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Queen Mary 2
世界上最大的游轮Queen Mary 2 Leaves on Maiden Voyage
The world's largest cruise ship , Queen Mary 2, set sail
for the United States on its maiden voyage Monday,
carrying 2,600 passengers who paid up to ,000 for the
privilege .
The 150,000-ton Cunard Line
vessel left the southern English port of Southampton on the 14-day journey to Fort Lauderdale, Fla. , its first voyage with fare-paying
passengers.
Although Cunard has denied reports of a terrorist threat against the vessel, security was tight and police maintained a high profile.
The maiden departure, marked by fireworks and a brass band, was an hour late.
"There was significantly more baggage than we anticipated," Cunard Line president Pamela Conover said, explaining the delay.
As a small flotilla
of boats turned out to watch the giant liner pull away, passengers lining the ship's balconies waved Union Jack flags and threw streamers .
Ceremonies welcoming the vessel to Southampton on Dec. 26 were subdued out of respect for those killed when a gangway
collapsed Nov. 15 at the shipyard
in St. Nazaire, France, where the ship was built.
Thousands of people watched last week as Queen Elizabeth II officially launched the billion ship, which is named for her grandmother Queen Mary, wife of King George V, who reigned from 1910 to 1936.
The new cruise liner took more than five years to build. It is 1,138 feet long and 238 feet high -
cruise ship: 游船
maiden voyage: 处女航
privilege : 特别待遇
Cunard Line: 卡那海运 公司
Fort Lauderdale: 劳德戴 尔堡
Fla. : Florida,美国佛 罗里达州
brass band: 铜管乐队
flotilla : 小型船队
pull away: 离开
Union Jack: 英国国旗
streamer : 彩色纸带
gangway : 悬梯
shipyard : 造船厂
planetarium : 天文馆
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The husband of Queen Elizabeth II is ______. A.Prince Andrew B.Prince PhilipC.Prince CharlesD.Prince William正确答案及相关解析
正确答案 B
解析 ...Queen Mary 2 Leaves on Maiden Voyage The world's largest cruise note: ship, Queen Mary 2, set sail for the United States on its cruise ship: 游船...伊丽莎白二世(Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II ),原名伊丽莎 白·亚历山德拉·玛丽·温莎(Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor) ? 现任英国君主,英国、英联邦及15个成员... Queen Elizabeth II_英语学习_外语学习_教育专区。2007年畅销读本 华为的人力资源管理创新华为系列 3 全方位解码华为经营管理智慧 企业就是要发展一批 狼有三大特性...School of Electronic Engineering & Computer Science 2008 2 AJP ? Queen Mary, University of London 2007 1 ELEM-032 Digital Broadcasting - Introduction ...QUEEN ELIZABETH II CONTENTS ?● Person Introduction ● Marriage and family ● Reign ● Diamond Jubilee PERSON INTRODUCTION ?Elizabeth II, born April 21, ... 27页 2财富值 搜集的英语专业考研经验 65页 免费如要投诉违规内容,请到百度文库投诉中心;如要提出功能问题或意见建议,请点击此处进行反馈。...新编大学英语第二版第二册Unit_3_Book_2_法语学习_外语学习_教育专区。新编...Taiwanese pop queen Amei Chang (Zhang Huimei) showed potential for becoming...Queen Elizabeth II_英语学习_外语学习_教育专区。英女王跻身“全球最具魅力女性”排行榜 Vogue says Queen Elizabeth II among world's most glamorous [ 2007-11...Queen Elizabeth II_法律资料_人文社科_专业资料。Queen Elizabeth II Early Life Young Princess Elizabeth ? Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary was bor ...Queen Mary 2 Leaves on Maiden VoyageThe world's largest cruise note: ship, Queen Mary 2, set sail for the United States on its cruise ship: 游船 maiden voyage: 处女航 maiden voyage Monday, privilege: 特别待遇 carrying 2,600 passengers who paid up to ,000 for the Cunard Line: 卡那海运 privilege. 公司 The 150,000-ton Cunard Line Fort Lauderdale: 劳德戴 vessel left the southern English port of Southampton on the 14-day journey to Fort Lauderdale, 尔堡 Fla. : Florida，美国佛 Fla., its first voyage with fare-paying 罗里达州 passengers. Although Cunard has denied reports of a terrorist threat against the vessel, security was tight and police maintained a high profile. The maiden departure, marked by fireworks and a brass band, was an hour late. &There was significantly more baggage than we anticipated,& Cunard Line president Pamela Conover said, explaining the delay.brass band:铜管乐队小型船队 pull away: 离开 As a small flotilla of boats turned out to watch the Union Jack: 英国国旗 giant liner pull away, passengers lining the ship's streamer: 彩色纸带 balconies waved Union Jack flags and threw streamers. gangway: 悬梯 Ceremonies welcoming the vessel to Southampton on shipyard: 造船厂 Dec. 26 were subdued out of respect for those killed when a gangway collapsed Nov. 15 at the shipyard in St. Nazaire, France, where the ship was built. Thousands of people watched last week as Queen Elizabeth II officially launched the billion ship, which is named for her grandmother Queen Mary, wife of King George V, who reigned from 1910 to 1936. The new cruise liner took more than five years to build. It is 1,138 feet long and 238 feet high planetarium:flotilla:天文馆as tall as a 21-story building. It will take over the trans-Atlantic duties of the Queen Elizabeth 2 ocean liner. Its 2,600 passengers will have the run of six restaurants, five swimming pools, an art gallery and a movie theater that doubles as a planetarium. Fares for Queen Mary 2's fully booked maiden voyage from Southampton to Fort Lauderdale, began at ,400 per person for 14 nights and rose to ,310. Cunard Lines belongs to the U.S. company Carnival, but sails under the British flag. The Queen Mary 2's reign as the world's biggest ocean liner is expected to be brief.Queen Mary 2
The most important reason for the QM2 fame is because she is the only ship that can be properly named an ocean liner
Queen Mary 2
The most important reason for the QM2 fame is because she is the only ship that can be properly named an ocean liner
Arturo Paniagua Mazorra (September 14, 2004)
An Ocean Liner
On the 8th January 2004, Queen Elizabeth II christened in Southampton the Queen Mary 2, the new transatlantic liner operated by the old British ship owner Cunard. The ceremony was the culmination of the presentation of the ship, in which Cunard showed the QM2 to more than 15.000 people. In a year which will see fifteen new cruise ships, six of them of post panamax size, the delivery of the QM2 has received unprecedented media coverage, regenerating in the new XXI century, the liner media protagonism which existed with her "old mates" of the thirties: the first Queen Mary, the Normandie, the Rex, etc.
The QM2 has justifiably become a star.
In May 1969, two months after the Concorde's first flight, Cunard showed the new Queen Elizabeth 2 gracefully make her way into New York harbour for the first time. Everyone assumed that this sleek new flagship of the Cunard Line would be the last great ocean liner ever built.
But she wasn't.
Three decades later, and when the age of supersonic flight that is over with the recent retirement of the Concorde, the "ocean liners", oddly enough, live on. The new $800 million Queen Mary 2, will take over trans-Atlantic duties from the Queen Elizabeth 2 next April.
The most important reason for the QM2 fame is because she is the only ship that can be properly named an ocean liner. She is not a conventional cruise ship, because is able to sail in North Atlantic waters, facing the bad weather and gales found in those latitudes, while delivering a fast and pleasant voyage to the passengers. Built for this route QM2 has cost Cunard a budget increment of almost a 40 %, compared to a conventional cruise ship.
The QM2 delivery also marks the cruise ship resurrection after the 11th September 2001. The Queen Mary 2 was ordered before that tragic date, and some analysts put in doubt the viability during the following months after the WTC attacks. But thanks to the vision and ambition of the Carnival Corporation we can look ahead to arguably the most significant debut since the original Queen Mary herself in 1934.
Back then, in an era characterised by the Depression, her launch marked a period of re-birth and national pride.
Today, the Queen Mary 2, with her huge size and many novelties has become the cruise industry's bold new frontier, the new model pattern in an age otherwise exemplified by anonymous newbuilds. However, the cruise offers increased by 11 % in 2003, and in the year 2004 will grow an additional eight per cent.
The prices are recuperating, and there is almost unanimity in auguring a splendid 2004 for the industry...after the Queen Mary 2' effect.
Genesis of a Giant
The delivery of the QM2 was the last milestone for the revival of Cunard. In the nineties, Cunard had had a succession of owners, Trafalgar House, Kvaerner, etc. whose core business was not the operation of cruise ships, or even the ship owning industry.
The consequences were an erratic management, which offered a diffuse product, with a mix of ultra de luxe small yacht-like Sea Goddess twins, with the tradition of the Queen Elizabeth 2, and, at times, with mass market built cruise ships like the Cunard Countess.
In April 1998 Carnival Corp, together with a group of Norwegian investors, bought Cunard to the Anglo-Norwegian industrial group Kvaerner for $496 millions. Without this money, it's doubtful if Cunard would have survived. A month later, Cunard Line become Cunard Ltd. and merged in that company the fleets of Seabourn and Cunard itself, creating the big worldwide operator of deluxe cruises.
In that time, the Carnival' share in Cunard Line was of 68 %. In 8 June, 1998 the Project Queen Mary was announced, a two year study about the construction of the next generation of passenger ships for Cunard. The British naval architect Stephen Payne headed this project. But behind this project was Micky Arison, the owner of Carnival Corp.
His dream was to build the biggest ocean liner ever built, and Cunard was the instrument of his ambition.
But Carnival soon reorganized her luxury branch. Her yacht like ships, the three original Seabourn ships, plus the two Sea Goddesses, and the Royal Viking Sun were integrated under the Seabourn branch umbrella, while the Cunard branch was configured around the transatlantic tradition, with a two ship fleet: the Queen Elizabeth 2 and the Vistafjord, which was christened Caronia and registered under the British flag.
The first consequence was that, for first time in many years, Cunard were offering a homogeneous product, based in the solid maritime tradition of decades, in the English refinement, and in the romanticism of the transatlantic crossing.
A year later, October 20 1999, Carnival bought the 100 % of Cunard Line, and began to rebuild it as the cruise line of distinction.
At that time Cunard lived in a contradictory way: it held a notable commercial activity, her own name, but owned two ships more than 25 years old, with a prestigious name and history, but with some installations and cabins out of the cruise market.
It was necessary to associate newly the Cunard branch with the opulence of the ocean liners of the first half of the XX century. Then, was the time when the decision to build the Queen Mary 2 was taken. The dream of Micky Arison, the owner of Carnival Corp. to build the biggest passenger ship of the history, began to become a reality.
But the renovation of the Cunard fleet is not finishing with the Queen Mary 2. Cunard was the first operator that signed a construction contract for a cruise ship after the September 11th 2001 events. On the 14th December that year, Carnival Corp. signed an agreement with Fincantieri to transform a Holland America Line hull to a Cunard cruise ship, with delivery in January 2005. On 31st March 2003, Cunard announced that the new ship would be christened Queen Victory.
The keel laying of this ship which will substitute for Caronia when delivered, was made last July 12th, the same day that the Oosterdam was delivered to HAL. But late April, Cunard ordered a bigger and more luxury Queen Victoria in Fincantieri. And the former one will be delivered as scheduled to P&O as Arcadia.
Construction of the Queen Mary 2
The first job of building the QM2 was to tender it to the shipyards. This operation began in June 1999. Already at that moment, Cunard knew that the ship would be the most expensive ever built.
The European shipyards, specialist in this type of ships, had then an extensive order book. This was the reason for the rumour that the QM2 would be build in a Far East yard. In 8th. November 1999, plans were drawn up for the QM2.
Eventually the order was a duel between Harland & Wolf, the company that built the Titanic in the Belfast yards (now closed), and the French shipyard Alstom Chantiers de l'Atlantique.
In the event, she was built in France because the British yard couldn't handle such a huge order. The Alstom large experience in building this type of ships, and her financial solvency, convinced Cunard to sign a letter of intent to build the Queen Mary 2 on March 10th. 2000 with the French shipyard.
However, difficulties in the project definition meant that the signing of the definitive contract in Paris had to be delayed until November 6th of that year.
The price of the ship was $780 millions, the biggest ever paid for a merchant ship. The interior design was unveiled in London.
But if this figure is divided by the number of lower berths,2600, the resulting figure is almost $300.000. This figure, which serves to compare the construction prices between cruise ships, is just double that found on Voyager of the Seas, Grand Princess or Carnival Conquest, all prototypes of post-panamax size vessels built in the last years.
Furthermore, those ships have been series built, which has permitted the owner to split the project cost between several vessels. Only some ultra de-luxe ships, as the Silver Whisper and Silver Shadow twins, that cost $150 millions each, and contain only 388 berths, have been more expensive to build per lower berth (around $380.000).
In February 2001, the tank tests of the QM2 model were successfully carried out in Holland.
The Queen Mary 2 construction began on 16th January 2002, when Pam Conover, the Cunard president, started the steel cutting. On June 11th, 2002, the maiden voyage date (12 Jan, 2004) was announced. On 4th July the first block was lowered to the building dock, and only one month later on August 8th, 2002, the first block of QM2 was floated out and moved to the second position in the building dock.
On the 1st. December 2002, the hull was floated out to the deeper end of the building dock, and on March 12th 2003, the funnel was placed on site, and this finalized the steel work on the building dock. On March 16th, the Queen Mary 2 left the building dock for the fitting out basin.
The first sea trials took place in the last days of September, and were repeated in November. In December, in a workers family's visit to the shipyard, a gangway collapsed and 16 people died, as well as some serious injuries.
At last, only 38 months after the signing of the firm contract and after less than two years of construction and fitting out, an extraordinary feat for the shipyard, the QM2 was delivered on the 22nd December in St. Nazaire. The France, for example, was built in five years and six months.
QM2 sailed to Vigo the next day to make dock trials on Christmas day. And, at last, on the 26th December she arrived at the home port of Southampton. From there she made three skeleton cruises with Cunard employees in the New Year.
Then on the 8th. January 2004 Queen Elizabeth II christened QM2. Her first cruise, a 14 day transatlantic trip, began on the 12th January in Southampton, with calls in Las Palmas and Santa Cruz de Tenerife, and finally in Fort Lauderdale on 26th January.
The Largest Ship of the World
The QM2 size is actually colossal: she is 150.000 gross tons, double the size of the old Queen Elizabeth 2, or more than the four cruise ships of the 2004 fleet of the Spanish operator Pullmantur. The exterior is outstanding because of her 62 meters air draft.
Maybe, the size of the QM2 tunes best with her base port in the other side of the Atlantic, New York. In fact, her air draft is limited because she must pass under the Verrazzano Bridge, in the entrance channel of the skyscraper city, and only has three meter of clearance.
The old Queen Elizabeth 2 had 15 meters clearance.
The QM2 size was due to three motives: technical, commercial and marketing. Technically speaking, Cunard decided that the Queen Mary 2 should be constructed completely in steel (the Queen Elizabeth 2, for example, has her five upper decks built in aluminium) and the best manner to counteract the great weight is to increase the breadth.
Furthermore, the need of a fine hull to reduce the resistance for a ship of
great length.
From commercial point of view, Cunard needed a ship with a capacity of over 2.500 passengers, and also a relative high gt/pax ratio was required for a luxurious experience. So, the economics of the project demanded that QM2 could not be smaller than QE2.
Both facts meant a big ship was needed.
The QM2 gt/pax ratio is 57.25,
50 % more that in the post panamax type Carnival Destiny cruise vessels, and 30 % more than in the mega ships of the Voyager of the Seas class.
Finally, the media impact to own the largest ship of the world (not to mention a certain drive to be the biggest of them all, topping rivals Royal Caribbean) was a very important factor.
The hull is maybe the most impressive part of the Queen Mary 2.
Accustomed to the typical white hulls of the Caribbean cruise ships, the immense black hull of the new Cunarder will be, without doubt, one of her identity' signs. This hull, designed and built for the North Atlantic run is different from various points of view. It is higher than the conventional cruise ships, better suited for Mediterranean and Caribbean sailings.
Thus, the height from the keel to the free board deck forward is over 22 meters. The steel work, which is composed of 300.000 metallic pieces and weighs 50.000 tons, was grouped in 94 blocks, some of them of 600 tons weight. This made necessary 15.000 kilometers of welding, completed in less than a year, to build the ship. Furthermore, the hull has strength well ahead of the norm, which means than in some areas steel of 10 millimetres of thickness was used and is designed with a fatigue life of 40 years, 10 more than a normal cruise ship.
The paint used on the hull is ecological, TBT free.
The fine bow section of the Queen Mary 2 derives from the designed thirty years for her predecessor QE2. It's designed for operation of the ship at a speed of 26 knots, while keeping adequate stability at the waterline. Aft, the hull has a Constanzi form, a combined transom and cruiser stern, utilized for the first time in the Oceanic and Eugenio C, in the middle sixties.
This choice produces an additional buoyancy.
Another interesting detail is the position of the lifeboats. The rules state that they are located 15 meters maximum from the waterline. In the QM2, however, are situated at 27 meters, thanks to an exemption due to weather conditions in the North Atlantic. This fact also assumes that the hull seems yet larger. In the forecastle, the Queen Mary 2 is fitted with a whaleback breakwater identical to the Normandie's one. Also the promenade deck forward is sheltered as on the Rotterdam (V).
The cabins, as a white block of apartments, are all located in the superstructure, on top of the hull. This choice has permitted the change of the traditional 'cow eyes' of the old Queen Elizabeth 2 to balconies. And of course, the great red funnel, with the unmistakable traditional colour of Cunard, which crowns the centre of the ship.
Not a Thematic Ship
Inside, there are also places where to check the magnitude of the QM2: the theater, the main restaurant.. I had only a day to visit the QM2, that is a scarce time to see thirteen passenger decks and over 39.000 m2. But the first impression is that Cunard has not been stingy with the QM2.
Her size is just the double of ships that transport the same number of passengers. As a consequence, it is possible to feel solitude on deck, while her ample salons absorb well the passenger load and the circulation is always fluid in the wide passageways.
The roof is high in the public room decks (3,5 meters), well ahead of the 2,5 meter standard, this also helps in this roomy feeling.
Another QM2 novelty is that the interior decoration doesn't have any theme. Today it is a novelty that something related with the tourism or vocational industry is not "thematic".
The cruise ships haven't avoided this trend, and almost every new building has part (or all) of the decoration inspirated in a "theme".
The Egyptian sphinxes, Burma temples, golden elephants, etc. are usual motives on today cruise ships. And, of course, there are some cruise ships with heavy "Las Vegas" influences.
But the Queen Mary 2 inside decoration is different. Cunard split the commission between two design teams: the British DesignTeam, which had 20 % of the work, and the Swedish Tillberg Design, which had 80 %.
Both have given this ship their own personality that displays in almost all the areas an atmosphere always elegant and discreet, very British, without any detail or colour combination which can be called extravagant, in which any European can feel comfortable.
Don't forget that there is little that is British in Queen Mary 2: her owners are US she was built in France, and has an international crew. But the English flavour which one waits to find in a Cunard ship are found in her British complement of officers, that serves a mainly American clientele (50 % passenger load), combined with a notable 40 % of British passengers and the balance of other nationalities奱nd also in the atmosphere found on board. Logically, the English operator has wanted to care of her own national market.
The Cunard maritime tradition, and the British Royal family portraits are other constants on board, as well a huge collection of art works selected by Art&Enterprise, with a value of & 5 millions and composed of over 300 pieces.
The layout of the decks show a genuine appreciation of the true liner style, with less emphasis to show the ship' size (for example, with multi deck atriums) and more accent on a series of well balanced public rooms, which provide a relaxed choice for the six consecutive days at sea on the transatlantic run.
Particularly interesting is the decoration of the hallways between the Britannia dining room and the atrium, with large metallic murals of diverse themes.
Curiously the mural dedicated to the United States has a lot of typical North American icons (red skins, baseball, etc), but also a discreet reference to the Simpson family. But the ship is so big that, in some forward corridors, the decorators used (I think the true word is "abused"), old photos of Cunarders, or other old ocean liners, to decorate the ship.
The use of laminated surfaces in certain zones also should have been limited, particularly when in other spaces the designers had made splendid use of wooden veneers (the library is a fine example).
The QM2 Lay Out
In the modern cruise ships, the salons and public rooms generally are located on two or three inside decks, the lower ones for passenger use, where the passenger finds almost all of the amenities used mainly in the afternoon and night time. While the two upper decks have concentrated outdoor activities, such as pools, buffet, etc.
The lay out of the Queen Mary 2 is different. It is very similar to the old Canberra, of P&O, though also has influences of her predecessor the Queen Elizabeth 2. The designers have kept on the two lower decks a lot of public spaces (theater, cinema, main dining room, etc), which exploit here all of the hull's breadth, and
also have introduced an intermediate deck for public use, the number 7, placed between cabin decks.
This deck 7, the first of the superstructure, is also the boat deck, and houses the buffet and the spa, two places that in conventional cruise ships are located in a higher position. It also serves as a promenade deck, as in the old ocean liners, though will surely be used also as a jogging track.
A complete circuit of this deck is supposedly a walk of 620 meters, all teak decked, with plenty of typical wooden made lounge chairs of ocean liners. The forward part this deck is sheltered, as in the old Rotterdam of Holland America Line.
In this zone, two doors permit access, in good weather, to the forecastle. This deck also forms a certain horizontal border between the standard cabins (decks 4, 5 and 6), and the most expensive suite cabins (decks 8 to 12).
But the spa and buffet are located on deck 7, far from the outside decks (12 and 13). The only activities here are sun bathing and to see the sea from enormous surfaces decked in traditional teak, but there aren't the profusion of bar and activities that are found in a conventional cruise ship. The Queen Elizabeth 2, the former liner in the North Atlantic run, has a different lay out.
On QE2, all cabins, except some few suites, are situated on the hull, and up, in the whole superstructure, are located three continuous decks of spacious public rooms.
The QM2 has four outdoor pools, one of them exclusively for children. Located on deck 12, forward of the funnel, there is a pool fitted with a glass roof, and thus can be utilized in inclement weather. The other pools, as in the Queen Elizabeth 2, are situated aft, in the terraced superstructure, all surrounded with a teak sun deck. The available space is enormous, but is fragmented and, as a consequence, the outdoor decks of the QM2 do not impress in equal degree to the inside ones.
It seems that the Queen Mary 2 is designed more for walks under the sun in the middle of the Atlantic, or to enjoy reading a book in the lounge chairs (all wooden made), than it is
to sun bathe after having a swim in the pool.
As well as the immense public rooms located on decks 2, 3 and 7, there are other spaces situated in the extreme fore and aft on decks 8 to 11, most intimate and reserved, such as the alternative restaurant Todd English, Commodore Club, etc. prepared to offer relaxation
and intimacy, while enjoying ocean views. Of these small spaces, maybe the most notable is the Library, with 8.000 books, located forward on deck 8, on the starboard side.
That has a classic green decoration, with veneered furniture, and is the second largest library afloat in the world, second only to the Universe Explorer's library. It also houses pc's with Internet connection, and a seating section forward, to read in a quiet atmosphere. The book shop is located starboard, with lots of QM2 and ocean liners memorabilia and books.
For vertical movements, the QM2 has four stair towers with lifts spread the length of the vessel. The two central towers, located fore and aft the atrium and near hallways, are fitted with six elevators each, and work well.
The Most Important Public Rooms
The most important part in a modern cruise ship is the atrium. The Queen Mary 2 is not singular in this aspect, and also has a space of this type, located amidships. But these are only five decks high. In contrast with the enormous atriums found in other cruise ships designed to generate a towering feeling, the QM2 designers opted for a more discreet space, maybe looking more human that immense mills.
The decoration of the atrium is classic, with two splendid curved stairs forward, and two touches of modernity: two steel and crystal panoramic elevators aft, and cabins with window facing this space. In the highest section of the forward part of the atrium there is an enormous metallic mural of the old Queen Mary.
The atriums two lower decks are the Grand Lobby.
The passengers embark through a gate on the atrium lower deck奱nd the first impression on board is unforgettable. Here also is situated the pursers desk and the shore excursion desk on the
starboard side, and the casino, on the port side, which is pitifully small compared with today's standard, with maybe 50 slot machines.
In the second atrium deck (number 3) is a shopping center of over 500 m2 called Mayfair Shop, where are represented the de luxe shops such as Hermes, Chopard, as well as other boutiques offering everything from jewellery to logo souvenirs.
But the most impressive part of the atrium}