Obesity and oxidative stress predict AKI after cardiac surgery.
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):1221-8. doi: 10.1681/ASN.. Epub
2012 May 24.Obesity and oxidative stress predict AKI after cardiac surgery.1, , , , , , .1Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. frederic.t.billings@vanderbilt.eduAbstractObesity increases oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation, but the effect of obesity on postoperative AKI is not known. We examined the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and AKI in 445 patients undergoing cardiac surgery and whether oxidative stress (F(2)-isoprostanes), inflammation (IL-6), or antifibrinolysis (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 [PAI-1]) contribute to any identified relationship. Overall, 112 (25%) of the 445 patients developed AKI. Higher BMI was independently associated with increased odds of AKI (26.5% increase per 5 kg/m(2) [95% confidence interval, 4.3%-53.4%]; P=0.02). Baseline F(2)-isoprostane (P=0.04), intraoperative F(2)-isoprostane (P=0.003), and intraoperative PAI-1 (P=0.04) concentrations also independently predicted AKI. BMI no longer predicted AKI after adjustment for the effect of F(2)-isoprostanes, suggesting that obesity may affect AKI via effects on oxidative stress. In contrast, adjustment for IL-6 or PAI-1 did not substantially alter the association between BMI and AKI. Further, deconstruction of the obesity-AKI relationship into direct (i.e., independent of candidate pathways) and indirect (i.e., effect of BMI on AKI via each candidate pathway) effects indicated that F(2)-isoprostanes, but not IL-6 or PAI-1, partially mediate the relationship between obesity and AKI (P=0.001). In conclusion, obesity independently predicts AKI after cardiac surgery, and oxidative stress may partially mediate this association.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov .Comment inPMID:
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] For any given BMI, the intraoperative concentrations of F2-isoprostanes were higher in patients with AKI than those without AKI. Tick marks on the x- and y-axes represent patients, and the curves are smoothed estimates of the groups with and without AKI. The x-axis is truncated at the 5th and 95th patient percentiles and the y-axis at the 5th and 90th percentiles for ease of exposition.J Am Soc Nephrol. ):.Regression models for theoretical causal relationships. Adjustment covariates (AKI risk factors) are not shown for ease of exposition. (A) β1,BMI captures the total effect of BMI on AKI. (B) Total effect of BMI on AKI separated into direct (independent of candidate pathway biomarker) and indirect (via biomarker) effects. β2,BMI captures the direct effect of BMI on AKI adjusted for biomarker, β2,Biomarker captures the direct effect of biomarker on AKI, and β3,BMI captures the direct effect of BMI on candidate pathway biomarker. The product of β3,BMI and β2,Biomarker captures the indirect effect of BMI on AKI that is mediated by that candidate pathway biomarker.J Am Soc Nephrol. ):.Publication TypesMeSH TermsSubstancesSecondary Source IDGrant SupportFull Text SourcesMedicalMiscellaneous
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External link. Please review our .Nucleic Acids Res. 1999 October 1; 27(19): .
PMCID: PMC148651DNA bending by photolyase in specific and non-specific complexes studied by atomic force microscopy., , , , , and
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other articles in PMC.Specific and non-specific complexes of DNA and photolyase are visualised by atomic force microscopy. As a substrate for photolyase a 1150 bp DNA restriction fragment was UV-irradiated to produce damaged sites at random positions. Comparison with a 735 bp undamaged DNA fragment made it possible to separate populations of specific and non-specific photolyase complexes on the 1150 bp fragment, relieving the need for highly defined substrates. Thus it was possible to compare DNA bending for specific and non-specific interactions. Non-specific complexes show no significant bending but increased rigidity compared to naked DNA, whereas specific complexes show DNA bending of on average 36 degrees and higher flexibility. A model obtained by docking shows that photolyase can accommodate a 36 degrees bent DNA in the vicinity of the active site.The Full Text of this article is available as a
(471K).Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press
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Show all items[Acute orchiepididymitis: assessment with high-resolution ultrasonography in 52 cases].
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):445-51.[Acute orchiepididymitis: assessment with high-resolution ultrasonography in 52 cases]. [Article in Spanish]1, , , .1Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Burgos, Espa?a.AbstractOBJECTIVES: The present study describes our experience in ultrasound diagnosis of acute orchiepididymitis, with special reference to the most common US patterns and complications of this disease entity.METHODS: In acute scrotum suspected as having an inflammatory origin, high resolution ultrasonography is performed in the acute phase in addition to routine blood and urine analyses. Treatment and subsequent US control evaluation vary according to each case.RESULTS: The sonographic findings in 52 cases with a clinical suspicion of acute orchiepididymitis are presented. All examinations were performed in the acute phase. Subsequent sonographic control evaluation was performed 2-4 months after treatment. Seven cases had a in 4 cases ultrasound disclosed a different pathology (2 tumors, 1 testicular torsion and 1 hydatid torsion); 12 had both testicular and ep one had testicular and 28 had epididymal involvement alone. Complications were observed in 21 cases (hydrocele, abscess, pyocele, infarct...). Sonographic evaluation after treatment showed complete resolution in 26 cases whereas 15 cases showed postinflammatory sequelae (atrophy, changes in testicular ultrasound pattern, calcifications, chronic hydrocele...). The ultrasound findings indicated surgery in 2 cases.CONCLUSIONS: High resolution ultrasonography is currently the diagnostic method of choice in scrotal inflammation. It permits determining the extent of the lesion (orchitis, epididymitis, orchiepididymitis), complications (hydrocele, hematocele, pyocele, abscess, infarct...) and the result of therapy.PMID:
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