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些连词untill still
after when while
等等引导句
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提问者采纳
1.I’ll let you know ____ he comes back.
A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although
2. She will sing a song ____ she is asked.
A. if B. unless C. for D. since
3. We will work ____ we are needed.
A. whenever B. because C. since D. wherever
4. Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you.
A. so that B. if C. when D. although
5._____ you go, don't forget your people.
A. Whenever B. However C. Wherever D. Whichever
6. It is about ten years _____ I met you last.
A. since B. for C. when D. as
7. They will never succeed, _____ hard they try.
A. because B. however C. when D. since
8. _____ still half drunk, he made his way home.
A. When B. Because C. Though D. As
9. _____ she was very tired, she went on working.
A. As B. Although C. Even D. In spite of
10. Busy _____ he was, he tried his best to help you.
A. as B. when C. since D. for
11. I learned a little Russian _____ I was at middle school.
A. though B. although C. as if D. when
12. _____ we got to the station, the train had left already.
13. _____ the rain stops, we' 11 set off for the station.
A. Before B. Unless C. As soon as D. Though
14. She was _____ tired _____ she could not move an inch.
A. so, that B. such, that C. very, that D. so, as
15. We didn’t go home _____ we finished the work.
A. since B. until C. because D. though
16. I'll stay here _____ everyone else comes back.
A. even if B. as though C. because D. until
17. Although it's raining, _____ are still working in the field.
A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they
18. Speak to him slowly _____ he may understand you better.
A. since B. so that C. for D. because
19. You'll miss the train ______ you hurry up.
A. unless B. as C. if D. until
20. When you read the book, you' d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.
A. at which B. at where C. the place D. where
21. We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark.
A. and B. but C. as D. unless
22. I didn' t manage to do it _____ you had explained how.
A. until B. unless C. when D. before
23._____ he comes, we won't be able to go.
A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even
24. I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late for class.
A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless
25. _____ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.
A. Every time B. Though C. Even D. Where
26. What's the matter _____ they still haven't answered the telegram?
A. when B. that C. though D. however
27. Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better.
A. although B. even though C. so that D. since
28. You may arrive in Beijing early _____ you mind taking the night train.
A. that B. though C. unless D. if
29. Helen listened carefully _____ she might discover exactly what she needed.
A. in that B. in order that C. in case D. even though
30. More people will eat out in restaurants _____ they do today.
A. than B. when C. while D. as
31._____ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.
A. Much B. However C. As D. Although
32. Poor _____ it may be, there is no place like home, _____ you may go.
A. wherever
B. whenever
D. wherever
33. The child was __ immediately after supper.
A. enough tired to go to bed
B. too tired to go to bed
C. so tired that he went to bed
D. very tired, he went to bed
34. The history of nursing __ the history of man.
A. as old as B. is old than C. that is as old as D. is as old as
35. _____ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.
A. Since B. Once C. When D. Although
36._____ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible.
A. As B. Although C. Unless D. In spite of
37. Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _____ his father died.
A. than B. as C. while D. when
38. _____ David goes, he is welcome.
A. Whichever B. However C. Wherever D. Whatever
39. The house stood _____ there had been a rock.
A. which B. at which C. when D. where
40. Small _____ it is, the pen is a most useful tool.
A. because B. so C. if D. as
41. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ____tractors
in 1988 as the year before.
A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as
42. The piano in the other shop will be _____, but _____.
A. not as better
B. not as better
C. not as good
D. not as good
43. John plays football _____, if not better than, David.
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
44. Although he is considered a great writer,
A. his works are not widely read
B. but his works are not widely read
C. however his works are not widely read
D. still his works are not widely read
45. ___ the day went on, the weather got worse.
A. With B. Since C. While D. As
46.—What was the party like?
—Wonderful. It' s years _____ I enjoyed myself so much.
A. after B. when C. before D. since
47. It was not _____ she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.
A. that B. that C. when D. then
48. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _____ great it is.
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever
49. After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
50._____, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
A. However late is he
B. However he is late
C. However is he late
D. However late he is
51. He will come to call on you the moment he ____ his painting.
A. will finish B. finished C. has finished D. had finished
52. ____ difficult the task may be, we will try our best to complete it in time.
A. No matter B. No wonder C. Though D. However
53. It was ____ that she couldn’t finish it by herself.
A. so difficult a work
B. such a difficult work
C. so difficult work
D. such difficult work
54. The meeting didn’t start___ everyone was there.
A. because B. until C. why D. if
55. The boy ___ to bed ___ his mother came in.
A. until B. didn’ after C. until D. didn’ until
56. I won’t believe you___ I have seen it with my own eyes.
A. before B. until C. after D. when
57. He ___ home ___ she was satisfied ___ his answer yesterday.
A. didn’ with
B. wasn’ to
C. doesn’ with
D. didn’ to
58. He ___ back until the work ___ done.
A. isn’t; will be
B. isn’t; is
C. won’ will be
D. won’ is
59. They didn’t start the work ___ their teachercameback.
C. as soon as
D. if选择填空：1-5 CADAC 6-10 ABCBA 11-15 DDCAB 16-20 DABAD 21-25 CABBA26-30 BCCBD 31-35 BACDD 36-40 ADCDD 41-45 CCBAD 46-50 DBCBD 51-53 CDD现完与般比较（）般态现完态概念般表示某间发词或存状态表示经或反复发作与yesterday, yesterday afternoon, last year, in 1965, a moment ago 等表示间状语连用, 例：He came here yesterday.现完表示作（或状态）现产影响结, 例：He has broken his bottle.(二)般态现完区别：1）现完表示作与现联系主要说明现情况状态；般则强调作发某间与现发联系, 例：We haven't seen him since
last year.我自直未见（现未见）We didn't see him last year.我没见（现定未见）2）现完表示发直持续现（包括现）某作或状态与现关间状语连用般表示某特定（与现关）间与具体表示间状语连用, 例：He has lived here since he was born.自直居住（since
自…与现关说明居住）Liumei went to see her grandmother
last night.刘梅昨晚看外婆（说明昨晚）（三）值注意几问题：1）作发直持续说候并且延续要用现完例： We have studied English for two years.我英语两2）指经历没表示间状语要用现完例：
I have been to Shanghai twice.我曾海两3）when特殊疑问句要用般例：
When did you lose your pen ?
候丢钢笔4）just (刚刚)与现完连用just now (刚才)与般连用例：
The train has just gone.火车刚刚离5）since 作介词面跟间名词起作状语句要用现完；since 作连词引导状语句主句用现完句用般He has worked in this factory since 1996.I have known him since he was a child.6）so farin the last / past ……
与现完连用例 ：So far, many countries have sent up satellites into space.In the last 30 years , our lives have changed a lot. （）1 According to the time table, the train for London ___ at seven o'clock in the evening. A. was leaving B. has left C. leaves D. will leave 2 You should visit this part of the country when ___ A. spring will com B. spring comes C. It has been spring D. It will be spring3 You needn't hurry her. She ___ it by the time you are ready.A. will have been finishing B. Would finish C. Will have finished D. Will be finishing 4. We can go home when the ground ___ A. is drying B. has dried C. dried D. will dry 5. Obviously, he ___ a bad cold. He sneezes so often. A. has B. has been C. had D. was 6. Darwin proved that natural selection ___the chief factor in the development of species. A. has been B. had been C. is D. was 7. While Peggy ___, her brother is playing records. A. reads B. is reading C. has read D has been reading 8. It's been a long time since I ___. How are you? A. had last seen you B. saw you last C. have least seen you D. last was seeing you 9. We ___ on it for several hours but we have not yet reached any conclusion. A. work B. are working C. have been working D. have been worked 10. He said that he ___ for Shanghai the next day. A. will leave B. has left C. would leave D. had left （二） 1. This is the first time I ___ this kind of refrigerator. A. saw B. have seen C. am seeing D. see 2. &As soon as I ___ home, I'll have a hot bath.& He promised himself. A. got B. will get C. have got D. am getting 3. He ___ this job before he moved into this city. A. found B. had found C. was finding D. would find 4. &Has he finished the report?& &No, he knew that he ___ time to complete it by tomorrow.A. wouldn't have B. won't have C. shall not have D. will not have 5. I think this time yesterday he ___ an English class in No. Three Classroom Building A. had B. will have C. was having D. would have 6. By 2000, the university ___ 20,000 postgraduates. A. will be trained B. trains C. will have trained D. would have 7. Since 1970 he ___ in this school and he loves this job very much. A. has worked B. has been working C. is working D. will be working 8. I don't like to be disturbed if I ___. A. work B. will work C. am working D. have worked 答案： （）C B C D A C B B C C （二）B C B A D C B C
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出门在外也不愁虚拟语气有什么特点_百度知道
虚拟语气有什么特点
提问者采纳
虚拟语气的重点是： 1．一些常见的虚拟语气的句型或结构。 2．虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式。 3．主从句表示不同的时间概念、事实或假设情况，从而交错成为复合虚拟语气。 4．含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气的表示愿望的虚拟形式。
上述四个要点往往在完形填空或者阅读理解里面存在，尤其是每年完形填空都至少有一道直接考这方面的知识的题目，而在阅读理解里，我们掌握上述四个重点对于我们理解文章的大意和作者态度很有帮助，了解哪些观点是作者假设的、虚拟的，哪些是真实的，这样对于我们回答关于作者态度观点题很有帮助。 下面我们将主要从上述四个方面来重点论述在考试中应该注意的问题。 一、虚拟语气的常见类型和句型 （1）由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气 A．用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。 B．用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might+ 动词原形。 C．wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。 The picture exhibiti I wish I had not gone to it. ---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.” ---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.” I wish that he weren’t so lazy. (2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。 His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later. (3)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如： I’d rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。 I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。 I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。 （4）It’s (high, about) time that 句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。 It’s time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown. It is high time that we
put an end to this discussion.现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了。 （5）as, 或者whether…or…谓语多用be的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法通常采用倒装结构： Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamivc, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on. The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly. （6）由连接词in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should(might, would)+动词原形，例如： She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那个婴儿身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。 The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself. (7) if it were not for…与现在事实相反， if it had not been for与过去事实相反，两个都相当于but for： If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have succeeded. (8) 虚拟语气用于as if（though）引起的方式状语从句和表语从句中，其动词形式与wish宾语从句的形式相同。例如：She often laughs spontaneously, and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above.她常常发出发自内心的微笑，而且她那美好的情绪像天上一道明亮的阳光一样，常常流露出来。 They talked as if they had been friends for years.他们交谈着，就好像他们是我年的老朋友一样。 She looks as if she would cry.她看起来好像要哭了。 (9)其它各种句型, as though, suppose, had rather, supposing, if only等等 If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I buried my head in my hands for a cry.
二、特殊形式的虚拟语气 虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式，其虚拟语气的构成往往是由should(可省略)+动词原形that从句。 A、 用于表示意愿、建议、命令、提议、请求等动词后的that宾语从句中，这类动词有： ask要求
advise建议
arrange安排
command命令
decide决定
demand要求
desire渴望 determine决定
insist坚持
intend打算
maintain坚持主张 move建议，动员
propose提议
object反对
order命令 prefer建议
require 需要
request要求
resolve下决心 recommend推荐
suggest建议
stipulate约定，规定
urge强调，促进 vote公认，提议
decree颁布（法令）
pray请求 注意：这类动词后面除了可接that虚拟句以外，也可以接doing或者to do…来表达，一般情况下，意思没有什么差别。 She advised that we should keep the gate locked.（书面体） She advised us to keep the gate locked.（口语） She advised keeping the gate locked.(较随便) B、用于It is+形容词或过去分词+主语从句中，这类形容词或分词有： advisable合理的
decided决定的
crucial关键的
appropriate恰当的 determined决定的
commanded命令的
arranged安排的
essential紧要的，基本的 complied遵照
anxious焦急的
imperative迫切的 important重要的 desirable合意的
better较好的，更好
insistent坚持的
desired想要 asked请求
keen渴望的
incredible难以置信的 adamant坚定不移的 natural自然的
insisted坚持
necessary必要的
suggested建议 urgent紧迫的
ordered命令
shocked震惊的
vital极其重要的 possible可能的
strange 奇怪的
preferable （好一点） proposed提议 requested要求的
required要求的
recommended推荐
resolved决定的 probable（可能的）
pity可惜，憾事
shame遗憾 注意：这类形容词后面除了可接that虚拟句以外，也可以for…to do… 来表达，一般情况下，意思没有什么差别。 It is essential that he should be prepared for this. It is essential for him to be prepared for this. C．用于由表示建议、要求、命令、请示等含义的名词引导的表语从句和同位语从句中，这类名词常见的有： advice忠告
decision决定
demand要求
desire要求、愿望 insistence坚持
motion提议
necessity必要性
order命令 preference偏爱
proposal提议
recommendation推荐 request要求
requirement要求
resolution决心
suggestion劝告、忠告 例如： This is their resolution that extra-curriculum activities be made part of their school life.这是他们的决议：要使得课外活动成为他们学校生活的一部分。 The motion that the remark of the last speaker be expunged from the record.该提议要求把最后一个发言的人的讲话从记录上除掉。 三、混合虚拟语气
有时主句和从句的谓语动词指不同的时间，这时需要用混合虚拟语气。一般来说，在这种情况下，主从句谓语动词指代的时间不同，所以我们又可以错综时间条件句，在这种虚拟情况，动词形式应根据实际情况灵活使用，在做这些题目时候尤其要注意每道题目的提示语：时间状语。绝大多数情况下，从句或者主句都有相关的时间状语，这是我解题的关键。 If you
that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be so sleepy. A. haven’t watched
B. didn’t watch
C. hadn’t watched
D. wouldn’t have watched
答案选C。 Many dead would now be alive if they have not attempted to return for something. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now.
混合虚拟语气还有一种情况就是事实和虚拟假设的混合句，这样的句子不仅仅是时间的不同，而重要是事实和假设的混合。 I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week. 该句前半部分是假设虚拟，而后半部分是事实的陈述。 Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.
该句前半句用的是假设虚拟，后半句主句也用的是假设虚拟（如果你去并且解释的话），但是后半句的从句用的是事实语气，因为“父母病了”是客观事实，故不需要用虚拟形式had been。 四、含蓄虚拟条件句
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： （1）介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. A. In spite of
B. But for
C. Because of
答案选B。 But that she was afraid, she would have said no. (2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wanted. If only I had more money, I could buy a car.
(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如：
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 （3）通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 I thought the children
when we returned home, but they were still awake. A. were sleeping
B. would be sleeping
C. had been sleeping
D. would sleep选择 B。 (4)形容词及其比较级 A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. (5)分词短语 Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. (6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. It would be easier to do it this way. (7)名词短语和名词+and结构 A judicious man would not have committed suicide. A diligent student would have worked harder. (8)独立主格结构 All things considered, the price would be reasonable. (9)定语从句 Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. (10）情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. (11)动词原形表示虚拟 动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 God bless you! All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). If that be so, we shall take action at once.
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虚拟语气表示说话者所说的话只是一种主观的愿望,假想和建议等
虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。Ⅰ用以表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气⒈ 用if条件从句表示的虚拟条件，是虚拟条件最普通的方式。① 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形，例如：If I were in your position I would marry her.② 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.③ 大多数的虚拟条件句属于上面三种情况的一种，但并不排除存在条件和后果中，一个和现在情况相反，另一个和过去情况相反，例如：If you had followed what the doctor said, you would not have been so painful now.这个句子在高中出现频率颇高。④ 但是，如果后果用了虚拟语气，而条件却用陈述语气，这种用法是错的。⒉ 除了表示虚假条件外，if从句还可以表示对将来的推测，由于是将来还没有发生的，所以谈不上是真实的还是虚假的，只能说这个事情发生的可能性有多大。一般情况下，可以用陈述语气的if从句来表示对一个未来事实的推测，这个事实是完全可能发生的。If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形，例如：Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.（1996年1月四级第44题）⒊ 有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构,这时候，如果出现not等否定词，否定词需放在主语后面。这种结构在口语中很少使用，但频频出现在各类考试中出现，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.→Had it not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis.⒋ 大多数的虚拟条件通过上面所讲的两种方法表达，但在个别句子中也可以通过介词without和介词短语but for表达，副词otherwise等表达出来。例如：We didn't know
otherwise we would have telephoned him.（1995年6月四级第46题）值得注意的是，包含but for的句子，谓语动词必定要用虚拟形式，但包含without等短语的句子，谓语动词未必一定要用虚拟语气。⒌ 有时虚拟条件不是明确地表达出来，而在蕴含在用but引导的从句里，于是便出现了有谓语动词是虚拟语气的主句加上谓语动词是陈述语气的but从句构成的并列复合句，例如I would have hung you but the telephone was out of order.在这样的句子里，如果主句没有用虚拟语气，或者从句用了虚拟语气，都是错的。Ⅱ用在宾语从句中的虚拟语气⒈ 在表示愿望的动词wish后的宾语从句中，需用虚拟语气。（wish后的that 常省略），根据主句时态，从句谓语时态相应退后一位，例如：How she wished his family could go with him.⒉ 在具有愿望、请求、建议、命令等主观意愿的动词(desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, recommend, decide …) 后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用(should) +动词原形。值得注意的是，如果宾语从句的动词是否定的，否定词not的位置应在动词之前，而不是动词之后。例如：The head nurse insisted that the patient not be move.另外，如suggest表达“暗示”，insist表示“坚持某种说法”时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气，例如：Her pale face suggests that she is ill.或He insisted that he did not kill the boy.除此之外，上述动词也要求用虚拟式① 在It is+上述动词的过去分词，其后所跟的主语从句中，如It is suggested that pupils wear school uniforms.② 在上述动词相应的名词形式作主语+连系动词，其后的表语从句中，例如His suggestion was that classed be re-scheduled.③ 在对上述动词相应的名词进行解释的同位语从句中，如：The workers raised the demand that their pay be increased to cope with the inflation.⒊ would （had）rather , would sooner也用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反，例如：I would rather he went right now.Ⅲ其他形式的虚拟语气⒈ it is +necessary等形容词后，that主语从句中虚拟形式使用，这类形容词包括necessary, important, essential, imperative, urgent, preferable, vital, advisable等，例如It is necessary that you listen to the teacher carefully.或者It is essential that you be able to pronounce every single word correctly.⒉ 在It's (high/about) time 之后的定语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式，例如It is high time that you went to school⒊ 虚拟语气在as if / as though 引导的方式状语从句中的应用（谓语动词形式与wish后的宾语从句基本相同）表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去式。例如：He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened. 表示过去想象中的动作或情况，谓语动词用过去完成式。 ⒋ 在lest 引导的状语从句中，谓语动词多用虚拟语气，(should )+ 动词原形。例如： The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.（1998年1月四级第38题）⒌ 在if only 引起的感叹句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式或过去完成式。例如：
Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I had followed your advice.
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