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导读:(《王蒙谈文化自觉与文化自信》,《人民日报海外版》日,有删改)36.根据文意,下面对D文化自觉和文化自信‖的理解最恰当的是A.保存传统文化B.发挥文化上的创新精神C.以人为本,把握文化的走向,实现文化的创新D.文化要提高人民的生活质量37.下面文中的表述,反映了D文化自信和文化自觉‖是的A.用文化吸引旅游、用文化彭动招商投资。B.文化的操守与
( 《王蒙谈文化自觉与文化自信》,《人民日报海外版》2011 年 8 月 3 日,有删改) 36.根据文意,下面对D文化自觉和文化自信‖的理解最恰当的是
A.保存传统文化 B.发挥
文化上的创新精神
C.以人为本,把握文化的走向,实现文化的创新 D.文化
要提高人民的生活质量 37.下面文中的表述,反映了D文化
自信和文化自觉‖是的 A.用文化吸引旅游、用文化彭动招
商投资。 B.文化的操守与成品的质量正被马虎对待。 C.许
多城乡的文化标志与文化记忆被人为地抹去了。 D.大家保
持一根文化的弦。 38.根据文意,下面推断正确的是
A.当下中国民间传统节日过行热闹红火,这意味着传统文化的回归。
B.历史文化遗址,即使不能带来商业利益,也应应该注意保护。 C.许
多酒店仿古装修说明我们发现了传统文化的价值。 D.为了提高人民的
生活质量,高楼大厦应当取代古旧的民居。 39.在文中横线处依次填
入词语,最恰当的一组是
B.当然 也
D.然 却 当然 40.文章主要想告诉
我们的是 A.传统文化不能因为经济发
展而摒弃 B.现代社会的发展离不开文化
的包装 C.不能照搬传统文化 D.要有
尊重文化的认真态度和正确理念
(三)阅读下面短文,回答问题 萨维尼认为,法律同语言一样是D民族精神‖最重要的表达
形式之一。这种深奥的思
想至少包含着这样的观点,即法律远不仅是规章准则或司法判例的累积,它反映并展示了整 个文化概貌。民族或人民的精神囊括了全部民族史,同时也是社会群体通过追溯它本身生存 的进程而获得的集体经验。问贝锹枷碌拿褡寤蛎裰诘姆芍徊还且恢质贾赵诒浠 的文化演化过程的静态表象。萨维尼还认为,如果不在它所赖以存在的社会历史领域中加以 观察,那么,法律作为一种社会现象是难以理解的。
法律的发展经历了早期的不成文习惯的阶段,随后把习惯作为规则记录下来,现在我 们所知道的最早的一批成文法典,如《汉谟拉比法典》就是对习惯规范进行或多或少的有系 统汇编。然而,正如通常所指出的那样,这种成文习惯法早已失去了习惯的特性,并可解释 为D规则‖。法降格为成文形式反映了政治势力的兴起,因而法律仍基于起源于D偶然情形 的个人间关系‖的习惯性规范转变为D政治力量的一部分‖。按照萨维尼的分析,仍历史发 展的这个阶段开始,法的社会学特征显得更加疑难纷纷了。随着社会的发展,社会成员间的 社会功能的划分变得愈加明确,阶级和亚群体的发展也更为显著。虽然在早期社会里,民族 精神是一种社会现象,通过法律可以使民族精神得到合理性认可,并能寻求到一种自发的表 达形式,但由于两种原因,导致民族精神逐渐衰弱。第一,功能和阶级的分化使人们的共同 意识难以给法的自发创立提供强有力的激情;第二,直到法律置共同意识于脑后而仅讨论规 则的细节和技术性问题,法津形式本身总在不断地复杂化。
按照萨维尼的观点,这种情形导致了两重要制度的____;现代立法和现代法学。当法
的_____产生过程不再有效地行进,立法机极的设立就成为_____的。立法的重要首先在于剔 除法的演进中的疑点和不确定性,其次在于制定固定的习惯法------但不是以法典的形式表 现,因为法典形式是用呆板的、确定的和综合性的原则来否定法的发展特性。然后,就像船 舶拖动了铁锚,立法活动也不可避免地会偏离它们本身相应功能,立法及其功能逐渐分离并 彼此疏远。但无寥绾危⒎ㄕ哂Ω檬敲褡寰竦抹D真正代表‖,然而,与此同时,当法律 进一步滑出它的社会生活中的基础且不再是大众知识的一部分时,有关法律的知识将被D受 过专法律知识训练的特殊阶层‖所垄断,他们的工作就是理解和建立法律规则。由此,法律 以D双重‖的面目存在:法律的整个轮廊依然如故地存在于人们的共同意识之中,而具体细 节则成为法学家们的禁地。
(节选自【英】罗杰?科特威尔《法律社会学导论》,潘大松等译,华夏出版社,1989)
41.在文中横线处依次填入词语,最恰当的一组是
A.发展 自觉
B.发展 自发
D.演变 自觉 必要 42.下面说法中,与D法律是民族精神
的体现‖冲突的是 A.法律反映并展示了文化概。 B.法
律是一种始终在变化着的文化演化过程的静态表象。 C.法
律只不过是规章准则或司法判例的累积。 D.法律是社会
群体在生存进程中获得的集体经验。 43.下面选项中,不
是导致民族精神衰落的原因是 A.阶级的分化
B.功能的分化 C.法律
形式的复杂化 D.法的自
发创立的激情
44.下面关于立法重要性的表述,错误的是
A 剔除法律演进中的疑点 B.剔除法律演进
中的不确定性 C.制定固定的习惯法
D.将习惯法法典 45.现代立法制度发展
的一个重要原因是 A.民族精神的衰落
B.法降格为成文法 C.民族精神得到合
理性认可 D.习惯作为规则记录下来
(四)阅读下面短文,回答问题
玛雅人是中美洲的土著居民,曾经拥有高度发达的文明。在约仍公元 300 年起,玛雅 文明进入了被称为古典期的鼎盛时期。公元 800 年,古典期玛雅文明达到了它的顶峰,随后 却发生了不可思议的崩溃。在此后的 100 多年里,玛雅人先后放弃了他们的繁华城市,神庙 和广场成了野兽出没的废墟。有关玛雅文明衰落的假说可谓众说纷纭。有人认为,地震、瘟 疫等天灾造成了玛雅人口的急剧减少;也有人认为,战争或者农民起义让文明陷入混乱;还 有人提出了D生态危机‖论,认为人口的严重膨胀、土地的过度开垦所带来的严重生态问题 导致了文明的消亡。在这些假说中,气候巨变――具体说,就是大旱――导致玛雅文明衰落
是引人注目的假说之一。理查德森?吉尔是最早提出这个假说的人。
2001 年,一份直接证据终于出现了。霍德尔等人挖出了尤卡坦半岛中央一个湖泊底 部沉积物作为分析对象,他们发现,这个地区每隔若干年就会发生干旱。考察玛雅人的历史, 就会发现在一此D世纪干旱‖来临时,玛雅文明就会发生一定程度的衰退,例如停止建造纪 念碑,城市被遗弃等等。这表明气候的变化很有可能影响到玛雅文明的发展。在测量了另一 块沉积物样品之后,霍德尔还发现公元 750 年至 800 年,这个地区发生 7000 年中最严格的 干旱。仍公元 9 世纪开始,一场持续 100 多年的干旱主宰了加勒比海地区。玛雅人的社会结 极在干旱面前显得十分脆弱。他们的农业主要是种植玉米依赖水资源,而他们的水资源有限。 更详细的研究表明,在这干旱的 100 多年中,公元 810 年、860 年和 910 年左右发生了三次 严重的旱灾,持续时间分别为 9 年、3 年和 6 年。这三次严重旱灾的发生时间,与玛雅人的 主要城市被遗弃的时间相一致。玛雅人聚集的城市规模越大,对水资源的依赖性也就越大, 于是大城市首先被玛雅人放弃了。随后是中小城市。持续 100 多年的干旱,加上公元 810 年、860 年的大旱,把整个玛雅文明推向了危机的边缘,而公元 910 的大旱则可能给玛雅文 明以致命一击。在某种意义上气候变化可以看成是玛雅文明衰退的主要因素。玛雅人已经酿 成的环境问题(环境退化、土壤侵蚀等),使得过度繁衍的人口易受到气候和干旱的威胁, 气候起着催化剂的作用。但正如一些考古学家所指出的,气候变化并不是造成玛雅文明衰落 的唯一因素。在他们看来,玛雅文明的衰落原因或许更为复杂。
(节选自柯南《地质沉积物破解玛雅衰亡史》,见《南方周末》2003 年 3 月 20 日)
46.根据文意,第一段中作者认为D不可思议‖的是 A.玛雅人先后
放弃了他们繁华的城市。 B.玛雅人的神庙和广场成了野兽
出没的废墟。 C.玛雅文明达到了顶峰之后,迅速衰退。 D.玛
雅文明衰落的原因有自然灾害、人为因素和生态危机。
47.根据文中提供的信息,下面表述正确的是 A.玛雅地区如果不发生干旱,
玛雅文明就永远不会衰落。 B.城市规模扩大和神庙、纪念碑的建造,标
志着玛雅文明的兴盛。 C.玛雅文明仍开始到鼎盛再到最后衰亡,经历了
7000 多年历史。 D.公元 8 世纪,既是玛雅文明到达顶峰时期,也是
玛雅文明衰落之明。
48.根据文意,导致玛雅文明衰落的可能原因不包括
A.土地过度开垦
B.人口严重膨胀
C.水资源过度消耗
D.神庙被遗弃
49.下面推断,无法通过分析地质沉积物直接得到的是
A.玛雅地区干旱频发。
B.公元 810 年开始的旱灾持续了 9 年。 C.D世纪干旱‖来临时,
玛雅文明就会发生一定程度的衰退。 D.加勒比海地区仍公元 800
年开始,持续了一个多世纪的干旱。
50.根据文中提供的信息,下面理解不准确的是 A.有关玛雅文明衰落原因的假说很多,
但不外乎D旱灾‖和D水灾‖两类说法。 B.大旱导致玛雅文明衰落的假说,2001 年由霍德尔等人找到了支持的证据。 C.尽写玛雅文明衰落的原因尚无定论,但科学家并不否认人为的因素。 D.有科学家认为,严重的生态问题导致了玛雅文明的衰落。
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2011年GCT考试语文练习(16)
(二)例题解析
例1.下列没有错别字的一句是:
A.按照上级布署,他们认真组织了一系列观摩课,师生们反应热烈。
B.别看他俩在一起有说有笑的,其实是貌和神离。
C.我们都迫不急待地想知道,究竟是谁能赢得最后的胜利。
D.这哥儿俩,一个标新立异,一个循规蹈矩,差别太大了!
例2.下列没有错别字的一句是:
A.此事的处理要恰如其分,当心过尤不及。
B.物质条件好了,但仍要厉行节约,反对奢靡。
C.老王仍在犹疑,不肯将计划合盘托出。
D.他城府很深,有话从不直接了当地说。
例3.下面各组词语中,没有错别字的一组是:
A.乐此不彼&&& 密云不雨&&& 墨守成规&&& 循规蹈矩
B.靡靡之音&&& 诲人不倦&&& 漫不经心&&& 循循善诱
C.坚守自盗&&& 杀鸡儆猴&&& 出人头地&&& 力挽狂澜
D.投机取巧&&& 骇人听闻&&& 目不瑕接&&& 龙潭虎穴
例4.下列各句中,加点词没有错别字的是
A.满天的礼花此起彼伏,令人目不瑕接。
B.管理的缺失使员工精神焕散,纪律松懈。
C.述职报告应当客观翔实,又言简意赅。
D.超女大赛风糜一时,有些人却嗤之以鼻。
例5.下列各句中,没有错别字的一句是
A.不可狂妄自大,也不要枉自菲薄。
B.诗歌最忌娇揉造作,无病呻吟。
C.他自顾不遐,哪里还能顾及他人。
D.经过长途跋涉,他风尘仆仆赶到这里。
例6.下列词语有错别字的一组是
A.具备&&&&& 万事俱备&&&&& 风声&&&&& 谈笑风生
B.求实&&&&& 实事求是&&&&& 世故&&&&& 人情事故
C.陈规&&&&& 墨守成规&&&&& 精心&&&&& 漫不经心
D.直接&&&&& 直截了当&&&&& 剧增&&&&& 与日俱增
附:不能混入成语的双音节词(自看)
1.直言:毫无顾忌地说出来,如&我直言不讳地对他说&。容易误写成的成语:仗义直言,&直言&应为&执言&。这里的&执&意思是&坚持&。
2.刺骨:寒气侵入人骨,形容极冷,如&他顶着刺骨的寒风走着&。容易误写成的成语:悬梁刺骨,&刺骨&应为&刺股&。这里的&股&是大腿。
3.成功:获得预期的结果(跟失败相对),如&大会开得很成功&。 容易误写成的成语:计日成功,&成功&应为&程功&。实际上,计日程功是一个动宾动宾的并列结构,计算日子估量成效,用来形容进度快,指日可成功。
4.提名:在评选或选举前提出有当选可能的人或事物名称,如&他被提名为下届工会主席&。容易误写成的成语:金榜提名,&提名&应为&题名&。这里的&题&是写,在殿试录取的榜文中写上了姓名,表示考中了,和评选无关。
5.委屈:受到不应该有的指责或待遇,心里难过,如&他满肚子的委屈无处说&。 容易误写成的成语:委屈求全,&委屈&应为&委曲&。这里的&曲&是曲意迁就,而不是冤枉,委屈。
6.变换:事物的一种形式或内容换成另一种,如&他不停地变换手法&。 容易误写成的成语:风云变换,&变换&应为&变幻&。这里的&变幻&是&不规则的改变&,是奇异的变化,而不是一般的形式或内容的改换。
7.入画:画入图画,多用来形容景物优美,如&桂林山水,处处可以入画&。易误写成的成语:出神入画,&入画&应为&入化&。这里的&入化&是进入化境的紧缩,指艺术、技巧等进入极其高超的境界。而不是进入图画。
8.涣然:形容嫌隙、疑虑、误会等完全消除,如&他们两人之间的误会涣然冰释&。 容易误写成的成语:涣然一新,&涣然&应为&焕然&。这个焕然是有光彩的样子。
9.生色:增添光彩,如&他的精彩表演使晚会生色不少&。 容易误写成的成语:生色俱厉,&生色&应为&声色&。这里的&声色&是声音和神色。
10.行迹:行动的踪迹,如&这些年他行迹无定&。 容易误写成的成语:行迹可疑,&行迹&应为&形迹&。这里的&形迹&是举动和神色。
11.不齿:不愿意提到,表示鄙视,如&他的卑鄙行径为人所不齿&。 容易误写成的成语:不齿下问,&不齿&应为&不耻&。这里的&不耻&是意动用法,不以&&为耻。
12.桃园:长满桃树的果园,如&刘、关、张桃园三结义&。 容易误写成的成语:世外桃园,&桃园&应为&桃源&。这里的&桃源&出自陶渊明的《桃花源记》。
13.义气:指由于私人关系而甘于承担风险或牺牲自己利益的气概,如:&他 这个人很讲义气&。 容易误写成的成语:义气用事,&义气&应为&意气&。这里的&意气&指的是由于主观和偏激而产生的情绪。成语&意气相投&的&意气&是志趣和性格,也不能写成&义气&。
14.是非:事理的正确与错误,如&我们要明辨是非&。 容易误写成的成语:文过是非,&是非&应为&饰非&。这里的&饰非&是与前面的&文过&并列的,是掩饰过错的意思。
15.立意:命意,如&这幅画立意新颖&。 容易误写成的成语:标新立意,&立意&应为&立异&。这里的&立异&是与前面的&标新&并列的,意思是表示与一般不同。
16.截流:在水道中截断水流,以提高水位或改变水流的方向,如&大江截流工程开始了&。 容易误写成的成语:开源截流,&截流& 应为&节流&。这里的&节&是节约。
17.代劳:(请人)代替自己办事,如&这事由我代劳,您甭管了&。 容易误写成的成语:以逸代劳,&代劳&应为&待劳&。这里的&待&是对付。
18.奇谈:令人觉得奇怪的言论或见解,如&我们不要轻信这些海外奇谈&。容易误写成的成语:夸夸奇谈,&奇谈& 应为&其谈&。这里的&其&是虚词,没有实在意义。
19.不在:指不在家或不在某处,如&他今天不在学校&。 容易误写成的成语:光阴不在,&不在&应为&不再&。这里的&再&是第二次(出现)。
20.自立:不依赖别人,靠自己的劳动而生活,如&孩子小,在经济上还不能自立&。 容易误写成的成语:自立更生,&自立&应为&自力&。这里的&力&是力量。
21.修养:指理论、知识、艺术、思想等方面的一定水平,如&他是一个很有修养的艺术家&。 容易误写成的成语:修养生息,&修养&应为&休养&,是休息调养的意思。
字形题主要考以下两类字:
1.形近字。如例3的&乐此不彼&的&彼&、&目不瑕接&的&瑕&等,例4的&精神焕散&的&焕&,&风糜一时&的&糜&都是由于字形相近,容易造成误写的例子。
2.同音字。如例1、例2的错字,都是由于音同或音近而造成的误写。
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第四部分 外语运用能力测试(英语)
(50 题,每小题 2 分,满分 100 分)
Part One&& Vocabulary and Structure
Directions:
There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
1. If the car you have rented is clearly unsatisfactory, you can always&&&&&& it for another.&&
A. shift&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&B . exchange&&
C . switch&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. replace&&
2. Every manager needs a secretary that he can&&&& &&to take care of something that may occur
in his absence.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
A. bring on&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&B . hold on&&
C . count on&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. focus on&&
3. The shirt is a real bargain because it is good in quality and&&&&&& in price.&&
A. valuable&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&B . remarkable&&
C . available&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. reasonable&&
4. Shopping for cloths is not the same experience for a man&&&&&& it is for a woman.&&
A. when&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&B . that&&
C . as&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. than&&
5. Nina&&&&&& back home if she had known that her husband would go to the bus stop to meet
her.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
A. couldn’t have walked&&&&&&&&& &&B . shouldn’t have walked&&
C . mustn’t have walked&&&&&&&&&&& D. wouldn’t have walked&&
6. A news report is usually very short,&&&&&& &when it is about something very important.&&
A. besides&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&B . except&&
C . apart from&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. except for&&
7. In this advanced course, students are required to take performance tests at monthly&&&&&& .
A. gaps&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&B . lengths&&
C . distances&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. intervals&&
8. American women were&&&&&& the right to vote until 1920.&&&&&&&&&&&&
A. ignored&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&B . refused&&
C . derived&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. denied&&
9. Seldom&&&&&& any mistakes during my past few years of working there.&&
A. would I make&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &B . have I made&&
C . I made&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. shall I make
10. The proposal seems&&&&&& to oppose the government economic policy.&&
A. designed&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&B . to design&&&&&&&&&&&&
C . have designed&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&D. to have designed&&
Part Two Reading Comprehension&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
Directions:
In this part there are three passages and one chart, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Questions 11-15 are based on the following passage:
Happiness is becoming a huge area in psychological research and even in government policy, with the UK government exploring a “ happiness index” . It is tough, though, to define exactly what happiness is, and what makes us happy.
There are two broad ways of looking at happiness: short-term happiness (a great cookie, a bottle of wine) and long-happiness (financial security, achieving your goals). Both types of happiness are valid, and important. The problem is, they’re often in competition.
Let’s say you’ve got a goal of losing 50 pounds this year. You know you’d be happier and healthier if you weren’t carrying that extra weight. To achieve long-term happiness, you need to go on a diet. In the short-term, though, it’s not that easy.A chocolate cake, or a large glass of wine, might just the thing to cheer you up at the end of a long day - or to celebrate with friends. It’s the same with lots of other goals.
If you’ve got a tendency to prioritize long-term happiness at the expense of day-to -day pleasures, you should start looking for some small ways to bring a little joy back into your life. I am not suggesting that you go out and get drunk every night, or that you stuff yourself with cake. There are a plenty of other ways to enjoy yourself. Don’t pin all your hopes of happiness on some far-off future, though. There’s no point working a 60-hour week and making yourself thoroughly miserable in the belief that things will be perfect as soon as possible you're making a six-figure salary.
11. A proper title foe the passage is “&&&&&& ”.
A. Happy Thereafter.&&&&&&&&&&& &&B . Beyond Happiness.
C . Happiness in. Happiness Out.&& &&D. Happy now or in the Future?
12. Paragraph is mainly about&&&&&& .
A. what makes us happy &&&&&&&&&&B . how to understand happiness
C . how can we be happier &&&&&&&&D. what happiness can bring us
13. The example in paragraph 3 is meant to emphasize that&&&&&& .
A. both short-term happiness and long-term happiness is important
B . we tend to seek short-term happiness instead of long-term happiness
C . people prefer long-term happiness to short-term happiness
D. short-term happiness may contradict long-term happiness
14. The word “ prioritize” (last paragraph) probably means “&&&&&& ” .
A. treat something as more important than others&&&&
B . improve something 's value or quality&&&&
C . put extra emphasis on something&&&&
D. look for something that is difficult to find&&&&
15. The author suggests in the last paragraph that sacrificing short-term happiness for long-term happiness&&&&&& .&&
A. works well& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&B . can be justified
C . is not worthwhile&&&&&&&&&&& &D. makes no difference
Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage:
Thanks to the introduction of new drugs, many of the early problem in organ transplants, such as tissue rejection, have, to a great extent, now been solved. However, there remains a major problem. The people in need of transplant surgery far outnumber the available organs.
Many countries, such as Britain, have huge waiting lists people whose lives could be saved by being given a kidney, lung, heart or liver transplant. Sadly, many of them die before they research the top of the list.
Under the present British policy, people are asked to carry donor ( 捐赠人 ) cards, and\or put their names on the national donor register. Thus, if they lost their lives suddenly, for example, in a traffic accident, they have given permissions in advance of their death for their organs to be used. If they have not given done so, surgeons are faced with the task of asking the grieved relatives for permissions to use the organs of the dead. Of course, often the relatives are too upset even to think o f such a thing until it is too late. Organ transplants have to take place quite soon after the death of the donor.
Dying and donating organs is not something most of us like to think about, and only about 14% of people have registered. Now it has been suggested that, instead of the present register, there should be a register of potential donors who haven’t made up their minds.
16. Nowadays a major problem in transplant surgery is&&&&&& .
A. the shortage of qualified doctors
B. the back of transplant organs
C. tissue rejection
D. immature techniques
17. It can be inferred from the passage that transplant organs most likely come from &&&&&&&.
A. people who die in fatal accidents
B. criminals who are sentenced to death
C. patients who die from serious diseases
D. people who are mentally healthy
18. What is the advantage of registering in advance to donate organs?
A. The transplant many take place soon after the death of the donor.
B. The donor’s relatives would agree with the surgery.
C. More people would choose donation of their organs after death.
D. Surgeons will not be liable to any legal consequences.
19. The low percentage of people who have registered to donate organs indicates that &&&&&&&.
  A. the present register system doesn’t work
  B. dying and donating organs is an unpleasant issue
  C. very few people know how to donate their organs
  D. permission from relatives is hard to obtain
20. What has been proposed to get more donor organs?
A. Asking more people to register to donate organs after death.
B. Having more people carry donor cards when they get around.
C. Encouraging more people to consider organ donation through registering.
D. Getting more people to donate organs by offering huge monetary rewards.
Question 21-25 are based on the following passage:
Recently, the Americans Health Association surveyed 1,000 people nationwide about their thoughts on sodium and heart health. 61% said that they believe sea salt is low-sodium alternative to table salt. They can be forgiven to thinking so. Sea salt is marked as a healthy food, added to soups, potato chips and a wide variety of packaged snacks labeled “ low sodium” and “healthy” . But in reality, sea salt and table salt are not terribly different, at least chemically. The real differences are in how the two are used in cooking.
Table salt comes from underground salt deposits. Companies that sell it typically add something to keep it from clumping ( 结块 ). During processing, table is stripped of many of its natural minerals. Seat salt, on the other hand, is made from evaporated seawater. With little processing, it retains most of its mineral, which some cooks say give it a better flavor.
But both contains the same amount of sodium chloride ( 氧化钠 ) by weight, which means they contribute equally to totally sodium consumption and have the same effect on blood pressure. Officials recommend that adults consume no more than 2.300 milligrams of sodium a day, equivalent to a teaspoon salt. You should eat less if you are black, hypertensive ( 患高血压的 ) or older than 40. Yet most Americans consume more than double the amount they need, mostly processed foods, so it is best to limit salt - Of any kind.
21. According the survey, more than half the people believer that &&&&&&&.
A. table salt should be used in cooking&&&&
B . it is necessary to eat sea product&&&&
C . sea salt is high-sodium product&&&&
D. sea is a healthier choice than table salt &&&&
22. The different between table salt and tea salt lies in that table salt &&&&&&&.
A. contains more natural minerals than sea salt
B . forms clumps more easily than sea salt
C . taste better than sea salt
D. goes through less pro cessing than sea salt
23. The word “ strip” ”in Para. 2 is closest in meaning to “&&&&&& ”.&&
A. break &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&B . add
C . remove &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. change
24. According to the passage, the proper amount of salt consumption is related to one’s&&&&&& .&&&&&&&&
A. appetite &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&B . age&&
C . sex &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. weight
25. According to the passage, Americans &&&&&&&.&&
A. consume much more salt than they actually need
B . consume about 2.300 milligrams of salt a day
C . prefer fresh food to salted processed food
D. try to limit their salt consumption of any kind
Questions 26-30 are based on the following chart:
26. A proper title for the chart is “&&&&&& ”.
A. Schedule Chart for Job Hunting
B . Flow Chart for Recruitment Process
C . Descriptive Chart for an Open Position
D. Organization Chart for a Hunting Company
27. The chart is probably designed for &&&&&&&.
A. job applicants&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&B . school graduates
C . the company general manager&& D. the human resources department
28. What happens right after the interview?
A. The company will review other interviewees.
B . The company will notify who get an offer.
C . The applicants will confirm job offers with the company.&&
D. The applicants will call in to check whether they get the offer.&&
29. A work contract is signed when&&&&&& .&&
A. all options have been considered&&&&
B . there is no more interviewee to review&&
C . the applicant accepts the company’s offer&&
D. the company finishes training for its new staff&&
30. What does “ Com.” in “Com. Offer” possibly mean?&&
A. Confirm &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&B . Company
C . Compensate &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. Communicate
Part There Cloze
Directions:
There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Where do our favorite foods come from? The truth may __31__ you. Did you know curry(咖喱) isn’t Indian ? Did you know Americans weren’t the __32__ to eat hamburgers? Or did you know pizza wasn’t created in Italy?
First, let’s talk about curry. Many people think the English found out about curry from people in India in the 1600s. But__33__, wealthy English people were cooking with curry spices hundreds of years &34 &British ships traveled to India. In fact, the word “curry” can be found in the English language as far back as 1377. Cooks of wealthy English families created curry dishes, and later these __35__ caught on in other parts of English.
___36___ pizza, this dish was probably first made in Persia (what is now Iran).The Persians were eating round, flat bread with cheese in the 500s C nearly one thousand years before pizza caught on in Naples, Italy!
Finally, let’s look at the truth behind __37__. Many people think hamburgers are an American food. However, &_38_ some stories, hamburgers came from Hamburg, Germany . A German named Otto Kuasw made the first hamburger in 1891. Four years later, German sailors __39__ hamburgers to Americans.
Where foods come from isn’t nearly as __40__ as how they taste C delicious! So ,go get some of your favorite food and dig in.
31. A. upset &&&&&&&&B. surprise&&& &&&&&C. annoy& &&&&&&&D . inspire
32. A. one&&&&&&&&& &B. last&&&&&&&&&& &C. first &&&&&&&&&&D. nation
33. A. in detail&&&&&& &B. in shore &&&&&&&C. in turn &&&&&&&&D. in reality
34. A. before &&&&&&&&B. after &&&&&&&&&&C. when &&&&&&&&&D. while
35. A. cooks &&&&&&&&&B. families &&&&&&&C. dishes &&&&&&&&&D. places
36. A. Compared to &&&B. As for &&&&&&&&&C. But for &&&&&&&&D. In addition to
37. A. chips &&&&&&&&&B. pizza &&&&&&&&&&C. curry&&&&&&&&& &D. hamburgers
38. A. according to &&&&B. owing to&&&&&& C. in case of&&&&& &D. in spite of
39. A. carried &&&&&&&&B. introduced &&&&&C. transported &&&&D. moved
40. A. good &&&&&&&&&&B. far &&&&&&&&&&&C. important &&&&&&D. longPart
Four Dialogue Completion
Directions :
In this part, there are short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that most appropriately suits the conversational context and best completes the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
41. A: I went on a date with Sammy last weekend.
B: Really? _____?
A: I couldn’t ask for a better night.
A. Is she nice &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&B. How was it
C. Is it a beautiful night &&&&&&&&&&D. Did you like her
42. Student:How long can I keep the book?
Librarian: ___________
A. Any period longer than four weeks, you will be fined
B. You can check it on the computer over there
C. Four weeks, but you can renew it if you need it longer
D. At most four weeks if you don’t mind
43. A: Hello, Ann, do you still remember you said you’d like to see the actor of the movie Titanic?
B: __________
A: He is here at our university now.
A.No, I don’t.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.Yes, why?
C.Yes, so what?&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.No, I don't like him.
44. A: Please remember me to your parents.
B: ___________
A.They remember seeing you once
B.Thanks a lot. I will.
C.I am afraid they have poor memories
D.You can contact them directly
45. Teacher: Are you following me?
Student: ____________
A. I’m afraid not.&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&B. Can you walk slowly, please?
C. Let me think of it.&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. Who knows?
46. Receiver: would you like to leave a message? I’ll let Mr. Cohen know as soon as he comes back.
Caller: _________
A. I hoop he will call me back&&&&&& B. No. I’ll call somebody else
C. I don’t think it’s appropriate&&&&& D. Don't bother. I’ll try his cell
47. David:If things go on like this, I’ll start preparing my resume again.
Colleague: ____________
A: Come on. It’s not that bad. &&&&&B. Yes, you are good at it.
C. Really? Congratulation! &&&&&&&&D. It’s none of my business.
48. Wife: Honey, we have only one egg and half a bottle of milk in the fridge. Oh, and we running out of toilet paper…
Husband: ___________
A. Ok, ok. I’ll go to the store right now.
B. Yes, honey. Let me know what I can do.
C. What’s missing, dear?
D. Sure, I’ll get more next time.
49. Man: It's a long journey. You look tired. _______?
Woman: Yes. Could you take that suitcase, please?
Man: Sure.
A. Where’s your luggage&&&&&& &&&&B. How can I help you
C. May I help you with anything&&&& D. Do you mind my help
50. A: Can you keep an eye on my bag:
B: ___________
A: No, I’m going to the bathroom.&& &
A. Sure. What is it?&&& &&&&&&&&&&&B. Oh. Do you want a favor?&&&&&&
C. Go ahead, No problem.&&&&&&&&& D. Sure. Will you be long?
参考答案:
1-10:BCDCD BDDBA
11-20:DBDAC BAACC
21-30:DACBA CDBCA
31-40:BCDAC BDABC
41-50:BCBBA DAACD
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