略，所以不能改
Lesson 8 The best and the worst
★New words and expressions
☆competition n.比赛，竞赛
所有的比赛都可以通称为competition
速度比赛：race eg.car race
球赛：match eg.football match
contest用的更多，除了以上的比赛，都可以说contest
选美比赛就是beauty contest
还有game，如果把上面的都忘了，就用这个
☆neat adj.整齐的，整洁的
不等于clean，等于tidy
☆pool n.水池
pool是人工的，游泳池：swimming pool
天然的叫池塘：pond
★本课重点是比较级和最高级
※三个或者三个音节（元音音标）以上的词：多音节词：
比较级的构成：more+原级，最高级的构成：the most+原级
※单音节的词用er，est
※双音节：不一定
一般情况，同单音节
以y结尾的+er，例外：slowly-more slowly-the most slowly
often-more often-the most often
clever-cleverer-cleverest和clever-more clever-the most
clever都对
技巧：长的当多音节，短的当单音节，但仅仅是技巧哦
fun按照语法应该是funner,funnest,可老美偏偏说more fun,the most fun。
如果考语法，中国人全对，美国人错的一塌糊涂，英国人对一半。所以老美是不会拿自己的弱点来考我们的。
good-better-bad-worse-many/much-more-little-less-least
far-farther-far-further-furthest
farther：距离上的更远；further：程度上的
old-older-old-elder-eldest
older是比……大；elder做定语修饰其它名词：elder sister
★Text
Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town.Nearly
everybody enters for 'The Nicest Garden Competition' each year,but
Joe wins every time.Bill Frith's garden is larger than Joe's.Bill
works harder than Joe and grows more flowers and vegetables,but
Joe's garden is more interesting.He has made neat paths and has
built a wooden bridge over a pool.I like gardens too,but I do not
like hard work.Every year I enter for the garden competition
too,and I always win a little prize for the worst garden in the
☆enter for:报名参加，只强调报名
eg.enter for the exam
参加：take part in
☆win-won-won
vi.I win.我赢了。 I lose.我输了。
vt. 1.win sth win后面往往是奖品
eg.I win the book.
2.win a prize:赢了一个奖
win a prize for:因为……而获奖
[注]win后面不能接对手，不能说I win you.
要用defeat或beat，但defeat用得多，因为beat还有打的意思。
I defeat you.
Lesson 9 A cold welcome
★ New words and expressions
☆welcome n.v.欢迎
n.a cold welcome 冷遇
v.welcome to+地点
Welcome to China.Welcome home/back.
adj.You are welcome.1.你是受欢迎的。2.不用谢
You are welcome to+地点
☆crowd n.人群
in the crowd: 在人群里 I spotted him in the crowd.
a crowd of people:没有秩序的人群，拥挤的人群
a group of people:有秩序的人群
a large crowd of people/crowds of people:人山人海
v.crowd 拥挤，挤满
☆gather v.聚集
people gather:人们聚集在一起，尤指自发性的聚集
☆hand n.（表或机器的）指针
minute/second/hour hand:分/秒/时针
Which is the oldest? --second hand
因为second hand还有“二手的，旧的”意思
wait for a moment/wait for a few seconds(secs.)
secs.是seconds的缩写，在美国电影里经常能遇到
☆shout v.喊叫
=call out 大声喊叫；cry out:大声哭喊；scream:尖叫
★Text
On Wednesday evening,we went to Town Hall.It was the last day of
the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town
Hall clock.It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time.Fifteen
minutes passed and then,at five to twelve,the clock stopped.The big
minute hand did not move.We waited and waited,but nothing
happened.Suddenly someone shouted,"It's two minutes past twelve.The
clock has stopped!"I looked at my watch.It was true.The big clock
refused to welcome the New Year.At that moment,everybody began to
laugh and sing.
☆a cold welcome:冷遇
cold:寒冷的；冷淡的
cold fish:冷漠的人
英语中有许多以动物代替人的词，如：lucky dog 幸运的人
☆Town Hall:市政厅
☆strike
strike the clock
Listen,the clock is striking.
strike twelve 数字表示敲击的次数
敲门用knock，敲钟用strike
hit和strike在一定时候可以互换，都是一次性打，strike:hit hard
beat：连续不断的打 beat drums:敲鼓
☆in twenty minutes' time 20分钟之后
根据时态判别in表示的含义：如果是将来式，in+段时间表示一段时间以后
minutes' 名词所有格
1.有生命的东西：my mother's;kit's;Tom's
2.可以用来表达时间：an hour's time
3.表示距离（在指路时常用）
-How far is the school from here?
-3 minutes' walk.
☆分钟的介词：past：过了；to：没到
...minutes past...前半小时
...minutes to...后半小时
☆The clock has stopped!
现在完成时，强调过去动作导致的结果。
看一般过去式，只要按字面意思理解即可。
看过去完成式，要读出潜在的意思。
☆at that moment=just then 就在那时
at the moment=now 现在，此刻
☆文章重点：
1. ...minutes passed and then,sth happened.
2.What happened? Nothing happened.
3.It was true.
★Key structures
at/in/on/others 用when提问
具体的某一天：on Friday/Dec 15th
morning,afternoon,evening前有修饰词：on Wednesday evening
in the morning/afternoon,evening
in January/Feb...
in summer/spring/autumn/winter
at ten o'clock
用的最多的是in，考的最多的是on
until 直到……时候
I can't entre for the sports meeting until tomorrow.
from...to...
Everyday we have English class from 8:30 to 11:30.
during 在……期间
in the holiday强调这段时间其中某一点时间，并不表示自始至终
during the holiday 强调假期的从头到尾
Lesson 10 Not for Jazz
★New words and expressions
☆musical adj.音乐的
music student:the student who learned music
musical student:有音乐天赋的
☆instrument n.乐器
instrument=musical instrument
☆key n.琴键
2.钥匙：key to the door
3.答案:Do you know the kdy to the question?
4.关键:key structure
☆shock v.使不悦或生气,震惊
[复习]跟人的情绪有关的动词的宾语往往是"人"：It shocked me.
凡是能够用"人"做宾语,又是表示人的情绪活动的动词,有两个形容词形式:1.令人……；2.感到……
It is shocking.I'm shocked.
n.get a shock
sb get a shock:某人很吃惊
shock/surprise
共同点：都是吃惊，没想到
不同点：任何一件事没想到都是surprise,好事坏事都可。而shock一定是让人不高兴的。
☆allow v.允许，让
allow doing :Smoking is allowed
allow sb to do sth :You are allowed to smoke.
allow喜欢用被动语态：sb be allowed to do sth
★Text
We have an old musical instrument.It is called a clavichord.It
was made in Germany in1691.Our clavichord is kept in the living
room.It has belonged to our family for a long time.The instrument
was bought by my grandfather many years ago.Recently it was damaged
by a visitor.She tried to play jazz on it!She struck the keys too
hard and tow of the strings were broken.My father was shocked.Now
we are not allowed to touch it.It is being repaired by a friend of
my father's.
☆be made
be made in+地点
be made of/be made from+材料：由……制造
be made of:能看出原料 eg:The ring is made of gold.
be made from:看不出原料/多种原料
eg:It is made from plastic.
be made into+成品：被制成 eg:The gold is made into a ring.
平时见的最多是in，填空考的最多的是of/from,阅读理解最多的是into
☆play
1.跟球类连用，直接+球类：play football
2.跟乐器连用，+the+乐器：play the piano
在乐器上：play music on+乐器
☆双重所有格/双重属格：
名词+of+名词所有格/名词性的物主代词
只有一张照片：my photo
很多照片中的一张：a photo of mine/one of my photos
强调很多个当中的一个或几个，选用双重属格结构。
★New words and expressions
☆turn n.行为，举止
“行为，举止”常用behavior
Pay attention to your behavior.
turn:对人有影响力的行为，很少用。
☆deserve v.应得到，值得（重点）
He deserves praise.
You deserve the best.
deserve+n:He deserved a promotion.
deserve to do:She deserved to be punished.
Good work deserves good pay.
☆lawyer n.律师
lawyer's office:律师事务所
☆salary n.工资
pay：工资（salary+wage)
collect:收集，领取 collect salary/wage:领工资
salary:工资（月薪，年薪）——有固定工作或管理阶层
wage:工资（按小时，周算的）——不稳定的工作
bonus：奖金，红利
☆immediately adv.立刻
right now:现在
at once=right away=immediately:立刻，马上
★Text
One good turn deserves another:礼尚往来 善有善报（更好）
I was having dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came
in.Tony worked in a lawyer's office years ago,but he is now working
at a bank.He gets a good salary,but he always borrows money from
his friends and never pays it back.Tony saw me and came and sat at
the same table.He has never borrowed money from me.While he was
eating,I asked him to lend me twenty pounds.To my surprise,he gave
me the money immeiately.'I have never borrowed any money from
you,'Tony said,'so now you can pay for my dinner!'
☆He gets a good salary.
get a good salary:薪水不错
The teacher in the new oriental school can get a good
☆pay back=repay:还钱
☆at table:吃饭
at the table: 坐在桌子旁边
☆pay for(为……而付钱）有点类似于ask for（要……）
pay (money) for...;ask (sb) for...
I have paid for you a dinner.
I have paid 20 dollars for the book.(强调钱）
It's my treat.我请客。
Let's go duthch.AA制
不想请：This time is your treat,next time my turn.
★Key structures
a.What is happening now?——现在进行
现在正在发生；现阶段
b.What always happens?——一般时态
（现在，过去，将来）习惯，反复
c.What happened?——过去时态
在过去的时间里发生的事情，不强调对现在的影响和跟其他时间比较，叫一般过去式。
过去的过去——过去完成时
有过去发生的动作，但是还强调对现在的影响——现在完成时
有(yesterday,last night),以前的事情，没有强调对现在的影响——一般过去时
d.What has happened——现在完成时态
过去的行为对现在产生影响或者过去的行为一直延续到现在——一般完成时
e.What was happening?——过去进行时态
过去某一特定时间发生的动作——过去进行时
★难点
... sb to do sth
ask,want,tell,order,expect,wish,allow,advise,would
like,teach,prefer
一定不能说hope sb to do
正确用法：hope that...
★New words and expressions
☆luck n.运气，幸运
good luck:祝你好运（常用口语形式）
bless you:别人打喷嚏时说 (god)bless you
break your leg:俚语=good luck
adj.luck:幸运的 luck dog:幸运儿
反义：unlucky
adv.luckily Luckily,sth...
☆harbour n.港口
☆proud adj.自豪的
be proud of:以……为自豪
Parents are proud of their children.
n.pride take pride in:以……为自豪
proud adj.自豪的；自满的，自大的
★Text
Goodbye and good luck
Our neighbour Captain Charles Alison,will sail from Portsmouth
tomorrow.We'll meet him at the harbour early in the morning.He will
be in his small boat,Topsail.Topsail is a famous little boat.It has
sailed across the Atlantic many times.Captain Alison will set out
at eight o'clock,so we'll have plenty of time.We'll see his boat
and then we'll say goodbye to him.He will be away for two months.We
are very proud of him.He will take part in an important race across
the Atlantic.
☆early in the morning:一大早
late in the afternoon:傍晚时分
☆meet sb+地点
在口语里是“某地接某人”：I'll meet you at the station.
本课中是“见”的意思
送：see sb off
☆a famous little boat
要避免用词重复
small表示形体上的小
little往往倾注了一定的感情，“可爱”
☆sail across the Atlantic 横渡大西洋
跟水面相关的用across：across the river过河
过桥：over
☆set off:出发
begin a journey/trip
☆plenty of=enough 充足的
a lot of:指客观上的多
☆say goodbye to sb 告别某人
say hello to:I said hello to him this morning.
say sorry to:You must say sorry to him.
☆take part in参加；enter for:报名参加
I have entered for the meeting,but now I don't want to take part
in the meeting.
☆be+副词：固定短语
be in:在家；be out:不在家；be away:离开；be on:上映；be back:回来；be up to
sth:胜任某件事情;be over:结束
☆be in the race:take part in the race 参加比赛
at the race:在比赛场地观看比赛
★New words and expressions
☆group n.小组，团体
group指合唱团
band:n.乐队
☆pop singer:流行歌手
pop:popular adj.受欢迎的
pop song(music)：流行音乐
☆club n.俱乐部
night club:夜总会
☆performance n.演出
-mance:名词标志
perform v.演出
☆occasion n.场合
中文：在某种条件下，某种环境中
英文：occasion=time,时候
this occasion:on the/this occasion
occasionally=sometimes adv.有时候，偶尔
★Text
The Greenwood boys
The Greenwood Boys are a group of pop singers.At present,they
are visiting all parts of the country.They will be arriving here
tomorrow.They will be coming by train and most of the young people
in the town will be meeting them at the station.Tomorrow evening
they will be singing at the Worker's Club.The Greenwood Boys will
be staying for five days.During this time,they will give five
performances.As usual,the police will have a difficult time.They
will be trying to keep order.It is always the same on these
occasions.
☆visit v.拜访，参观；（歌手）巡演
visit+地点，表示去某地
若带有职业相关目的，就是去做相关的事
The headmasters of the New Oriental school visited lanzhou.
本课学到3个“演出”：
1.2.3.give five performances
☆most of...大多数的
most of the...=most...
most of the young people/most young people
☆tomorrow evening:明天晚上
yesterday evening:昨天晚上； this evening:今天晚上
morning,afternoon的用法同evening
last night:昨天夜间；tonight:今天夜间；
tomorrow night:明天夜间；next night:第二天夜间
☆The police will have a difficult time..
have a good time:玩得开心
have a hard time:生活得艰辛
have a difficult time:日子不像平时那样惬意
★Key structures
将来进行时
用一般将来时和将来进行时所表述的含义是一致的。
一般将来时：shall/will+动词原形
1.表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态
2.将来时的其他结构
1.shall/will+动词原形
2.be going to do sth:打算做某事 be gonna(美语）
3.be+to do sth:表示计划安排做某事或用来征求意见
4.be about to do sth:即将做某事
5.will be doing:表示将要做某事
6.be doing:（瞬间动词）表示将来时态
7.一般现在时表示将要发生
一般的情况可以互换，遇上没有办法打算和计划安排的，只能用will be
★Special difficulties
ten pounds' worth of minced meat
There was a hundred pounds' worth of damage.
★New words and expressions
☆amusing adj.好笑的，有趣的
amused:感到好笑的
interesting:一般有意思
funny:好笑的，可以指贬义；开心的，令人开心的（不一定笑）
interesting/funny story
amusing:倾向于让某人笑出声
☆experience n.经历
经历—可数名词 +s(a/an)
经验—不可数名词，原形
experienced:有经验的
☆wave v.招手
wave to sb:向某人招手
☆lift n.搭便车
take a bus/taxi/lift
take a lift:搭便车
give sb a lift:让某人搭便车
thumb lift:拇指便车
☆reply v.回答
vi.answer=reply
vt.answer sth/reply to sth
回信：answer the letter/reply to the letter
☆language n.语言
母语：native language（书面），mother tongue（口语）
☆journey n.旅行
trip:短距离旅行或出差
出差：go on business/go on a trip
travel:周游（长途）
tour:为了玩； tourist:游客
journey:所有的旅行
voyage:旅行（海上）；flight:空中飞行；journey:偏重于陆地旅行
★Text
Do you speak English
I had an amusing experience last year.After I had left a small
village in the south of France,I drove on to the next town.On the
way,a young man waved to me.I stopped and he asked me for a lift.As
soon as he had got into the car,I said good morning to him in
French and he replied in the same language.Apart from a few words,I
do not know any French at all.Neither of us spoke during the
journey.I had nearly reached the town,when the young man suddenly
said,very slowly,'Do you speak English?'As I soon learnt,he was
English himself!
☆after:从句的标志，后面的叫时间状语从句，主句的动作发生在从句之后。
如果两个都是过去时，同时发生，会用进行时态；
如果一先一后发生，发生在前的动作为过去完成时态。
☆as soon as:一……就……
后面一定要加一个句子（时间状语从句），一后面的先发生
强调两个动作几乎是连在一起的
☆用某种语言：in+某种语言
☆apart from:除了……之外
apart from=except for,习惯上放在句首
except for可以不放在句首，强调整体当中某 一方面除外，剩下的整体都不错。
apart from有两层含义：except,besides
except和besides可放在句子中间，besides指在整体上加上，except要从整体减掉
☆either of sb:……中的任何一个
neither of sb:……中的任何一个都不
either,neither都是指两个当中的任何一个
如果不只两个人，就是none of
none,neither一旦出现，这句话就不会再有not
☆as I learnt
learn:知道，得知；know:知道
As+主语+动词+逗号+句子（as:正如）
eg:As we know,the New Concept English is very good.
★Key structures
过去完成时
过去的过去或两个动作都在过去，一个动作在前，一个在后，发生在前的动作为过去完成时。
过去完成时一定要以一个过去时态做铺垫，这个动作一定要发生在had done之后。
[特殊]until:主句和从句两个都用一般过去时对，任何一个用过去完成时也对。
★New words and expressions
☆secretary n.秘书
secret n.秘密
☆nervous adj.精神紧张的
nervous:事情正在发生
worried:为以后的事情担心
upset:不安的，事情发生以后
☆afford v.负担得起
afford sth:I can afford the book.
afford money/time:I can afford five yuan.
afford to do sth:I can afford to buy the book.
注意：一定要加情态动词can
☆interrupt v.插话，打断
n.interruption
disturb sb:打扰某人
interrupt sb:打断某人的话
★Text
The secretary told me Mr Harmsworth would see me.I felt very
nervous when I went into his office.He did not look up from his
desk when I entered.After I had sat down,he said that business was
very bad.He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such
large salaries.Twenty people had already left.I knew that my turn
'Mr Harmsworth.'I said in a weak voice.
'Don't interrupt.'he said.
Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra thousand
pounds a year!
☆look up:朝上看
look down:朝下看
look down upon/on sb:瞧不起某人（词义太重）
☆The firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.（重点）
pay salaries:支付薪水；collect salary:领薪水
如此：so,such
so的后面加形容词或副词
such的后面加名词，允许在该名词前加修饰词
☆My turn has come.（书面语）
It's my turn.（口语）
☆in a ... voice
in a loud/low/weak/strong voice
low:音量低；weak:心里不塌实
☆extra,other,more,another
最灵活的是more
more可以放数词和名词之间，甚至可以放在整个名词的后面
extra和other一定放在数词和名词之间，another一定放在数词前面
记住几个短语：another three
★Key structures
陈述句的间接引语（宾语从句）
一.主从一致：主句和从句的时态一致
主句的动词为一般现在时，从句为任意时态
主句的动词为一般过去时，从句为相对应的过去时态
一般现在时——一般过去时
现在进行时——过去进行时
现在完成时——过去完成时
将来完成时——过去将来完成时
一般过去时——过去完成时
二.人称变化
主要是第一和第二人称变化，“设身处地”
三.只要属于宾语从句，引导词that可以省略
★New words and expressions
☆park v.停放（汽车）
stop the car 车在运动中停下来
parking area 停车场
☆traffic n.交通
traffic police 交通警
traffic lights 交通灯
(in) traffic jam 交通堵塞
(in) heave traffic 交通拥挤
☆not n.便条；纸钞
message 消息
make notes 做笔记
☆area n.地段；场地（一块地方）
place 地点
region 地区（交战、开火）
☆reminder n.提示（可以致人、也可指物）
v.指示；提醒
reminder sb of sth
reminder sb to do sth
★fail v.无视；忘记
fail+宾语 失败做某事
fail in doing sth 在某些方面失败
fail to do 没有能够做某事 He fail to swim across the river.
not fail to do sth 一定能做某事
I can not fail to pass it. 我一定会通过的。
You can not fail to obey it. 你一定会遵守。
★Text
If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman
soon find it. You will be very lucky if he lets you go without
ticket. However, this does not always happen. Traffic police
sometimes very polite. During a holiday in Sweden, I found
not on my car:‘sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a
parking” area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay
to out street signs. This note is only a reminder.’If you
request like this you cannot fail to obey it!
☆in the wrong place
wrong 不合适的
right 合适的 He is the wrong / right person who you are looking for
☆however 然而
however 放在句首或句中都可以，经常用逗号隔开（转折性语气较弱）
but 习惯放在两个句子之间（转折性语气较强）
★Key structures
☆条件句
真实条件句：假设很有可能发生
真实条件句中从句往往为现在时，主句中会用一般将来时用
eg : If he is sleeping, don’t wake him up.
☆If 引导的叫条件，without 后面引导的也叫条件
Without + n. 如果没有 起了条件的作用
Without water, fish can’t live.
★Special difficulties
☆Police 一定会作复数看待
☆P look after
Pay attention to / notice 在思想上注意
Care 关心；在意
eg : I don’t care / Who care. 我不在乎。
take care of / look after 照顾，照料
☆ remember
remind 提醒；提示
remind sb of sth
remind sb to do sth
remember 记住，记得
remember to do sth 记得去做某事
remenber doing sth 记得已经做了某事
▲park:no parking area:禁止停车（标志）
▲traffic lights=crossing/turning:十字路口（听力中常考）
▲note拼写错了：）
▲however在写作中常用
▲sometimes：有几次，有时，偶尔。（有人会把它理解为经常，其实不是，它的频率并不高）
▲sir 直接称呼的时候不和姓相连，mister的后面一定要加姓。
表示尊称；可以不知道对方姓什么，只要知道对方是男性就可以，女性是madam
▲You will enjoy your stay here.(要求背过）
Enjoy your stay here.=Have a good time.
▲可以直接接人的动词：
shock,surprise,amuse,please,worry
共同特征：和人的感觉相连
be worried about:为……担心
My house worries me.我的房子让我担心。
★new words and expressions
☆park v.停放（汽车）
stop the car 车在运动中停下来
parking area 停车场 no parking :禁止停车（标志）
☆ traffic n.交通
traffic police 交通警
traffic lights 交通灯
traffic lights=crossing/turning:十字路口（听力中常考）
(in) traffic jam 交通堵塞
(in) heave traffic 交通拥挤
☆note n.便条；纸钞
message 消息
make notes 做笔记
☆area n.地段；场地（一块地方）
place 地点
region 地区（交战、开火）
☆reminder n.提示（可以致人、也可指物）
v.指示；提醒
reminder sb of sth
reminder sb to do sth
★fail v.无视；忘记
fail+宾语 失败做某事
fail in doing sth 在某些方面失败
fail to do 没有能够做某事 he fail to swim across the river.
not fail to do sth 一定能做某事
i can not fail to pass it. 我一定会通过的。
you can not fail to obey it. 你一定会遵守。
★text
if you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman
soon find it. you will be very lucky if he lets you go without
ticket. however, this does not always happen. traffic police
sometimes very polite. during a holiday in sweden, i found
not on my car:‘sir, we welcome you to our city. this is a
parking” area. you will enjoy your stay here if you pay
to out street signs. this note is only a reminder.’if you
request like this you cannot fail to obey it!
☆in the wrong place
wrong 不合适的
right 合适的 he is the wrong / right person who you are looking for
☆ however 然而,在写作中常用
however 放在句首或句中都可以，经常用逗号隔开（转折性语气较弱）
but 习惯放在两个句子之间（转折性语气较强）
☆ You will enjoy your stay here.(要求背过)
Enjoy your stay here.=Have a good time.
★key structures
☆条件句
真实条件句：假设很有可能发生
真实条件句中从句往往为现在时，主句中会用一般将来时用
eg : if he is sleeping, don’t wake him up.
☆if 引导的叫条件，without 后面引导的也叫条件
without + n. 如果没有 起了条件的作用
without water, fish can’t live.
★special difficulties
☆police 一定会作复数看待
☆ look after
pay attention to 在思想上注意 notice =see(眼睛看)
care 关心；在意
eg : i don’t care / who care. 我不在乎。
take care of / look after 照顾，照料
☆ remember
remind 提醒；提示
remind sb of sth
remind sb to do sth
remember 记住，记得
remember to do sth 记得去做某事
remenber doing sth 记得已经做了某事
送行Good bye!
Have you enjoy your stay here?
Remember me to your family.
可以直接接人的动词：
shock,surprise,amuse,please,worry
共同特征：和人的感觉相连
be worried about:为……担心
My house worries me.我的房子让我担心。
★New words and expressions
☆appear v.登场，扮演
appear:1.显示，露面；反义：disappear（都是vi）
appear on the stage as:扮演……角色
as:I work as a teacher.比I am a teacher.更好
appear:2.显得（系动词）
☆stage n.舞台
on the stage:在舞台上
in the stage:在某一阶段
☆bright adj.鲜艳的
bright red:鲜红色；bright yellow:明黄色；bright blue:宝蓝色
★Text
Always young
My aunt Jennifer is an actress.She must be at least thirty-five
years old.In spite of this,she often appears on the stage as a
young girl.Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon.This
time,she will be a girl of seventeen.In the play,she must appear in
a bright red dress and long black stockings.Last year,in another
playshe had to wear short sock and a bright,orange-coloured
dress.If anyone ever asks her how old she is,she always
answers,'Darling,it must be terrible to be grown up!'
☆以-or，-er结尾的是男性，以-ess结尾的是女性（不是全部）
actor:男演员；actress：女演员
waitor：男服务员；waitress：女服务员
prince：王子；princess：公主
lion：公狮子；lioness：母狮子
teacher男女通用
doctor：男医生；woman doctor:女医生
☆in spite of:尽管
in spite of this:尽管如此
☆take part in,join,attend（参加）的区别：
join: join sb/sth 参加了某一种团体
join the army:参军
join the party:入党
join us:（口语）加入我们中来
take part in:参加某一种活动
take part in the race:参加比赛
take part in a play
take part in the party
参加会议，出席会议
attend the party:出席宴会
attend class:上课
☆in（介词）+颜色、衣服：穿着……衣服
用介词短语取代动词，避免了一句话中出现两个动词的尴尬
☆ever=at any time:任何时候（时间副词）
☆grow up:（人）成长
grown up:（形容词短语）成年人
★Key structures
must的用法；
1.=have to 不得不，必须
2.（对现在的）推测
have to可以被have got to取代
在过去时的句子中，要用have to来表示“必须”
must只有两种时态：现在时，将来时
have to可以有任意时态
have to作为实义动词，否定式为：don't have to,will not have to,didn't have
对现在的推测：对过去的推测：must have done
★Special difficulties
1.介词，“作为” As a young girl...
2.代词，“正如” As I learned,...
3.连词，=because As I am busy...
4.连词，=when，“当……时” As I was leaving the house,...
5.方式状语从句的引导词 Do as you are told.
6.“作为……工作” I work as...
☆dress,suit,costume
dress:裙子，晚礼服，连衣裙（女式）
suit：套装（男式）
costume：演出服，民族服装，某一年代的服装
★New words and expressions
☆appear
1: v.登场，演出
apear as 扮演....角色
He appeared as prince.
2: v.显示，露面
(反) disappear (都是不及物动词)
The plan appeared / disappeared.
3: (系动词) 显得
He appears nervous.
☆stage n.舞台
on the stage:在舞台上
in the stage:在某一阶段（时期）
☆bright adj.鲜艳的
bright red:鲜红色；bright yellow:明黄色；bright blue:宝蓝色
★Text
Always young
My aunt Jennifer is an actress.She must be at least thirty-five
years old.In spite of this,she often appears on the stage as a
young girl.Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon.This
time,she will be a girl of seventeen.In the play,she must appear in
a bright red dress and long black stockings.Last year,in another
playshe had to wear short sock and a bright,orange-coloured
dress.If anyone ever asks her how old she is,she always
answers,'Darling,it must be terrible to be grown up!'
☆以-or，-er结尾的多指男性，以-ress结尾的多指女性（不是全部）
actor 男演员 actress 女演员
waitor 男服务员 waitress 女服务员
prince 王子 princess 公主
lion 公狮子 lioness 母狮子
teacher 男女通用
doctor 男医生 woman doctor 女医生
☆least---little 的最高级
at least 至少，最少
at most 最多
☆in spite of 尽管
in spite of this 尽管如此
☆take part in；join；attend（参加）的区别
join join sb/sth 参加了某一团体
join the army 参军
join the party 入党
join us （口语）加入我们中来
take part in 参加某一种活动
take part in the race 参加比赛
take part in a play
take part in the party
attend 出席
attend meeting 参加会议，出席会议
attend the party 出席宴会
attend class 上课
☆this time 这一次
☆in（介词）+颜色、衣服：穿着……衣服
用介词短语取代动词，避免了一句话中出现两个动词
The boy in green.
☆ever=at any time:任何时候（时间副词）
☆grow up （人）成长
grown up （形容词短语）成年人
★Key structures
☆must 的用法
1. = have to 不得不，必须
have to 的区别
have to 可以有任意时态
must 只有两种时态：现在时，将来时；在过去时的句子中，要用have to来表示“必须”
have to 可以被have got to取代
have to 作为实义动词，否定式为 don't have to；will not have to；didn't have
2.（对现在的）推测
对现在的推测 must do
对过去的推测 must have done
★Special difficulties
1.介词 “作为” As a young girl...
2.代词 “正如” As I learned,...
3.连词 =because “由于” As I am busy...
4.连词 =when “当……时” As I was leaving the house,...
5.方式状语从句的引导词 Do as you are told. 叫你怎么做你就怎么做。
6.“作为……工作” I work as ...
☆dress,suit,costume
dress:裙子，晚礼服，连衣裙（女式）
suit：套装（男式）
costume：演出服，民族服装，某一年代所穿的服装
☆fancy-dress party 化装舞会
Lesson 18(skip)
have的用法
1.have a pen 有
have a headache 患病
have做“有，患病”概念时，可作为实意动词，也可作为非实意动词
2.如果一个词是以完成时态出现的，其中的have只能作为非实意动词
3.除1，2以外的have只能作为实意动词
下面三种情况，have可以被have got取代
1.I have a pen.=I have got a pen. “有”
2.I have a headache.=I have got a headache. “得病”
3.have to=have got to
（不是我偷懒，是老师只讲了这么些）
★New words and expressions
☆hurry v.匆忙
n.in a hurry
if you are not in a hurry(时间上）
if you are not busy(行为上）
in no hurry:不匆忙
v.Hurry up.快点
hurry可以取代go,come等
go to:去；hurry to:匆匆忙忙地去
come in--hurry in；go out--
☆ticket office 售票处
☆pity n.令人遗憾的事
What a pity!真遗憾
It is a pity to be a grown up.(it做形式主语）
感到遗憾：sorry（adj）
I am sorry to hear that.
☆exclaim v.大声说
shout,cry,call out:大声喊
☆return v.退回
return to:回来
return money:还钱=pay back,repay
☆sadly adv.悲哀地，丧气地
最通用，不管什么样的“悲哀”都可用
★Text
'The play may begin at any moment,'I said.'It may have begun
already,'Susan answered.I hurried to the ticket office.'May I have
two tickets please?'I asked.'I'm sorry,we've sold out,'the girl
said.'What a pity!'Susan exclaimed.Just then,a man hurried to the
ticket office.'Can I return these two tickets?'he
asked.'Certainly,'the girl said.I went back to the ticket office at
once.'Could I have those two tickets please?'I
asked.'Certainly,'the girl said,'but they're for next Wednesday's
performance.Do you still want them?''I might as well have them.'I
said sadly.
☆at any moment:在任何时候，随时
at the moment=now
at that moment=just then:就在那时
☆have是最活跃的词，可以指任何的意思
have coffee:喝咖啡
have a ticket:买票（习惯用法）
I'll have/taken sth.我买……
☆sell out:卖完
☆for next Wednesday's performance
用名词所有格取代时间。“……时间的”
ticket for+事情
May I have a ticket for the sports meeting?
ticket to+地点
May I have a ticket to Tianjin?
☆still:还，可以和任意时态连用
☆might(may) as well+动词原形：“还是……好”（无可奈何）
had better+动词原形:“最好” （积极心态）
eg:天看上去要下雨了：I had better take an umbrella.
已经下了，非带不可：I might as well take the umbrella with me.
[注]只是针对现在、未来。不用于过去时，过去时的是虚拟语气
★Key structures
对什么时候的推测不在于must,may,can't是什么时态，而在于后面加的是原形还是have done
must,may,can't+动词原形：对现在、未来的推测
must,may,can't+have done:对过去的推测
must:一定，很可能；may：有可能；can't：不可能
may的用法：
1.推测“可能”：might比may语气弱
must&may&might&can't
2.可以：might比may委婉
May (Might) I...? 我可以……吗？（只能和第一人称连用）
Can(May) I...?
Can you...?
Could I...?(更委婉的说法)
★New words and expressions
☆catch(caught,caught) v.抓到
catch fish：抓鱼；catch thief:抓小偷
记住几个短语：
catch a cold:感冒；catch a bus:赶上车；catch one's breath:屏住呼吸；catch
sight of=catch fire:着火；catch one's eyes:吸引某人注意力
☆fisherman n.钓鱼人，渔民
[注]不要忘了er哦
☆boot n.靴子
a pair of boots
☆waste n.浪费
v.You are wasting time.
n.a waste of
It is a waste of time/money/food.
☆realize v.意识到
eg:I realized that I was wrong.
实现：realize one's dream
★Text
One man in a boat
Fishing is my favourite sport.I often fish for hours without
catching anything.But this does not worry me.Some fisherman are
unlucky.Instead of catching fish,they catch old boots and rubbish.I
am even less lucky.I never catch anything-not even old boots.After
having spent whole morning on the river,I always go home with an
empty bay.'You must give up fishing!'my friends say.'It's a waste
of time.'But they don't realize one important thing.I'm not really
interested in fishing.I am only interested in sitting in a boat and
doing nothing at all!
●本课的重点是-ing形式
☆fish n.鱼：一般情况下作为不可数名词用
eg:I have bought some fish.
在表示种类时为可数名词
eg:There are a lot of fishes in the sea.
v.钓鱼--&n.fishing
主语通常由名词和代词充当。动词+ing就变成名词词性
如:eat-&read-&reading
☆...without catching anything.
without(prep),介词后面一定要加宾语
同样，动词+ing变为名词做宾语
without doing作为状语而出现，表示结果状语
eg:He went out without saying any words.
Without asking for money,the boy went to school.
without后面的动作由主语来做
☆instead of后面的词一定是没有做的，可以放在主句后面
与without比较：
without强调没有做某事
instead of强调这件事没做成而做成了另外一件事（有“代替”的含义）
翻译成：我原准备做……但是后来做了……
eg:I go to school instead of staying at home.
I bought books instead of buying dresses.
☆v.worry sb:宾语为主语而感到担心
adj.be worried about:主语为宾语而感到担心
☆less+原级
A is less...than B.“不如”
☆after
after+从句（连词）从句的主语必须是主句的主语才能换成下面一种形式
after+名词/动词ing形式
eg:After I go to school,I learned a lot of knowledge.
=After going to school,I learned a lot of knowledge.(主语都是I)
☆give up doing=stop doing:放弃做某事
give up smoking:戒烟
☆be keen on,be fond of,be interested in,enjoy+doing:喜欢
☆be up to,be capable of:胜任
★New words and expressions
☆mad adj.发疯
be mad/crazy about:为……而疯狂
go+adj:变得
go mad/crazy/insane/bananas
☆reason n.原因
for this reason:由于这个原因
☆sum n.量
大量：a great many/a great number of+可数名词复数
plenty of（注意：前面没有a）足够的
a sum of:一笔
a large sum of:大量的，喜欢跟钱连用
a large sum of money
an amount of+不可数名词：一笔
a large amount of:许多
☆determined adj.坚定的，下决心的
下定决心：
v.determine to do
decide to do
n.make a decision to do
be determined to do
make up one's mind to do
★Text
Mad or not?
Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad.I live near an airport and
passing planes can be heard night and day.The airport was built
years ago,but for some reason it could not be used then.Last
year,however,it came into use.Over a hundred people must have been
driven away from their homes by the noise.I am one of the few
people left.Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a
passing plane.I have been offered a large sum of money to go
away,but I am determined to stay here.Everybody says I must be mad
and they are probably right.
☆or not:在疑问句的后面表示是还是不是，选择概念
mad or not=mad or not mad
☆drive sb mad:逼某人发疯
☆night and day:日日夜夜
☆passing plane:过往飞机
passing作定语，正在路过的
eg:sleeping baby:正在睡觉的小孩
waiting car:正在等待的车
☆for some reason:由于某种原因
some+可数名词单数：某一 some book
some+可数名词复数：一些 some books
some+不可数名词：一些 some water
☆come into use:投入使用
use n.s发/s/的音
主动概念，没有被动式
☆Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their
homes by the noise.
这句好好分析一下
home:家，强调有感情；house仅仅指房子
☆left:leave的过去分词，表示被留下来的
left作定语放在被修饰词的后面：剩下的
☆offer=give:提供
give sb sth/give sth to sb 双宾语
双宾语的被动语态，主语有两种可能：以sb作主语或以sth作主语
give sb sth--&sb be given sth
give sth to sb--&sth be given to sb
用离动词最近的宾语作主语
1 dream n. have a dream/dream a dream 做梦
Have a good/sweat dream (口语）祝你好梦
v. She is daydreaming. 白日梦；思想开小差
dream of doing sth. 梦想
think of 考虑
eg. I dreamed of flying in the sky.
I dreamed of being a teacher.
dream on! （口语）别做梦了！
dream boat 梦中情人；梦寐以求的（东西）
2 throw away 扔掉
1 of one's own age 和...同年龄的
2 I have a bag with books in it. with放在名词后面做定语。
3 each other 相互（两者之间）
one another相互（三者及以上之间）
4 cost表示花费，主语一定是物：sth. cost sb.
5 more既可做形容词也可做代词
6 a litte 修饰比较级 “稍微”
eg. It's a little hotter.
It's much hotter.
It's expensive.--&That is more expensive.--&That is little
(much) more expensive.
1 complete v. complete bullding
complete /finish homework
complete /finish doing sth.
adj. 完全的 完整的
2 modern---&modernization 现代化
3 stragne 奇怪的 陌生的
stranger 陌生人
I am stranger here. (口语，别人问路，你也不知道时回答）
be strange to sth. 对...不习惯
get a surprise 感到惊喜 吃了一惊
to one's surprise 令某人吃惊
get a shock 感到震惊
1 It is a pity that... 遗憾的是...
3 There be sb. doing +地点 某地有某人做某事（托福常考）
4 表示天气 后面是动词或形容词用 it,例：
It is cold.
It will rain.
如果后面是名词，用There be 句型：
There was a rain in Beijing.=It ranis in Beijing.
New words and expressions
☆manager n.经理
☆upset a.不安 （一件事情发生过之后）
nervous （正在做一件事）感到不安
☆sympathetic a.表示同情的
☆complain v.报怨
complain of / about to sb 向某人抱怨
☆wicked a.很坏的，邪恶的 =evil
☆contain v.包含，内装(在容器里装)
container 集装箱，容器
include 装有,内涵，包含
☆honesty n.诚实
honest adj.
honestly adv.
☆名词可以修饰名词
the hotel manager
elephone number
the village fair 村庄的集市
☆feel+(adj.)感到
☆not any = no
sorry, I could do nothing for you. 我无能为力。
☆用进行时态取代一般现在时，表示不满
Everyone's losing money these days.
☆start to do /start doing 开始
☆outside prep. & adv.
I find this outside this gentleman's room.
out of 从...到外面去，一定要和有实在意义的动词连用，get/go/come out of
out adv.在...外面(不能跟名词)
☆lose / miss / go away / disappear
lose 丢失，人丢失sth lose sth./sth. be lost
miss 怀念，错过，丢失（missing adj.） sth.is missing
MY keys are lost/missing.
I lose my book./My book lost(is missing).
只能用missing,人丢了，MY child id misssing.
失踪的孩子 missing boy
go 走 sth. is gone
be gone 不见了 Gone with wind 飘（随风而逝），
My book is gone.
go away 离开（人走），something is gone.
disappear 不见了（瞬间）没有被动语态
sth./sb. disappear/disappeared
be disappearing 慢慢地不见了
His money disappeared.
☆New words and expressions
☆railway n.铁路
railroad 铁路（美）
railway /railroad station 火车站
☆several 几个
some 一些，即可以修饰可数，又可以修饰不可数
several 只能修饰可数 = a number of(一些)
a great number of 大量的
some time / sometime /sometimes
some time 一段时间 some time age
sometime 某时 I will defeat you sometime.
sometimes 有时，偶尔
some times(不存在这种说法)
several times 许多次
☆wonder v.感到奇怪
v.1: 感到奇怪
wonder at sth. 对...事情感到奇怪
I wonder at this.
2.想知道 =want to know
I wonder +if / 特}