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历史上的今天
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blogAbstract:'&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 六招搞定宾语从句
　　一、掌握宾语从句的概念
　　宾语从句即指在主从复合句中用作宾语的从句。如：
　　我希望你假期过得愉快。
　　我们问他要哪一个。
　　他开始考虑应当怎样做。
　　二、注意宾语从句的时态
　　若主句为一般现在时，宾语从句的时态可根据情况使用任意时态；但若主句为一般过去时，则宾语从句
必须要用过去的某种时态与主句呼应。比较：
　　他说他很忙。He says that he is very busy.
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{list wl as x}{/list}高考英语第二轮语法专题复习一.冠词The Article知识要点: 冠词是一种虚词.放在名词的前面.帮助说明名词的含义.冠词分不定冠词(The Indefinite Article)和定冠词(——精英家教网——
暑假天气热？在家里学北京名师课程，
高考英语第二轮语法专题复习一、冠词The Article知识要点：&&&&&& 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The
Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。二、定冠词的用法：17、Alexander Graham Bell invented&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& telephone
in 1876.&&&&&& A．×&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．a&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．the&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．one18、――Where’s Jack?&&&&&& ――I
think he’s still in&&&&&&&&&&&&& bed,
but he might just be in&&&&&&&&&&&&& bathroom.&&&&&& A．×;×&&&&&&&&&&&& B． the&&&&&&&&& C． ×&&&&&&&&& D．×; the19、Many people are still in&&&&& habit
of writing silly things in&&&&&&&&&& public
places.&&&&&& A． the&&&&&&&&& B．×;×&&&&&&&&&&&& C． ×&&&&&&&&& D．×; the20、――I’d like&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& information
about the management of your hotel, please.&&&&&& ――Well,
you could have&&&&&&&&&& word
with the manager. He might be helpful.&&&&&& A． a&&&&&&&&& B． some&&&&&&&& C． some&&&& D． a【答案】：
1、B& air是不可数名词。2、D& 此题为97年高考题。根据句意，第一空是泛指，第一次出现；第二空仍是泛指，且表数量“－”。3、D& 元音前用an。4、B& weather是不可数名词。5、A& 此题为85年高考题。泛指。6、A& go to school是固定短语。7、B& 山脉、形容词最高级及世界上的唯一的名词前加定冠词。9、C& 第一空，科目前不加冠词；第二空特指，有定语。10、C11、A& 第一空，a + 不可数名词表具体的介绍；第二空，trade不可数。12、D& 第一空是指有一位琼斯先生在您不在的时候来访。（括号里说明，我们俩都不认识这个人，因此不是特指。）第二空是固定短语，情绪不好。13、C& 第一空at dinner正在吃饭，固定短语。14、A& 泛指
15、C& 此题是89年高考题：乐器前加定冠词；music是不可数名词。16、A& 此题是90年高考题：stars前应加定冠词；space不可数。17、C& 此题是91年高考题：发明应是特指。18、D& 此题是92年高考题。in bed是固定短语，不加冠词。19、C& 此题是93年高考题。第一空后有定语，固是特指。第二空， public
places,公共场所，泛指。20、A& 此题是95年高考题。information是不可数名词；have a word with sb.是固定短语。二、名词Nouns知识要点：1、专有名词：1）China, Japan, Beijing, London, Tom, Jack（不加冠词）2）the Great Wall, the Yellow River, the People’s Republic of China,
the United States等。（由普通名词构成的专有名词，要加定冠词。）
一、名词的种类：2、普通名词
1）不可数名词注意：不可数名词前一般不加冠词，尤不加不定冠词：若加a(an)则使之具体化了。&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 如：have a
wonderful time.‚不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。ƒ不可数名词一般无复数形式。部分物质名词在表不同类别时，可用复数形式。如：fishes,& newspapers,& &&&&&& waters,& &&&&&&&&&&&&& snows……&&&&&& |&&&&&&&&&&&& &&& |&&&&& &
&&& &&&|&&&&&&& & &&&&&&&&&& &&
各种各样的鱼& 各种报纸& 河湖、海水&&&&&& 积雪„有些抽象名词也常用复数，变为可数的具体的事物。如：times时代，works著作，difficulties困难…在表数量时，常用“of”词组来表示。如：a glass of milk, a cup of tea, two pieces of paper….2）可数名词：
可数名词除用复数形式表一类之外，一般都要加冠词：A birdcaufly.The frog is a kind of hibernating
animal. Vegetables sold at this shop are usually
fresh.‚有复数形式：a）规则变化――加“s”或“es”（与初中同，略）
b）不规则变化――child
(children), foot (feet), tooth (teeth), man (men), woman (women), mouse (mice), goose
(geese), Englishman (Englishmen),phenomenon(phenomena)…注意：c）单、复数同形：sheep, deer, Chinese,
Japanese, fish（同一种鱼）……。如，a sheep, two sheepd）只用复数形式：&thanks, trousers, goods, clothes, socks, shoes,…
e）形复实单：physics,
politics, maths, news, plastics（塑料），means.f）形单实复：people (人民，人们)，the police, cattle等g）集合名词如：family, public, group, class等。当作为整体时，为单数；当作为整体中的各个成员时，为复数。如：&& My family is a
big one.&&&&& My
family are music lovers.h）复合名词变复数时，(a)只把复合名词中的主体各词变为复数形式。如：sister(s)-in-law嫂子，弟妹；step-son (s)继子；editor (s) -in-chief总编辑。
(b)如没有主体名词则在最后一个词的后面加“s”。如：grown-up(s)成年人，go-between(s)中间人(c）woman, man作定语时，要与被修饰的名词的数一致。如：a man servant―men servants, a woman doctor―women doctors二、名词的所有格：
1、表有生命的东西（人或动物）的名词所有格，一般在名词后加“’s”。如：Mike’s bag, Children’s Day, my brother’s room, women’s rights…注意：1）名词复数的词尾是-s或-es，它的所有格只在词后加“s”。如：Teachers’ &&&&&& Day, the
workers’ rest-home（工人疗养院），the students’ reading-room2）复合名词的所有格，在后面的词后加“’s”。如：her son-in-law’s photo（她女婿的照片）；anybody else’s book（其他任何人的书）3）如果一样东西为两人或两人以上共有，则在最后的一个名词后面加“’s”；&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& & 如果不是共有，则每个词后都要加“’s”。如：Jane and Helen’s room. 珍妮和海伦的房间（共有）. Bill’s and Tom’s radios. 比尔的收音机和汤姆的&& 收音机（不共有）4）表地点（店铺，某人的家等）的名词所有格后面，一般省去它所修饰的名词。如：the tailor’s (裁缝铺) the doctor’s (诊所) Mr Brown’s (布朗先生的家)5）有些表时间、距离、国家、城镇的无生命的名词，也可加“’s”表所有格。如：half an
hour’s walk (半小时的路程)&&&&&
China’s agriculture (中国的农业)2、表示无生命的东西的名词一般与of构成词组，表示所有格。如：the cover of the book
3、表示有生命的东西的名词也可以用of，特别是名词较长，有较多的定语时。如：the story of Dr Norman BethuneDo you know the name of the boy standing
at the gate?
4、“of词组+所有格”的用法：在表示所属物的名词前有冠词、数词、不定代词或指示代词（如：a, two, some, a few, this, that, these, those等）时，常用“of词组+所有格”的形式来表示所有关系。如：a friend of my father’s 我父亲的一位朋友。
some inventions of Edison’s 爱迪生的一些发明those exercise-books of the students’ 学生们的那些练习本。【专项训练】：1、There are only twelve&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& in
the hospital.&&&&&& A．woman doctors&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．women doctors&&&&&& C．women doctor&&&&&& & &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．woman doctor2、Mr Smith has two&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& ,
both of whom are teachers in a school.&&&&&& A．brothers-in-law&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．brother-in-laws&&&&&& C．brothers-in-laws&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．brothers-in law3、――How many&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& does
a cow have?&&&&&& ――Four.&&&&&& A．stomaches&&&&&& B．stomach&&&&&&&&& C．stomachs&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．stomachies4、Some&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& visited
our school last Wednesday.&&&&&& A．German&&&&&&&& B．Germen&&&&&&&&& C．Germans&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．Germens5、The&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& of
the building are covered with lots of&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& .&&&&&& A． leaves&& B． leafs&&& C． leaf&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D． leafs6、When the farmer returned home he found three&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& missing.&&&&&& A．sheeps&&&&&&&&&&& B．sheepes&&&&&&&&&& C．sheep&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．sheepies7、That was a fifty&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& engine.&&&&&& A．horse power&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．horses power&&&&&& C．horse powers&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．horses powers8、My father often gives me&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& .&&&&&& A．many advice&& B．much advice&& C．a lot of advices&&&&& D．a few advice9、Mary broke a&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& while
she was washing up.&&&&&& A．tea cup&&&&&&&&&& B．a cup of tea&&& C．tea’s cup&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．cup tea10、Can you give us some&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& about
the writer?&&&&&& A．informations&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．information&&&&&& C．piece of informations&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．pieces information11、I had a cup of&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& and
two pieces of&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& this
morning.&&&&&& A． bread&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B． breads&&&&&& C． breads&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D． bread12、As is known to us all, &&&&&&&&&&&&&& travels
much faster than&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& .&&&&&& A． sounds&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B． sound&&&&&& C． light&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D． lights13、She told him of all her&&&&&&&&&&&&&& and
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& .&&&&&& A． fear&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B． fear&&&&&& C． fears&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D． fears14、The rising&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& did
a lot of&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& to
the crops.&&&&&& A． harm&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B． harms&&&&&& C． harm&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D． harms15、――How far away is it from here to your school?&&&&&& ――It’s
about&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& .&&&&&& A．half an hour’s drive&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．half hours drives&&&&&& C．half an hour drives&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．half an hour drive16、The shirt isn’t mine. It’s&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& .&&&&&& A．Mrs Smith&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．Mrs’ Smith&&&&&& C．Mrs Smiths’&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．Mrs Smith’s17、Miss Johnson is a friend of&&&&&&&&&&&&&& .&&&&&& A．Mary’s mother&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．Mary’s mothers’&&&&&& C．Mary mother’s&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．Mary’s mother’s18、Last week I called at my&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& .&&&&&& A．aunt&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．aunts&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．aunt’s&&&&&&&&&&&& D．auntes’19、The beach is a&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& throw.&&&&&& A．stone&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．stones&&&&&&&&&&&& C．stones’&&&&&&&&&&& D．stone’s20、I can hardly imagine&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& sailing
across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.&&&&&& A．Peter’&&&&&&&&&&&& B．Peter&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．Peters&&&&&&&&&&&& D．Peters’【答案】：&&&&&& 1、B&&&&&&&&&&&& 2、A&&&&&& 3、C& stomach（胃）虽是“ch”结尾，但其发音为[k]，所以加“s”，不用加“es”。&&&&&& 4、C&&&& 5、A& roof, chief, gulf, belief等词的复数形式，直接加“s”。&&&&&& 6、C&&&&&& 7、A& 名词作定语一般不用复数。&&&&&& 8、B&&&&&& 9、A& 根据句意，打破的应是杯子，而不是茶；名词作定语表类别不用加“’s”。&&&&&& 10、B&&&&&&&&&&& 11、D&&&&&&&&&&& 12、B&&&&&&&&&&& 13、C&&&&&&&&&& 14、C&&&&&&&&&& 15、A&&&&&& 16、D& 根据上句，此处应是史密斯太太的衬衫。&&&&&& 17、D&&&&&&&&&& 18、C&&&&& 19、D& a stone’s throw是固定短语，意为“近在咫尺”。&&&&&& 20、B& 此句中Peter作动名词sailing的所有格，本应用Peter’s，但因其在动词后作宾语，所以可用宾格，因此B为正确答案。知识要点：&&&&&& 在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如何判定，则要看句子的意思。多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。1、以单数名词或代词、不定式、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：1）The book is on the table.2）He is reading English.
3）To work hard
is necessary.（It is necessary to work hard.）4）How you get there is a problem.2、复数主语跟复数动词。如：Children like to play toys.
3、在倒装句中，动词的数应和它后面的主语的数一致。如以here,there开头，be 动词与后面第一个名词一致。如：1）There is a dog near the door.2）There were no schools in this area before liberation.
3）Here comes
the bus.4）On the wall were two famous paintings.5）Here is Mr Brown and his children.4、and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。如果主语后跟有with, together with, except, but, perhaps , like, including, as well
as, no less than, more than, rather than等引起的短语，谓语动词仍与短语前的主语的形式保持一致。如：1）Jane, Mary and I are good friends.2）He and my father work in the same factory.3）His sister, no less than you, is wrong.4）The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the
accident.5）He, like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent.6）Every picture except these two has been sold.7）Alice with her parents often goes to the park on Sundays.8）Alice as well as her friends was invited to the concert.9）Nobody but Mary and I was in the classroom at that time.5、并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，and后面的名词没有冠词。如：1）The writer and worker is coming to our school tomorrow.这位工人作家明天要来我们学校。2）Bread and butter is their daily food. 面包和黄油是他们每日的食品。3）The writer and the worker are coming to our school tomorrow.那位作家和那位工人明天将来我们学校。6、and连接的并列单数名词前如有each, every, no, many a修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：1）Every boy and girl has been invited to the party.所有的孩子都被邀请参加这次聚会。2）No teacher and no student is absent today.今天没有老师和学生缺席。3）Many a student is busy with their lessons.许许多多的学生都忙着复习他们的功课。7、each, either, one, another, the other, neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
1）Each takes a
cup of tea.2）Either is correct.3）Neither of them likes this picture.8、由every, some, any, no构成的合成代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：1）Is everyone here?2）Nothing is to be done. 没有什么要干的事儿了。9、关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：1）Those who want to go please sign their names here.2）Anyone who is against this opinion may speak out.3）He is one of the students who were praised at the meeting.10、表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词或短语作为一个整体看待时，其谓语动词常用单数形式。如：1）Three years is not a long time.2）Ten dollars is what he needs.3）Five hundred miles is a long distance.11、复数形式的专有名词作为整体看待（如人名、地点、国家、组织、书籍、报刊等），动词用单数形式。如：1）The United States is in North America.2）The United Nations has passed a resolution(决议)。3）“The Arabian Nights”（《天方夜谭》）is an interesting book.12、有些集体名词如family, team, group, class, audience（听众，观众），government等作主语时，如看作是一个整体，谓语动词则用单数形式；如强调各个成员时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：1）My family is going to have a long journey.我家要进行一次长途旅行。2）My family are fond of music. 我家人都喜欢音乐。3）The class has won the honour. 这班获得了荣誉。4）The class were jumping for joy. 全班同学都高兴得跳了起来。13、all, more, most, some, any, none, half, the rest等作主语时，既可表示复数意义，也可表示单数意义，谓语动词要根据实际情况而定。如：1）All of the apple is rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。2）All of the apples are rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。3）Most of the wood was used to make furniture (家具)。14、the + 形容词（或分词）作主语时，常指一类人，谓语动词用复数形式。如指的是抽象概念，谓语动词则用单数形式。如：1）The young are usually very active. 年轻人通常是很活跃的。2）The wounded are being taken good care of here now. 现在伤病员们在这里受到了很好照顾。15、or, either…or…, neither…nor…, whether…or, not only…but (also)连接的是主语，谓语动词与后一个主语一致。如：1）Either you or I am going to the movies.2）Not only you but also he is wrong.16、不可数名词没有复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：1）Water is a kind of matter.2）The news at six o’clock is true.17、集合名词如：people, police ,cattle等作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
1）The police are
searching for him.2）The cattle are grassing (吃草)。18、population当人口讲时，谓语动词用单数形式；当人们讲时，谓语动词用复数。如：1）The population of China is larger than that of Japan.2）One third of the population here are workers.19、the number of + 名词复数，是表示“…的数字”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；a (large / great) number of + 名词复数，表示许多，作主语时；谓语动词用复数形式。1）The number of the students in our school is increasing year after
year.2）A number of students have gone for an outing.20、means, politics, physics, plastics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。【专项训练】1、Nothing but cars&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&& in the
shop.&&&&&& A．is sold&&&&&&&&&&&& B．are sold&&&&&&&&& C．were sold&&&&&&& D．are going to sell2、No one except Jack and Tom&&&&&&&&&&&&&
the answer.&&&&&& A．know&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．knows&&&&&&&&&&&& C．is knowing&&&&& D．are known3、Seventy percent of the students in our school&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& from
the countryside.&&&&&& A．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．comes&&&&&&&&&&&& D．are coming4、&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& of the money&&&&&&&&&&&&&& used
up.&&&&&& A．Three-five, are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．Three-fifths, have been&&&&&& C．Three-fifths, has been&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．Third-fifths, is5、The number of the people who&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& cars&&&&&&&&&&&&&& increasing.&&&&&& A．owns, are B．owns, is&&&&&&&&& C．own, is&&&&&&&&&& D．own, are6、One of Marx’s works&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& written
in English in the 1860s.&&&&&& A．was&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．were&&&&&&& C．would be&&&&&&& D．are7、The sheets for your bed&&&&&&&&&&&&&& washing.&&&&&& A．needs&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．are needing&&&& C．want&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．are wanting8、On each side of the street&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& a
lot of trees.&&&&&& A．stands&&&&&&&&&&& B．grow&&&&&&& C．is standing&&&&& D．are grown9、Some person&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& calling
for you at the gate.&&&&&& A．are &&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．is being&&&&&&&&& D．will be10、All that can be eaten&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& eaten
up.&&&&&& A．are being&&&&&&& B．has been&&&&&&&& C．had been&&&&&&& D．have been11、Tom’s teacher and friend&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Mr.
Smith.&&&&&& A．are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．are being&&&&&&& D．has12、Your new clothes fit you, but mine&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& me.&&&&&& A．doesn’t fit&&&&& B．don’t fit&&&&&&&& C．doesn’t fit for D．don’t fit for13、Neither he nor I&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& for
the plan.&&&&&& A．am&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．were14、Many a student&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& that
mistake before.&&&&&& A．has made B．have made&&&&& C．has been made D．had made15、Peter, perhaps John,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& playing
with the little dog.&&&&&& A．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．were&&&&&&& D．seems16、Laying eggs&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& the
ant queen’s full-time job.&&&&&& A．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．has&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．have17、Between the two buildings&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& a
monument.&&&&&& A．stand&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．stands&&&&&&&&&&&& C．standing&&&&&&&& D．is standing18、I, who&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&& your
good friend, will share your joys and sorrow.&&&&&& A．am&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．was
三、主谓一致Agreement19、The United Nations&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& in
1945.&&&&&& A．were found&&&& B．were founded& C．was founded&& D．was found20、&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& were also invited to the party.&&&&&& A．Mr Smith&&&&&& B．The Smith&&&&& C．The Smiths&&&& D．Smiths
21、The glass works&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& in
1959.&&&&&& A．were set up&&&& B．was set up&&&&&& C．were put up&&& D．were built22、Three hours with your girl friend&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& to
be a short time.&&&&&& A．seem&&&&&&& B．seems&&&&&& C．is seeming &&&& D．has seemed23、It was reported that six&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& including
a boy.&&&&&& A．was killed&&&&&& B．were killed&&&&& C．was killing&&&&& D．had killed24、The police&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& a
prisoner.&&&&&& A．is searching for&&&&& B．are searching forC．is searching D．are searched for25、Deer&&&&&&&&&&&&& faster
than dogs.&&&&&& A．run&&&&&&&& B．runs&&&&&&& C．are running&&& D．will run26、The wounded&&&&&&&&&&&&& good
care of here now.&&&&&& A．is taken&& B．are being taken&&&&& C．are taking&&&&&&&&&&&& D．is taking27、The whole class&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& greatly
moved at his words.&&&&&& A．was&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．were&&&&&&& C．had&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．is28、Over 80 percent of the population of China&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& peasants.&&&&&& A．was&&&&&&&& B．is&&&&& C．are&&&&&&&&& D．will be29、There&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& a
knife and fork on the table.&&&&&& A．seems to be&&&& B．seem to be&&&&&&&&&&&& C．is seeming to be D．are30、Those who&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& singing
may join us.&&&&&& A．are liking&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．likes&&&&&&& C．enjoy&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．is fond of31、His family&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& music
lovers.&&&&&& A．all are&&&&&&&&&&& B．are all&&&&&&&&&&&& C．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．are being32、A professor and a writer&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& present
at the meeting.&&&&&& A．was&&&&&&&& B．is&&&&& C．were&&&&&&& D．had been33、The pair of shoes&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& worn
out.&&&&&& A．was&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．were&&&&&&& C．have been&&&&&& D．had been34、The students in our school each&&&&&&&&&&&&&& an
English dictionary.&&&&&& A．have&&&&&&& B．has&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．had&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．are having35、More than one answer&&&&&&&&&&&&&& to
the question.&&&&&& A．have been given&&&& B．has been given&&&&&& C．were given&&&&& D．had given36、The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who&&&&&&&&&&&& from
the countryside in our school.&& A．are&&&&&& B．is&&&&& C．were&&&&&&& D．was37、Our family&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& a
happy one.&&&&&& A．is&&&&&&&&&&&& B．are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．was&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．were38、Most of the mistakes&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& because
of carelessness.&&&&&& A．were made&&&&& B．are made C．has been made&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．were making39、Most of his time&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& in
reading novels.&&&&&& A．are spent&&&&&&& B．is spent&&&&&&&&&& C．were spent&&&&& D．was spending40、The rest of the novel&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& very
interesting.&&&&&& A．were&&&&&&& B．are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．seem41、I know that all&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& getting
on well with her.&&&&&& A．was&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．were42、When and where this took place&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& still
unknown.&&&&&& A．are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．were&&&&&&& C．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．has43、Not only the workers but also the machine&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& not
there.&&&&&& A．are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．were&&&&&&& C．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．has44、Very few&&&&&&&&&&&&&& his
address in the town.&&&&&& A．knows&&&&&&&&&&& B．know&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．are knowing&& D．has known45、Ten thousand dollars&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& a
large sum of money.&&&&&& A．are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．were&&&&&&& D．seem46、Twenty miles&&&&&&&&&&&&&& a
long way to cover.&&&&&& A．were&&&&&&& B．are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．seem to be47、Nine plus three&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& twelve.&&&&&& A．makes&&&&&&&&&&& B．make&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．is making&&&&&& D．are making48、There are two roads and either&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& to
the station.&&&&&& A．leads&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．lead&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．are leading&&&& D．is leading49、My father, together with some of his old friends,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& there
already.&&&&&& A．have been&&&&&& B．has been&&&&&&&& C．had been&&&&&&& D．will be50、My family as well as I&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& glad
to see you.&&&&&& A．am&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．was【答案】：&&&&&& 1、A& 因有连词but，所以谓语形式跟Nothing一致，用第三人称单数。见讲解4。&&&&&& 2、B& 同上& 3、B& 见讲解2。&&&&& 4、C& 见讲解16。&&&&&& 5、C& 定语从句看被修饰的先行词：the number of作主语用单数形式。见讲解9，19。&&&&&& 6、A& 见讲解1。&&&&& 7、C& 见讲解2。&&&&& 8、B& 倒装句，要看后面的主语。见讲解3。&&&&&& 9、B& some person指“某人”是第三人称单数。见讲解13。&&&&&& 10、B 主语“all”指的是“food”，所以代不可数名词，是第三人称单数。见讲解13。&&&&&& 11、B& Tom’s teacher and friend，因friend前没有冠词，所以实际指的是同一个人。&&& 见讲解5。&&&&&& 12、B& 根据前一分句的意思，第二分句中的mine指的是“my new clothes”，因&&& 此主语是复数。&&&&&& 13、A& neither…nor…连接主语，动词与后面的主语保持一致。见讲解15。&&&&&& 14、A& 见讲解6。&&&& 15、A& 见讲解4。&&&& 16、A& 见讲解1，动名词作主语。&&&&& 17、B& 倒装，见讲解3。&&&&&& 18、A& 见讲解9。&&&& 19、C& 见讲解11。&&&&&& 20、C& 因谓语动词是复数，所主语应是复，The Smiths是指史密斯一家人。&&&&&& 21、B& works在此句中是指工厂，所以是单数。&&&& 22、B& 见讲解10。&&&&&& 23、B& six在这儿指的是人，因此用复数形式。&&&&& 24、B& 见讲解17。&&&&&& 25、A& deer, sheep是单、复数同形，根据后面的dogs，前面的deer应是复数（单 数前应有a）。&&&& 26、B& 见讲解14。& 27、B& 见讲解12，因人才能受感动，所以the whole class是指全班的成员。&& 28、C& 见讲解18。&& 29、A& 见讲解5。刀、叉是一副而论，所以看作单数。&&&&&& 30、C& 见讲解9。&&& 31、B& 见讲解12。&& 32、C& 见讲解4，注意与第11题比较。&&& 33、A& 因此句主语是pair，所以用单数。&&&&&& 34、A& 因此句主语是the students，所以用复数。如果each作主语，谓语动词则用&&&&& 第三人称单数形式。如：Each of the students /
Each student has an English dictionary.&&&&&& 35、B& 此句中的主语是one answer，所以谓语动词应与它保持一致。&&&&&& 36、B& 根据句意，这个男孩是学校中唯一来自农村的学生，自然后面的定语从句&&&&&& 的主语是单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式，又因主从句时态保持一致，故B&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 是唯一正确答案。&&&& 37、A& 见讲解12。&& 38、A& 见讲解2。39、B& 见讲解16。&&&&&& 40、C& 这部小说的剩余部分，还没超出“一”，用单数。&&&&&& 41、C& 见讲解13，不定代词all在此句中代“与她相处的人”，所以是复数。&&&&&& 42、C& 见讲解1，when and where this took place是一个从句。&&&&&& 43、C& 见讲解15。&& 44、B& few在此代人，是复数。&& 45、B& 见讲解10。&&&&&& 46、C& 同上。&&& 47、A& 同上。&&& 48、A& 见讲解7。&&&& 49、B& 见讲解4。&&&& 50、B& 同上。虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握：1、虚拟条件句。2、名词性虚拟语气。
3、虚拟语气的其他用语。条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。1、条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为：If 主语＋过去时，主语＋should（could, would, 或might）＋动词原形，如：
If I were you, I would study hard.If it rained, I would not be here now.2、条件从句与过去事实不一致，句型为：If 主语＋had＋过去分词，主语＋should（could, would, 或might）＋have＋过去分词，如：If the doctor had come last night, the
boy would have saved.If I had not studied hard, I would have
failed in the exam last term.3、条件从句与将来事实不一致，句型为：
一、虚拟条件句：＋do，主语＋should（could…）＋ 原形 do
过去时（与现在事实条件句一样）。If it should rain tomorrow, we would
stay at home.If I were to go to the moon one day, I
could see it with my own eyes.If you missed the film to night, you
would feel sorry.注意问题：1、If条件句中绝对不可出现“would”。
2、根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都是遵守上述句型。3、在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如：
Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved.Were I to go to the moon one day, I
would see it with my own eyes.Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay
at home.在表示命令、建议要求、惊叹时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气，基本句型：主语＋（should）＋动词原形，如：Mother insisted that John go to bed at 9 o’clock.（宾语从句）We suggested that the meeting should not
be held.It was required that the crops should be
harvested at once.（主语从句）The suggestion that he be invited was
rejected.（同位语从句）That is their demand that their wages be
increased.（表语从句）注意：在这种句子中绝不出现“would”“must”“could”等。1、wish后的宾语从句：与现在愿望不一致 主语＋过去时；I wish I were you.与过去愿望不一致 主语＋had＋过去分词；I wish I had visited the white
House when I was in the states.与未来愿望不一致 主语＋would（could）＋原形。I wish I could meet you
tomorrow at the party.2、It’s time句型：当It’s time后用that从句时应该为：主语＋should＋原形 或 主语＋过去时，例如：It’s time that you went to school. 或It’s time that you should go to
school.3、If only引起的感叹句相当于“How I wish＋宾语从句”
If only he could come!& 他要能来就好了。If only I had known the answer!& 我要早知答案就好了。4、would rather, as if（though）引导的句子也需使用虚拟，表示过去的情况用过去完成时，表示现在与将来的情况用过去时，如：I’d rather you posted the letter right
away.I’d rather you had returned the book
yesterday.She loves the children as if they were
hers.Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there.5、without, but, but for, otherwise引起的短语或句子常暗含着含蓄条件。Without you, I would never know him. But for your cooperation, we wouldn’t
have done the work so well. = If it were not for your cooperation, we we
wouldn’t have done the work so well.
注： without /
but for … = If it weren’t not for…/ If it hadn’t been for …., sb …..But that she was afraid, she would have
said no.I would be most glad to help you, but I’
am busy now.I otherwise I would do you
the favor!【专项训练】1、It is important that a college student &&&&&&&&&&&&& &a foreign language.&&&&&& A．will master&&&& B．master&&&&&&&&&&& C．masters&&&&&&&&& D．would master2、It is strange that she &&&&&&&&&& &without saying a word.&&&&&& A．should have gone out&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．went&&&&&& C．should go out&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．goes out3、If my lawyer &&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &here last Saturday, he &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &me from going.&&&&&& A．had been, would have prevented&&& B．had been, would prevent&&&&&& C．were, would prevent&&&&&&&&&&&&&
D．were, would
have prevent4、& ――“He is a brave man.”&&&&&& ――“Yes, I wish I &&&&&&&&&&&& &his courage.”&&&&&& A．have&&&&&&& B．had&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．will have&&&&&&& D．may have5、If it &&&&&&&&&&&&&& &rain, the crops would be saved.&&&&&& A．should&&&&&&&&&&& B．will&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．is going to&&&&& D．was to6、He ordered that the medicine &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &by a special plane.&&&&&& A．was sent &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．would be sent&&&&&& C．should send&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．be sent7、If you &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &the medicine, you &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &better now.&&&&&& A．took, would feel&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．had taken, felt&&&&&& C．had taken, would feel&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．took, would have felt8、She is my sister, but she often acts as if &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &my mother.&&&&&& A．is&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．was&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．were&&&&&&& D．had been9、I went to bed early last night, but I wish I &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &so.&&&&&& A．didn’t do&&&&&&& B．hadn’t do&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．haven’t done& D．couldn’t do10、I’d rather he &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &tomorrow afternoon.&&&&&& A．will come B．comes&&&&&&&&&&&& C．coming&&&&&&&&&& D．came答案：&&&&&& 1、B&&&&&&&&&&&& 2、A&&&&&&&&&&&& 3、A&&&&&&&&&&&& 4、B&&&&&&&&&&&& 5、A&&&&&& 6、D&&&&&&&&&&&& 7、C&&&&&&&&&&&& 8、C&&&&&&&&&&&& 9、B&&&&&&&&&&&& 10、D五、倒装句&&&&&& &英语的基本句型是主语 + 谓语。如果将主语与谓语调换, 称倒装句。倒装句分全倒装句和半倒装句。&&& 情况:1、当here, there, out, in, up, down等副词放在句首时, 句子需全倒装:There goes the bell! 铃响了！&&&&&&&&& There
lived an old man.&&&&&&& Here
comes the bus.注意: ①在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词, 像go, come, mush等。②主语如果是代词时不需倒装如Away
he went. 他走远了。2、方位状语在句首, 如:In front of the house stopped a police
car.Nearby were two canoes in which they had
come to the island.Under the tree sat a boy.
3 、直接引语在句首, 这种情况可倒装也可不倒装&What does it mean?& asked the
boy或the boy
asked.Never shall I forget you.At no time was the man aware of what was
happening.Little did I understand what he said to
me at that time.
二、半倒装: 主语与谓语的助动词交换位置称半倒装, 有以下数种情况:
1. 否定意义的词在句首, 句子半倒装, 例如: little, never, not, no, hardly,
rarely, seldom2.&&&&&& 几对并列连词如not only…but also, hardly… when等连接两个并列句, 连词在句首, 前句半倒装, 后句不倒装:Not only was everything he had taker
away from him, but also his German citizenship was taken away.No sooner had I got to the bus
stop than the bus started.(注意时态)注意: ①not only…but also连接两个并列主语时不需倒装, 如: Not only you but also I like playing
chess.②neither…nor在句首时, 前后两句都需倒装, Neither do I have a sister nor does my
3、only在句首强调状语, 主句半倒装:
Only then did I realize that I was wrong.Only in this way can I learn from my
fault.Only when the war was over in 1918, was
he able to get back to work.注意: only强调主语不倒装:Only the teachers can use the room.4、so…that句型, so在句首时, 主句倒装, that从句不倒装:So easy is it that a clild can learn it.So hard did he work that he finally won
the fame.I saw the film, so did he.1、倒装句（Inversion）英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”。如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为“倒装”。
一、倒装的类型类型例&&&&&&&&&&&
句说&&& 明&完
装Out rushed the students to welcome the
foreign friends.学生们涌出去欢迎外国朋友。整个谓语移至主语之前。&部
装Seldom does he go to school late.他上学很少迟到。只把系动词，情态动词，助动词或表语放在主语之前。1、由于语法结构的需要而使用的倒装情 况例&&&&&&&&&&&
句说&&& 明
二、倒装结构的基本用法疑&问&句&中Have you got a dictionary?你有一本字典吗？Where did he go last Monday?上星期一他去什么地方了？Are you listening to the radio?你在听广播吗？Who told you the news?谁告诉你那个消息的？Which boy broke this glass?哪个男孩子把这个玻璃打破了？用完全或部分倒装，但以疑问词或疑问词修饰的名词作主语的疑问句要用正常语序。“there be”结构中There are three wells in our village.我们村里有三口水井。There stands a big paper making
factory by the river.河边有座大型造纸厂。&在以here,
there, now, then, in, away, up down等副词开头的句子中Here is a letter for you.这儿有你一封信。There goes the bell. 铃响了。Now comes your turn to play.现在轮到你玩了。Away went the crowd one by one .人们一个一个地离去。Look, there he comes!&& 看，他来了。Down she went& 她下来了。使用完全倒装结构。但如果主语是代词则用正常语序。在以neither
nor 或no more开头的句子中I can’t swim, nor (neither)can she .我不会游泳，她也不会。He hasn’t been to the countryside,
neither does he want to go there.他没有去过农村，他也不想去那里。He did not turn up. No more did his
wife. 他没有来，他妻子也没有来。表示……也不这样，
neither和nor意思相同，可以替换使用，no more表示动作的程度并不比前面提到的稍强。意为也不…。&用在as（尽管）引导的让步状语从句中Proud as the nobles are ,he is afraid
to see me .尽管这些贵族很傲慢，他却害怕见我。Young as he is, he knows a lot .虽然他年轻，却知道很多东西。从属连句as用于特殊语序，含义与though, although相同，但“as”这种结构可表示非常强烈的对照，必须用倒装（表语提前）2、为了加强语气而使用的倒装。（使句子更加流畅，更加生动）情 况例&&&&&&&&&&&&&
句说&&& 明含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时Never before have we seen such a
sight.以前我们从来没有见过这样的情景。Little did I think that he could be
back alive.我没有想到他竟能活着回来。Not until New Year’s Day shall I give
you a gift.我要到元旦那天才能给你礼物。Not only was everything that he had
taken away from him, but also his German citizenship.不仅他所有的一切被没收了，而且连他的德国公民权也被剥夺了。常用否定词有：&&&&&&
never,not,hardly,scarcely seldom, little, not until,
not only…but also,
no sooner …than, hardly (scarcely)…when等。一般主句用部分倒装结构。副词only放在句首时Only then did he realize his mistakes
.只有在那时，他才认识到自己的错误。Only in this way can you learn maths
well .只有用这种方法，你才能学好数学。Only Mother can understand me .只有母亲最理解我。Only three of us failed in the exam.我们中只有三个人考试不及格。only 起强调作用，其句型为“only +状语+部分倒装”。&如置于句首的only修饰主语，则不用倒装结构。&虚拟语气条件从句中Were they here, they would help us .他们要是在这儿，他们会帮助我们的。Had I been informed earlier. I could
have done something.我要是早得到通知，我就能干事了。Should you fail, take more pain and
try again.万一你失败了，就要更加刻苦，重新再干。 把从句中if省略将were，had或should放在主语的前面。直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时“He is a
clever boy”said the teacher.老师说：“他是个聪明的孩子。”“Go, Dick,
go!”cried Tom,“Go home and get help”“走，狄克，走！”汤姆呼喊着，“快回家去求援”“What do you
think of the film? ”he asked.他问“你认为这部电影怎么样？”“I’m leaving
for Hongkong next month”Mary told me yesterday.玛利告诉我“我下月要去香港”。主句主语和谓语次序颠倒，用完全倒装。但如果主句主语为代词时或谓语部分比主语长，一般不用倒装。表示祝愿的句子中May you succeed!& 祝你成功。Long live the Communist Party of China.中国共产党万岁！谓语动词或谓语的一部分放在主语的前面。副词so在句首He is interested in pop-songs, and so
am I .他对流行歌曲感兴趣，我也如此。They will learn chemistry next term,
so will I .他们下学期学化学，我也学。I can drive a car, so can my younger
brother.我会开汽车，我弟弟也会开车。表示前面所说的情况也适合于另一个人或另一事物的肯定句中。&―Tom won the first prize for the
English&& competition.－So he did.英语竞赛汤姆获得了一等奖。确实如此。It was cold yesterday. So it was .昨天天气冷。的确冷。如果后面的句子只是单纯重复前句的意思，不表示也适用于另一人或事，则不用倒装结构。在频度状语often, always, many a time等开头的句子中Often did we warn them not to do so.我们曾多次警告他们不要这样做。Many a time has she helped me with my
English.她不止一次地帮助或学习英语。&在方式状语thus开头的句子中及程度状语so放句首Thus ended his life.这样结束了他的生命。So loudly did he speak that even
people in the next room could hear him .他讲话的声音那样大，连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。&介词短语作状语，放在句首In the middle of the room stood a
little girl.在房间中央站着一个小女孩。In the distance was a horse.马在远处。&在强调表语的句子中Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man
of great achievements.阿尔伯特?曼因斯坦就是这样一个人，一个纯朴而又取得巨大成就的人。Such is life. 生活就是这样。Nearby were two canoes in which they
had come to the island.附近有两只他们来这个岛乘坐的独木船。表语提前，不仅为了强调，而且为了使句子结构达到平衡协调，或使上下文紧密衔接。【专项训练】Ⅰ、选择填空1、&&&&&&
that we all went out, lying in the sun.&&&&&& A．The weather so fine was&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．So fine was the weather&&&&&& C．So the weather was fine&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．So was fine weather2、Under his arm&&&&& a pair of
shoes which he had bought from the shop a few days before.&&&&&& A．is &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．was&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．were 3、&&&&&
who had arrested him three times for
carrying drugs.&&&&&& A．Before George stood the policeman&&&&&& B．Before George the policeman stood&&&&&& C．Before the policeman stood George&&&&&& D．Before George did the policeman4、Then &&&&&&&we had been looking forward to .&&&&&& A．came the hour &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．the hour came&&&&&& C．comes the hour&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．the hour is coming5、Only when he started to explain &&&&&&&the reason for this.&&&&&& A．she realized&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．did she realize&&&&&& C．she had realized &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．had she realized&6、&&&&&
&succeed in doing anything.&&&&&& A．Only by working hard we can&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&& B．By only working hard we can &&&&&& C．Only by working hard can we&&&&&& D．Only we can by working hard7、Not for a moment &&&&&&the truth of your story.&&&&&& A．he has doubted&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．he doubts&&&&&& C．did he doubt&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．he did doubt8、Nowhere else in the world&&&&& &cheaper tailoring than in Hong Kong.&&&&&& A．a tourist can find&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．can a tourist find&&&&&& C．a tourist will find&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．a tourist has found&9、Hardly &&&&&&&when the bus suddenly pulled away.&&&&&& A．they had got to the bus-stop&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．they got to the bus-stop&&&&&& C．did they get to the bus-stop&&&&&&& D．had they got to the bus -stop&10、Mary doesn’t speak French, and &&&&&&&&does Joan.&&&&&& A．not&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．neither&&&&&&&&&& C．either&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．so11、―Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?& ―I don’t know,&&&&&& .&&&&&& A．nor don’t I care&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．nor do I care&&&&&& C．I don’t care neither&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．I don’t care also12、Not until the early years of the 19th century&&&& what heat is.&&&&&& A．man did know&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．man knew&&&&& &&&&&& C．didn’t man know&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．did man know13、After that we never saw her again nor &&&&&&from
her.&&&&&& A．did we hear&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．we heard&&&&&& C．had we heard&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．we have heard14、John won the first prize in the contest. &&&&&&&&&&&&.&&&&&& A．So he did. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．So did he. &&&& &&&&&& C．So he did, too.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．So did he, too.15、&&&&&
,he doesn’t study well.&&&&&& A．As he is clever &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．He is as clever&&&&&& C．Clever as he is &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．As clever he is 16、You can never use my tape recorder. &&&&time should you
touch that machine.&&&&&& A．At no&&&&&&&&&&&& B．At any &&&&&&&&& C．Any &&&&&&&&&&&&& D．No17、Scarcely&&&&
the room&&&&&& the
phone rang.&&&&&& A．I had entered…when&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．Had I entered…then&&&&&& C．had I entered…when&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．have I entered…when&18、Only &&&&&&&save his life.&&&&&& A．can the doctor&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．the doctor can&&&&&& C．will the doctor&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．could the doctor19、Hardly anybody&&&& &the boy , because he is rude.&&&&&& A．does like&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．likes&&&&&&& C．do like&&&&&&&&&&& D．like20、So well&&&&
&that the teacher praised
her.&&&&&& A．she had done her homework&&&&&& B．her homework had been done&&&&&& C．did she do her homework&&&&&& D．she did her homework21、Only when &&&&&&to know him will you get along with him.&&&&&& A．do you come&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．will you come&&&&&&& &&&&&& C．you come&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．you will come22、Out &&&&&&, gun
in hand.&&&&&& A．did he rush&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．rushed he &&&&& &&&&&& C．he rushed&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．had he rushed23、He had promised me to come to the party ,and &&&&&&.&&&&&& A．so did he &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．so he did &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．so he would&&&&&&&&&& D．so would he24、Into the sky&&&&& &the light blue smoke.&&&&&& A．went up&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．up went&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．did go up &&&&&&&&&&&& D．had gone up25、Little &&&&&&&about his own life at the meeting.&&&&&& A．did he talk&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．he talked&&&&&& C．he was talking&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．had he talked26、Under no circumstances&&&&& first use
nuclear weapons.&&&&&& A．will China&&&&&&&&&&&& B．China will &&&& C．does China&&&&&&&&&&& D．do China27、&&&&&
&taken that examination, she could have
passed it .&&&&&& A．Were she &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．Had she be able to &&&&& &&&&&& C．If she would have&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．Had she28、&&&&&&
tomorrow , we would put off the match till
next Monday.&&&&&& A．Should it rained&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．Were it to rain&&&&&& C．If it would rain&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．Had it rained29、Look, here&&&&
.&&&&&& A．Mr. Brown comes &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．does Mr. Brown come&&&&&& C．comes Mr. Brown&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．Mr. Brown has come30、Often &&&&&us good
advice.&&&&&& A．did she give&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．she did give&&&&&& C．she gave&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．she has given31、Not until I began to work&&&&& how much
time I had wasted.&&&&&& A．didn’t I realize&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．did I realize&&&&&& C．I didn’t realize&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．I realize32、Little &&&&&&about
his own safety , though he was in great danger himself.&&&&&& A．does he care&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．did he care&&&&&& C．he cares&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．he cared33、&&&&&&
began our new lesson.&&&&&& A．But &&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．Thus&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．Such&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．So that34、By no means &&&&&&look down upon the poor.&&&&&& A．we should&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．we should not &&&&&& C．do we &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．should we35、Only when&&&&& 30 years old
&&&&&&&&&&to
learn English.&&&&&& A．was he , did he begin&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．he was , he began&&&&&& C．was he , he began&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．he was ,did he begin36、Not once &&&&&&&their plan.&&&&&& A．did they change&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．they changed&&&&&& C．changed they&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．they did changed37、“It’s very hot today.”“&&&&&&&&&
&.”&&&&&& A．So it is &&&&&&&&& B．So is it &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．So does it&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．So it does&38、A fish needs water and without water it will die. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& A．So does a man &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．So will a man&&&&&& C．So it is with a man&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．So is it with a man&&&&&& 39、They arrived at the farmhouse, in front of which&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
.&&&&&& A．sat a small boy &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．a small boy sat&&&&&& C．is sitting a small boy &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．a small boy sitting40、Society has changed and&&&&&& in it
.&&&&&& A．so have the people &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．so the people have&&&&&& C．the people have so&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．have the people soⅡ、改错41、Only when was he 50 years old did he begin to learn French.42、Little she knew Tom was was badly ill 43、Turn to the right and there are you.44、And all around the fox in a circle was dogs.45、―You can learn English well.&&&&&& ―So
can we.46、I dare climb this tall tree, but do you?47、Not once he kept his promise.48、Many a time he has given us some good advice.49、Such a noise there was that I couldn’t work in the room.50、Only does my mother understand me.【答案】：Ⅰ、1、B&&&&&&&&&&&& 2、C&&&&&&&&&&&& 3、A&&&&&&&&&&&& 4、A&&&&&&&&&&&& 5、B&&&&&&&&&&&& 6、C&&&&&&&&&&&& 7、C&&&&&&&&&&&& 8、B&&&&& 9、D&&&&& &&&&&& 10、B&&&&&&&&&&& 11、B&&&&&&&&&&& 12、D&&&&& 13、A&&&&&&&&&&& 14、A&&&&&&&&&& 15、C&&&&&&&&&& 16A 17、C&&&&&&&&&& 18、B&&&&& 19、B&&&&&&&&&&& 20、C&&&&&&&&&& 21、C&&&&&&&&&& 22、C&&&&&&&&&& 23、B&&&&&&&&&&& 24A&&&&&& 25、A&&&&&&&&&& 26、A&&&&&&&&&& 27、D&&&&&&&&&& 28、B&&&&&&&&&&& 29、C&&&&&&&&&& 30、A&&&&&& 31、B&&&&&&&&&&& 32、B&&&&&&&&&&& 33、B&&&&&&&&&&& 34、D&&&&&&&&&& 35、D&&&&&&&&&& 36、A&&&&&& 37、A&&&&&&&&&& 38、C&&&&&&&&&& 39、A&&&&&&&&&& 40、A&&& Ⅱ、41、was he ―he was 倒装主句不倒装从句。&&&&&& 42、She knew―did she know 此句为半倒装句。&&&&&& 43、are you ―you are 此句为全部倒装句如主语是代词则不倒装。&&&&&& 44、was―were主语是dogs 。&&&&&& 45、so we can 主语we与上一句中的主语you所指相同故不同倒装。&&&&&& 46、do you―dare you 前面句中用情态，后面要呼应。&&&&&& 47、he kept―did he keep&&&&&& 48、he has―has he &&&&&& 49、&O&&&&&& 50、去掉does，将understand改为understands。only后面跟状语倒装，后跟主语不倒装。六、并列句知识要点：
1、熟悉并掌握并列句的结构和常用的并列词的用法；2、注意while, when 和 for等作并列连词的用法。什么叫并列句：由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子叫并列句。并列句的基本句型：简单句 +
并列连词 + 简单句类型说明连接词例&&&&&&&&&&&
句&&&&并并列关系(联合关系)and, not only…but(also), neither…nor等&
I help him and he helps me. 我帮助他，他也帮助我。&
Not only did we write to her but also we telegraphed her. 我们不仅给她写信而且还给她发了电报。&
Neither I would consult him nor he would ask me for advice. 我不想与他商量，他也不会征求我的意见。&&&&列转折关系but, yet, still, while, however, when等&
He failed many times, but he didn’t despair. 他失败多次但并没有气馁。&
She has difficulty in learning English, however, she works hard and is
making rapid progress. 她学习英语有困难，然后她学习努力，进步很快。&选择关系or, otherwise or else, either…or&
We must hurry, or we’ll miss the train. 我们必须快点，否则会赶不上火车。&
Either you come to my place or I go to yours. 或者你到我这儿来，或者我到你那去。句因果关系for, so, thus, therefore, and so&
We had better stay at home, for it was raining. 我们最好呆在家里，因为天正在下雨。&
He didn’t work hard, therefore he failed in the examination. 他学习不努力，因此这次考试不及格。&&有时也可不用连词，而用逗号，分号或冒号&
Hurry up, it’s getting dark. 快点，天要黑了。&
Let’s start early, we have a long way to go. 我们要早动身，因为路很远。注意：
（1）yet和still是连接副词，也叫半连接词。它们是副词。又起连接作用，但不如and,
but, or等强，用了yet或still，前面还可加and或but。
He is tired, (but) still he will make another experiment. 他很累，但他仍然要做另一个实验。
I got up very early, (and) yet I failed to catch the first bus. 我起得很早，然而还是没有赶上头班车
（2）while意义相当于at the same time表示相反和对照，常用来连接两个意义对立的分句。I like football, while my sister likes
basketball. 我喜欢足球，而我姐姐喜欢篮球。when = and then, just then或at that time, during the time. We were ready to rush away, when the
snake moved. 我们正准备离开，这时蛇移动了。while和when作为并列连词使用时常是放在第二个分句前边，并有逗号和第一分句隔开。3、for表示附加或推断的理由、原因。therefore比so更正式，and so比较口语化。【专项训练】：1、He couldn’t know the truth about me, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& he
wouldn’t treat me like this.2、The bell is ringing&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& the
lesson is over.3、Although he was ill, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& he
kept on working.4、I can’t make up my mind&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& we
will go to Shanghai&&&&&&&&&&&&&& we
will stay in our city.5、He doesn’t talk much, &&&&&&&&&&&&&& he
thinks a lot.6、It must have rained last night &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& the
ground is still wet.7、The president will visit the town in May &&&&&&&&&&&&&&& he
will open the new hospital.8、Jane was dressed in green&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Mary
was dressed in blue.9、&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& he did not speak distinctly&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& I
did not hear it clearly.10、He is clever, &&&&&&&&&&&&&& ,
he often makes mistakes.11、&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& did we write to her&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& we
called up her.12、He hasn’t any money&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& I’m
going to lend him some.13、T he, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& ,
didn’t go to school.14、Mary was neither happy,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
was she sad.15、Put on more clothes, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&& you’ll
catch cold.二、选择最佳答案：16、Some are reading magazines, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& others
are playing cards.&&&&&& A．or&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．for&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．so&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．while17、We must get up early tomorrow. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& we’ll
miss the first bus to the Great Wall.&&&&&& A．so&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．or&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．but&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．however18、――I don’t like chicken&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& fish.&&&&&& ――I
don’t like chicken, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& I
like fish very much.&&&&&& A．and, and&&&&&&& B．and, but&&&&&&&& C．or, and&&&&&&&&&& D．or, but19、We want&&&&&&&&&&&&&& high
speed&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& good
quality.&&&&&& A．both, and&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．either, or&&&&&&& C．neither, nor&&& D．not, but also20、In spring it is&&&&&&&&&&&&&& hot&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& cold
here.&&&&&& A．both, and&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．either, or&&&&&&& C．neither, nor&&& D．not only, but21、&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& does he writes well, &&&&&&&&&& &&&&&& he also
speaks well.&&&&&& A．Not only, but&&&&&&&& B．Not, but&&&& C．Either, or && D．Both, and22、Use your head, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& you’ll
work it out.&&&&&& A．so&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．or&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．and&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．for23、I want to buy the jacket, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& I
have not enough money with me.&&&&&& A．but&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．so&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．or&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．for24、&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& you&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& I
am going to help Tom.&&&&&& A．Either, or&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．Not, but&&&&&&&& C．Not only, and&&&&&&& D．Each, and25、The soldier was wounded, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& he
pushed on.&&&&&& A．for&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．and&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．so&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．yet26、――Do you know Jim quarrelled with his classmate?&&&&&& ――I
don’t know, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& .&&&&&& A．nor don’t I came&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．nor do I care&&&&&& C．I don’t care neither&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．I don’t care also27、He is a teacher, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& a
singer as well.&&&&&& A．but&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．or&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．nor&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．and28、&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& should a man have courage, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& he
should have wisdom and knowledge.&&&&&& A．Not only, but&&&&&&&& B．Neither, nor&&& C．Either, or&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．Both, and29、We have studied English for only one year, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& we
can perform English short plays already.&&&&&& A．yet&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．for&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．and &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．or30、She had escaped, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& the
ring had fallen off and been damaged in the great heat of the fire.&&&&&& A．so&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．or&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．but&&&&&&&&& &&&&&& D．and31、The work was difficult, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& ,he
finished in on time.&&&&&& A．but&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．however&&&&&&&&& C．otherwise D．therefore32、The sky was cloudless&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& the
sun was shining.&&&&&& A．but&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．and&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．for&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．so33、&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.&&&&&& A．Having been told&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．Though he had been told&&&&&& C．He was told&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．Having told34、I was walking along the street &&&&&&&&&&&&&&& I
heard someone calling my name.&&&&&& A．when&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．while&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．and&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．for35、To be healthy, you must have a meal&&&&&&&&&&&&&& too
big &&&&&&&&&&&&&&& too
small.&&&&&& A．either, or&&&&&&& B．neither, nor&&& C．not only, but also&& D．not, but36、Both Jane and Ellen, &&&&&&&&&&&&&& Mary,
are studying at the same college. &&&&&& A．too&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．and&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．as well&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．as well as37、He has never studied English before, &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& we
should give him more help.&&&&&& A．and&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．or&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．therefore&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．but38、I se &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& ,
I don’t agree with you.&&&&&& A．or&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．but&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．so&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．still39、They must stay in the water&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& they
will die.&&&&&& A．but &&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．so&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．otherwise&&&&&&& D．and40、We played outside till sunset &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& it
began to rain.&&&&&& A．when&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．while&&&&&&&&&&&&& C．yet&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．so三、改错：41、Although he has great learning, but he always works far into the
night.42、Because the boy is very naughty, so I’m angry with him.43、Not only he himself works hard but he often helps others.44、It must have rained much of late, because the river is so high.45、They didn’t tell me whether I should write to him nor whether I
should see him personally.46、If there were no plants, we would have no animals or no meat.47、Now of course I don’t want to say anything bad about anyone however
have you noticed his strange manners?48、 “I’m more thankful to you, sir, than I can say” I said, “ and but I
must make things clear.”49、He neither knows nor cares for what happened.50、He did not like your suggestion, and but he raised no objection(反对).【答案】：一、1、or&&&&&&&&&&& 2、and&&&&&&&&& 3、still / yet&&&&&&&&& 4、when, or&&&&&&&& 5、but&&&&&& 6、for&&&&&&&&&& 7、when 8、while&&&&&&& 9、Either, or&&&&&&& 10、however&&&&&& 11、Not only, but&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 12、so&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 13、therefore&&&&&& 14、nor&&&&&& 15、or二、16、D&&&&&&&&&& 17、B&&&&&&&&&&& 18、D&&&&&&&&&& 19、A&&&&&&&&&& 20、C&&&&&&&&&& 21、A&&&&&& 22、C&&&&&&&&&& 23、A&&&&&&&&&& 24、A&&&&&&&&&& 25、D&&&&&&&&&& 26、B&&&&&&&&&&& 27、D&&&&&& 28、A&&&&&&&&&& 29、A&&&&&&&&&& 30、C&&&&&&&&&& 31、B&&&&&&&&&&& 32、B&&&&&&&&&&& 33、C&&&&&& 34、A&&&&&&&&&& 35、B&&&&&&&&&&& 36、D&&&&&&&nbs
四、在定语从句中，许多人往往分不清all that 和what,what 实际上只引导名词性从句，它相当于all that两个字，例如：定&&&语&&从&&&句（人）在从句中做主语或宾语&&&物在从句中做主语或宾语&&&who&&&&&which&This is the doctor who saved the boy’s
life .这就是救了孩子生命的医生。She is the new student whom I want to
introduce to you .她就是我要介绍给你的新学生Please pass me the book which is lying
on the table.请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。The novel which Tom bought is very
interesting.汤姆买的小说很有意思。Can you lend me the magazine about
which you talked yesterday?你能把昨天谈到的那本杂志借给我吗？who在从句中做主语whom在从句中做宾语，口语中who可以代替whom，也可以被省去，但做介词宾语时只能用whom&&which在从句中做主语。which充当宾语时可以省去。&&which做介词宾语不可省&&&种类先行词关联词例&&&& 句说&& 明&
&&定语从句&&人或物的whoseThe professor whose daughter teaches
you English is Dr. Williams那位教授是威廉斯他的女儿教你英语。The professor, the daughter of whom
teaches you English is Dr. Williams. The bike whose brake was damaged has
now been repaired.那辆坏了闸的自行车现在已经修好了。=The bike the brake of which was
damaged has now been repaired&whose在从句中做定语指某人的也可以用…of
whom代替whose&指物时也可以用…of
which 代替 whose&&
&&人&或thatThe woman that is playing the piano is
Miss Zhang.正在弹钢琴的那位妇女是张小姐。I’d like to see the films that are
just on show.我想看那些刚上映的电影。that指人做主语&&that指物做主语&
种类先行词关联词例&&&&&&& 句说&& 明&&物&all, little much和some,any every ,no 构成的合成代词&人或物&&&&that&&&&&&&that&&They talked for about an hour of
things and& persons that they
remember in the school. 他们谈起他们所记得起的学校里的人和事，谈了大约有半个小时。I’ll tell you all(that )I know about
it .我要告诉你我所知道这件事的一切情况。Is there anything (that) I can do for
you?有什么我可以帮助做的事吗？I’ve brought everything (that )you
need.我把你需要的东西都拿来了。&&This is the best film that I have seen
.这是我看过的最好的一部电影。The first place that we’ll visit is Beijing Library.我们要参观的第一个地方是北京图书馆先行词分别表示人和物，关系代词要用that，不用who或which先行词表示物，关系代词用that不用which, 在从句中做宾语可省去 。如果先行词是人时，关系代词不受制约，用that或who (whom)均可&&先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时定语从句用that引导。&
&定&语&从&句&&人&&&或&&物thatHe is the only person that is believable.他是唯一可靠的人。John is the very person that she wants
to see.约翰正是她要见的人。Who is the man that is talking with
Tom ?正在和汤姆谈话的人是谁？Which of the books that you bought is
easy to read?你买的那些书中哪一本容易读。先行词被the
only, the very,the same 等修饰时用关系代词that.&&当主句以who、which开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句要用that&&时&间whenHe came at a time when we. needed him
most.他在我们最需要的时候来了。We’ll never forget the day when the
People’s Republic of China
was founded.我们永远不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的那一天。在定语从句中作时间状语&&&&&& 注：先行词是time, minute, moment, next tim很少用关系副词when,可用that 但通常省去。&地点whereThis is the room where he put up for
the night.这就是他渡过夜晚的那房子。在定语从句中作地点状语原因理由whyI know the reason why she studies so
well .我知道她学习好的原因。在定语从句中作原因状语&（2）非限制性定语从句种类先行词关联词例&&&& 句说&& 明&&&&&
非&限&制&性&定&语&从&句
人&&&&&&&物&&没有固定的先行词而是一个句子&whowhom&&&&&&which&&&which&&&&asGeorge ,who is my classmate, has won a
scholarship.乔治获得了奖学金，他是我的同学。Dr. Li , whom I know very well, will
come here tomorrow.李大夫明天将来这儿，我跟他很熟悉。I gave him a New Year card ,which he
enjoyed very much.我给他一张贺年卡，他很喜欢它。He studies hard at school when he was
young, which leads to his success in his later life .他年轻时在校学习努力，这导致了他后来生活中的成功。He gets up early ，as is always his habit.他总是早起床，这是他的习惯。John was admitted into the college, as
we had expected.约翰被大学录取了，这是我们期待的。The earth ,as is known to all ,is
round.人人皆知，地球是圆的。&who, whom不能省去，也不能用that代替&&&&&&which指物，不可省去，也不能用that代替&&which作主语指它前面的整个句子，不可用that代替，强调结果。&&&as指全句，在从句中做主语。&&as指全句意思，在从句中做宾语。&&as引导的定语从句可以放在句首，句中或句末。&&&&&&This is the same book as I lost
yesterday.这本书与我昨天丢失的那本书一样。用于the same… as, such… as ,as…as等结构中。&（3）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别&限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句从句与先行词的关系从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整标& 点从句和主句之间不用逗号分开从句和主句之间通常用逗号分开关系代词指人who (that) whom指物which (that)人和物whose关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去指人who（作主语）whom（做宾语）指物which人和物的whose关系代词一般不可省修饰从句只修饰一个名词或代词可以修饰一个名词或代词也可修饰整个主句翻译定语从句译在被修饰词的前面定语从句通常被译成另一个独立的句子【专项训练】&&&&&& 1．Football &&&&&&&&is
a very interesting game , is played all over the world．&&&&&& A．that &&&&&&&&&&&&& B．which&&&&& C．it &&&&&&&&&& D．who&&&&&& 2．Is there anything else &&&&&&&&&you
require?&&&&&& A．which&&&&&&&&&&&& B．that&&&& C．who&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．what&&&&&& 3．The last place&&&&&&& we
visited was the Great Wall．&&&&&& A．which&&&&&&&&&&&& B．that&&&&&&&&
C．where &&&&&&&& D．it &&&&&& 4．He talked happily about the men and
books&&&&&&
interested him greatly in the school．&&&&&& A．which&&&&& B．who&&&&&& C．it& && D．that&&&&&& 5．The reailway tunnel,though&&&&&&& the
train goes, will be completed soon．&&&&&& A．which &&&&&&&&&& B．that&&&&& C．it&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．whom&&&&&& 6．His uncle works in a factory&&&&&&& bicycles
are made．&&&&&& A．that &&&&&&&&&&&&& B．which &&&&C．where &&&&&&& D．there&&&&&& 7．There is no dictionary &&&&&&&&&you
can find everything．&&&&&& A．that&&&&&&&& B．which&&&&&& C．where &&&&&&&&&&& D．in that&&&&&& 8．Next month, &&&&&&&&you’ll
spend in your hometown is coming．&&&&&& A．which&&&&& B．that&&&&&&& C．when&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．where&&&&&& 9．Next month,&&&&& &&&&&you’ll be in
your hometown is coming．&&&&&& A．which&&&&& B．that&&&& C．when&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．where&&&&&& 10．I often thought of my childhood ,&&&&&&&&
I lived on a farm．&&&&&& A．which&&&&& B．where&&&&&&&&&
C．when&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．who&&&&&& 11．He wanted to know the time &&&&&&&&&&he
needed to know ．&&&&&& A．that&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．when&&&&&&& C．where&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．what&&&&&& 12．There isn’t so much noise in the
country &&&&&&&&&&in
big cities．&&&&&& A．that&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．which&&&&&&&&
C．where&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．as &&&&&& 13．They could only read such stories &&&&&&&&&&&had
been rewritten in simple English ．&&&&&& A．that&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．which&&&&& C．as &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．what&&&&&& 14．The stems of bamboo are hollow&&&&&&&&&&
makes them very light．&&&&&& A．which&&&&& B．as &&&&C．that&&&&&&&&&&& D．it&&&&&& 15．Crusoe’s dog hecame ill and died , &&&&&&&&&made
him very lonely ．&&&&&& A．as &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．which&&&&& C．that&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．this&&&&&& 16．They’ve invited me to their party ,
&&&&&&&&&is
kind of them．&&&&&& A．as &&&&&&& B．which&&&&&& C．That&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．this&&&&&& 17．&&&&&&&&&
we know now ,bats come out only at night ．&&&&&& A．As &&&&&&&& B．Which &&&&C ．That&&&&&&&& D．What&&&&&& 18．John got beaten in the game ,&&&&&&& had
been expected ．&&&&&& A．as &&&&&&&&& B．that&&&& C．what&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．who&&&&&& 19．&&&&&&&&
has been said above ,grammar is a set of
dead rules．&&&&&& A．Which&&&&&&&&&&& B．What&&&&&& C．That&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．As &&&&&& 20．Do you know the reason &&&&&&&&&&he
was late?&&&&&& A．that&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．which&&&&&&& C．for what&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D．for which&&&&&& 21．He built a telescope &&&&&&&&&he
could study the skies．&&&&&& A．in which &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B．with that&&&& C．through which && D．by it &&&&&& 22．I have bought two ballpens ,&&&&&&&&&&
writes well ．&&&&&& A．none of which &&&&& B．neither of which &&&C．none of them &&&&&&&&&& D．neither of them&&&&&& 23．There are two thousand students in
our school , &&&&&&&&&are
girls ．&&&&&& A．of whom two thirds B．two -thirds of them &&C．two -third in them &&&& &D．two -thirds in which &&&&&& 24．Do you know the man &&&&&&&&&?&&&&&& A．whom I spoke &&&&& B．to who I spoke &&&C．I spoke to &&&&&&&&&&& D．that I& s}