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教科外〔号
官方公共微信From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Yinchuan is the capital of the
Autonomous Region, , and former capital of the
Empire of the . It has an area of 4,467 km2 (1,725 sq mi) and a total population of 1.99 million. Its built up area is home to 1,290,170 inhabitants spread on three urban districts. The name of the city literally means "silver river"; the character for "river" (: 川; : chuān) is the same as that in , but not as those in, for example, the
(simplified Chinese: 黄河; traditional Chinese: 黃河; pinyin: Huánghé) or
(simplified Chinese: 长江; traditional Chinese: 長江; pinyin: Chángjiāng).
Thanks to the Yellow River, Yinchuan enjoys beautiful natural scenery and favorable conditions for agriculture and has long earned the fame of a "River Side City in the Northwest" and "Home to Fishes and Rice". Yinchuan is now the permanent site for China-Arab Expo which is an international platform for cultural and economic exchanges between China and Arab countries.
Yinchuan originally was a
(county) under the name of Fuping in the 1st century BC; its name was changed to Huaiyuan in the 6th century AD. After the fall of the
in 907, it was occupied by the
, of which it was the capital. After the destruction of the Xi-Xia dynasty by the
in 1227, Yinchuan was mercilessly pillaged by the Mongols with its population totally slaughtered. The Mongols called the city Iryai. Under the
() dynasties, it was a
of . In 1928, when the province of Ningxia was formed from part of , it became the capital city. In 1954, when Ningxia province was abolished, the city was put in G but, with the establishment of the Ningxia Hui autonomous region in 1958, Yinchuan once again became the capital. Genghis Khan died here in 1227, in a battle.[]
Traditionally, Yinchuan was an administrative and commercial center. In the 1950s it had many commercial enterprises, and there were some handicrafts but no modern industry. The city has since grown considerably. Extensive coal deposits discovered on the eastern bank of the , near , 100 km (62 mi) to the north, have made Shizuishan a coal-mining center.
Yinchuan, however, remains largely non-industrial. The immediate plains area, intensively irrigated by a system developed as long ago as the
(206 BC–AD 220) and
(618–907) dynasties, is extremely productive. Yinchuan is the chief agricultural market and distribution center for this area and also deals in animal products from the herds tended by nomads in the surrounding grasslands. It is a market for grain and has flour mills, as well as rice-hulling and oil-extraction plants. The wool produced in the surrounding plains supplies a woolen-textile mill. Yinchuan is a center for the Muslim () minority peoples, who constitute a third of the population. Yinchuan currently serves as a major trade route between Western cities such as ?rümqi and the East.
On 23 July 1993 an
that was attempting its second take-off veered off the runway, crashed into a lake, at least 59 of the 113 persons aboard the craft were killed.
Satellite image of Yinchuan
Yinchuan lies in the middle of the Yinchuan or . It is sheltered from the deserts of Mongolia by the high ranges of the
to its west. The Yellow River runs through Yinchuan from southwest to northeast. The average elevation of Yinchuan is 1,100 meters (about 3,608 feet). The urban center of Yinchuan lies about halfway between the Yellow River and the edge of Helan Mountains.
Yinchuan has a cold
( BWk) with an annual rainfall of 186 mm (7.32 in). Yinchuan has distinct seasons, with dry, cold winters, late springs and short summers. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from -7.9 °C (17.8 °F) in January to 23.5 °C (74.3 °F) in July, with the annual mean at 9.00 °C (48.2 °F). Diurnal temperature variation tends to be large due to the aridity, which also partly contributes
with monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 63 percent in three months to 71 percent in November, the city receives 2,906 hours of bright sunshine annually. There are 158 frost-free days.
Climate data for Yinchuan ()
Average high °C (°F)
Average low °C (°F)
mm (inches)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)
Mean monthly
Source: China Meteorological Administration
Simplified Chinese
Hanyu Pinyin
Population
Area (km?)
Density (/km?)
City proper
Xīngqìng Qū
Jīnfèng Qū
Xīxià Qū
Satellite cities
Língwǔ Shì
Yǒngníng Xiàn
Hèlán Xiàn
The city's gross domestic product per capita was ?31,436 (US$4,526) in 2008, ranking 197th of 659 Chinese cities. Its main industries are the production of Chinese , wheat, apple, rice, and wine.[] In 2010, Yinchuan is officially assignment as the site for China-Arab States Cooperation Forum. It provides great opportunities for Yinchuan to develop as the business center for China and Arab States. In the national level, Yinchuan has been holding various events such as China-Arab States Expo, to function as a business bridge between China and Arab States.
Yinchuan Railroad station
Yinchuan is located near the western bank of the upper course of the , near the western end of the
in the south-central section of the
It is served by . It is 25 km (16 mi) from Yinchuan and has flights to Beijing, Chengdu, Dunhuang, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Xian, and Zhengzhou. Recently, flights have been introduced to Dubai by Sichuan Airlines and by early May, Emirates will be serving Yinchuan and flying onto Zhengzhou
It is served by a river port at , about 15 km (9.3 mi) to the east. Until the 1950s the river, which is navigable downstream as far as
autonomous region and upstream to
and , was the chief communication link.
Highways also link the city to Baotou along the river, to
in Gansu province to the southwest, to
in Gansu to the west, and to
in Shaanxi province to the southeast.
Since 1958 the city has been on the railway from Lanzhou to Baotou and is thus linked to other parts of China by rail.
A mosque in Yinchuan, .
Yinchun Drum Tower
The city's attractions include the Sand-lake, the , and the China Western film Studios.
Sand Lake is 35 miles north of Yinchuan. Being a world of desert and lake, it is an ideal place for bird watching, sand slide and cableway slide. Appreciating reeds, lotus and fish are also popular.
The Western Xia Imperial Tombs are 15.5 miles west of Yinchuan on east side of Mt. Helan. Since June 1972, nine imperial tombs and 253 lesser tombs have been unearthed, which are as grand as Ming Tombs in Beijing. With a total area of more than 19.3 square miles, it is unique among royal burials.
China West Film Studio，which has been famed as 'One Superb in China, and Treasure of Ningxia Province'，is located at the east foot of the magnificent Helanshan Mountain，25 kilometers away from the Railway Station 0f Yinchuan City,48 kilometers away from the Hedong Airport. It produced , , , , , ,
and other nearly one hundred films.
There are two pagodas in Yinchuan that are part of the 'Eight Famous Scenery of Ningxia': one is the Haibao Pagoda in the northern suburb and the other is the Chengtiansi Pagoda in the west.
It is also possible to see parts of the Great Wall which are located near the city.
Since 2000, Yinchuan has hosted the annual Yinchuan International Car and Motorcycle Tourism Festival, which usually occurs in August. It is the largest event of its kind in C approximately 3000 motorcycles attend annually.
The West Movie Studio in suburb of Yinchuan
(Press release). Foreign Investment Administration, . . Wang Rugui, Mayor of Yinchuan on behalf of the CPC Committee of Yinchuan and the municipal government expressed the warm congratulation to [sic] the start of the project.
. PRC Central Government Official Website.
银川市统计局 (29 December 2011). . 银川统计信息网 (in Chinese). 银川市第六次全国人口普查领导小组办公室 2015.
Jack Weatherford Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World, p.85
(1999). . Cambridge, Massachusetts: . p. 256.  .
Boland-Crewe, T Lea, David, eds. (2002). . London: . p. 215.  .
(in Chinese). .
Wikimedia Commons has media related to .
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for .
Major cities along the
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