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2014年12月四级六级各题型四大加分妙计
来源：新东方在线
摘要：2014年大学英语四六级考试已经进入紧张复习阶段，现在距离考试仅剩一个多月的时间，相信大部分考生已经开始倒计时冲刺了，在这时候，考生尤其需要清晰知道每种题型应该如何合理地去复习，为此，小编特意为大家准备了下面这篇英语四六级各题型加分妙计的内容，将英语四六级考试中的各种题型逐一讲解，希望对大家有所帮助。
　　2014年大学英语四已经进入紧张复习阶段，现在距离考试仅剩一个多月的时间，相信大部分考生已经开始倒计时冲刺了，在这时候，考生尤其需要清晰知道每种题型应该如何合理地去复习，为此，小编特意为大家准备了下面这篇英语四六级各题型加分妙计的内容，将英语四六级考试中的各种题型逐一讲解，希望对大家有所帮助。　　听力勤练习，真题反复听　　听力的提高无论如何也离不开练习，尤其要反复听历年的真题。英语真题中的听力主要考查学生获取对话或者短文中的具体信息的能力。其考查点主要包括：推理题，如理解材料中，人物对话之间的暗含意思，说话者的意图、观点或者态度等;细节题，如了解对话或者短文发生的地点、时间、方式人物之间的关系等。考生应该首先熟知这些考点，然后在考试期间，能够有所侧重，有的放矢。这就需要考生在平时的练习中熟悉真题中英语听力部分的节奏、语音、语调，以便迎接未来听力考试的检验。　　阅读限时练　　阅读部分在考试中占的比例较大，题量也相对较大，很多考生经常会面临考试时间紧张的问题，这就需要大家在冲刺阶段，针对阅读理解进行一些限时性练习，时间限定在25分钟之内，这样可以在营造真实考试考场氛围的同时，还能保证在未来考场上，考生能够拥有充沛的精力和集中力来对付考试。另外，临考之前，考生一定要把历年真题再过一遍，总结一下哪类题型自己容易出错，重点应该对付哪类题型。除此之外，考生还需关注一些涉及科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等之类的英文文章，带着兴趣阅读，了解大概意思即可，放松一下自己的情绪，这种文章可以从英文原著或者报纸上选择一些。　　翻译忌中式英语　　改革后的翻译其实写起来已经有点类似作文了，在复习的时候，如同写作部分一样，翻译部分同样要求考生多背一些东西，尤其是固定搭配，各种短语，句型结构等。这部分考生最好秉持这样的做题原则：在确保表达内容无误的前提下，尽量选用自己有把握的单词和短语，哪怕句意表达简单粗陋一些也无妨，如果没有把握拿高分，至少也要万无一失保证基本成绩。考生在做题的时候，要首先通读整个句子，因为汉语和英语部分共同构成了一个完整的达意单位。同时，考生要切忌，千万不要直接将汉语部分直接翻译成英语，而不考虑翻译部分在整个英语句子中的语法成分，当中式英语出现在自己的翻译内容中时，整篇翻译可能就因此而降低水准。　　写作备常用模板　　作文除了平时需要多加练习外，还需要考生在冲刺阶段重点背诵一些常用作文模板，里面的固定套用句型、名言名句、连接词、常用短语和添分词组等，是抓住考官眼球的一道亮丽风景线，也是取得高分的有力武器。这里最好的素材非历年真题不可了，历年写作真题几乎都是围绕着学生所了解的社会、文化、环境等方面的素材展开，考生近期可以重点关注一些社会热点问题，收集相关语言材料组织内容。同时，遵从已有的写作套路。比如开篇陈述现象，然后提出建议或者分析其产生的原因，此部分为写作重点部分，应保证结构严谨、逻辑性强、观点明确、表达清晰到位等。最后再次强调论点做出全文总结。这种写作套路在考试中是很常见的也很实用的，考生需要考前有所准备。　　以上就是英语四六级各题型加分妙计的内容，这些方法核心还是在于一个坚持，希望考生好好利用考前剩下的这些时间，多为自己的考试成绩添砖加瓦，预祝各位考生轻松通过四六级考试!
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2003年12月英语六级真题及答案
来源：新东方在线论坛
摘要：以下是2003年12月英语六级真题及答案，供各位考生参考。
　　2003年12月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷　　试卷一　　Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)　　Section A　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the
end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the
conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each quest ion
there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked
A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the
corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the
centre.　　Example:　　You will hear:　　You will read:　　A) 2 hours.　　B) 3 hours.　　C) 4 hours.　　D) 5 hours.　　From the conversation, we know that the two were talking about some work
they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the
afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D]
on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.　　Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]　　1. A) She knows where Martha has gone.　　B) Martha will go to the concert by herself.　　C) It is quite possible for the man to find Martha.　　D) The man is going to meet Martha at the concert.　　2. A) The air pollution is caused by the development of industry.　　B) The city was poor because there wasn’t much industry then.　　C) The woman’s exaggerating the seriousness of the pollution.　　D) He might move to another city very soon.　　3. A) The man should work harder to improve his grades.　　B) The man will benefit from the effort he’s put in.　　C) It serves the man right to get a poor grade.　　D) It was unfair of the teacher to give the man a C.　　4. A) She can make a reservation at the restaurant.　　B) The man should decide where to eat.　　C) She already has plans for Saturday night.　　D) The man should ask his brother for suggestions.　　5. A) The man deserved the award.　　B) The woman helped the man succeed.　　C) The man is thankful to the woman for her assistance.　　D) The woman worked hard and was given an award.　　6. A) Voluntary work can help the man establish connections with the
community.　　B) The man’s voluntary work has left him little room in his schedule.　　C) Voluntary work with the environment council requires a time
commitment.　　D) A lot of people have signed up for voluntary work with the environment
council.　　7. A) The patient must receive treatment regularly.　　B) The patient can’t leave the hospital until the bleeding stops.　　C) The patient’s husband can attend to the business in her place.　　D) The patient must take a good rest and forget about her business.　　8. A) Alice does not know much about electronics.　　B) Alice is unlikely to find a job anywhere.　　C) Alice is not interested in anything but electronics.　　D) Alice is likely to find a job in an electronics company.　　9. A) Jimmy is going to set out tonight.　　B) Jimmy has not decided on his journey.　　C) There is no need to have a farewell dinner.　　D) They may have a dinner when Jimmy’s back.　　10. A) The woman had been planning for the conference.　　B) The woman called the man but the line was busy.　　C) The woman didn’t come back until midnight.　　D) The woman had guests all evening.　　Section B　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of
each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions
will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best
answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the
centre.　　Passage One　　Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.　　11. A) They are delighted because they can enjoy the scenery while
driving.　　B) They are frightened because traffic accidents are frequent.　　C) They are irritated because the bridge is jammed with cars.　　D) They are pleased because it saves them much time.　　12. A) They don’t have their own cars to drive to work.　　B) Many of them are romantic by temperament.　　C) Most of them enjoy the drinks on the boat.　　D) They tend to be more friendly to each other.　　13. A) Many welcome the idea of having more bars on board.　　B) Many prefer the ferry to maintain its present speed.　　C) Some suggest improving the design of the deck.　　D) Some object to using larger luxury boats.　　Passage Two　　Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.　　14. A) Coca Cola.　　B) Sausage.　　C) Milk.　　D) Fried chicken.　　15. A) He has had thirteen decayed teeth.　　B) He doesn’t have a single decayed tooth.　　C) He has fewer decayed teeth than other people of his age.　　D) He never had a single tooth pulled out before he was fifty.　　16. A) Brush your teeth right before you go to bed in the evening.　　B) Have as few of your teeth pulled out as possible.　　C) Have your teeth X-rayed at regular intervals.　　D) Clean your teeth shortly after eating.　　Passage Three　　Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.　　17. A) A visit to a prison.　　B) The influence of his father.　　C) A talk with some miserable slaves.　　D) His experience in the war between France and Austria.　　18. A) He sent surgeons to serve in the army.　　B) He provided soldiers with medical supplies.　　C) He recruited volunteers to care for the wounded.　　D) He helped to free the prisoners of war.　　19. A) All men are created equal.　　B) The wounded and dying should be treated for free.　　C) A wounded soldier should surrender before he receives any medical
treatment.　　D) A suffering person is entitled to help regardless of race, religion or
political beliefs.　　20. A) To honor Swiss heroes who died in the war.　　B) To show Switzerland was neutral.　　C) To pay tribute to Switzerland.　　D) To show gratitude to the Swiss government for its financial support.　　Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)　　Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed
by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four
choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark
the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the
centre.　　Passage One　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.　　For years, doctors advised their patients that the only thing taking
multivitamins does is give them extensive urine (尿). After all, true vitamin
deficiencies are practically unheard of in industrialized countries. Now it
seems those doctors may have been wrong. The results of a growing number of
studies suggest that even a modest vitamin shortfall can be harmful to your
health. Although proof of the benefits of multivitamins is still far from
certain, the few dollars you spend on them is probably a good investment.　　Or at least that’s the argument put forward in the New England Journal of
Medicine. Ideally, say Dr. Walter Willett and Dr. Meir Stampfer of Harvard, all
vitamin supplements would be evaluated in scientifically rigorous clinical
trials.　　But those studies can take a long time and often raise more questions than
they answer. At some point, while researchers work on figuring out where the
truth lies, it just makes sense to say the potential benefit outweighs the
cost.　　The best evidence to date concerns folate, one of the B vitamins. It’s been
proved to limit the number of defects in embryos (胚胎), and a recent trial found
that folate in combination with vitamin B 12 and a form of B6 also decreases the
re-blockage of arteries after surgical repair.　　The news on vitamin E has been more mixed. Healthy folks who take 400
international units daily for at least two years appear somewhat less likely to
develop heart disease. But when doctors give vitamin E to patients who already
have he art disease, the vitamin doesn’t seem to help. It may turn out that
vitamin E plays a role in prevention but cannot undo serious damage.　　Despite vitamin C’s great popularity, consuming large amounts of it still
has not been positively linked to any great benefit. The body quickly becomes
saturated with C and simply excretes (排泄) any excess.　　The multivitamins question boils down to this: Do you need to wait until
all the evidence is in before you take them, or are you willing to accept that
there’s enough evidence that they don’t hurt and could help?　　If the latter, there’s no need to go to extremes and buy the biggest horse
pills or the most expensive bottles. Large doses can cause trouble, including
excessive bleeding and nervous system problems.　　Multivitamins are no substitute for exercise and a balanced diet, of
course.　　As long as you understand that any potential benefit is modest and subject
to further refinement, taking a daily multivitamin makes a lot of sense.　　21. At one time doctors discouraged taking multivitamins because they
believed that multivitamins ________.　　A) could not easily be absorbed by the human body　　B) were potentially harmful to people’s health　　C) were too expensive for daily consumption　　D) could not provide any cure for vitamin deficiencies　　22. According to the author, clinical trials of vitamin supplements
________.　　A) often result in misleading conclusions　　B) take time and will not produce conclusive results　　C) should be conducted by scientists on a larger scale　　D) appear to be a sheer waste of time and resources　　23. It has been found that vitamin E ________.　　A) should be taken by patients regularly and persistently　　B) can effectively reduce the recurrence of heart disease　　C) has a preventive but not curative effect on heart disease　　D) should be given to patients with heart disease as early as possible　　24. It can be seen that large doses of multivitamins ________.　　A) may bring about serious side effects　　B) may help prevent excessive bleeding　　C) are likely to induce the blockage of arteries　　D) are advisable for those with vitamin deficiencies　　25. The author concludes the passage with the advice that ________.　　A) the benefit of daily multivitamin intake outweighs that of exercise and
a balanced diet　　B) it’s risky to take multivitamins without knowing their specific
function　　C) the potential benefit of multivitamins can never be overestimated　　D) it’s reasonable to take a rational dose of multivitamins daily　　Passage Two　　Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.　　Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge (剧增) of women in the
workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this
hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse (反面) of this concern is
that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage
marriages. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man
counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman
can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic
downturns tend to postpone marriage because the parties cannot afford to
establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy
rebounds, the number of marriages also rises.　　Coincident with the increase in women working outside the home is the
increase in divorce rates. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple
cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife’s work on divorce is no less
cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a
good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce
over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible. Tensions
grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. Given
high unemployment, inflationary problems, and slow growth in real earnings, a
working wife can increase household income and relieve some of these pressing
financial burdens. By raising a family’s standard of living, a working wife may
strengthen her family’s financial and emotional stability.　　Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife
blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view
her only choice as seeking a divorce.　　On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the
home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable
union.　　Also, a major part of women’s inequality in marriage has been due to the
fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. With higher
earning capacity and status occupations outside of the home comes the capacity
to exercise power within the family. A working wife may rob a husband of being
the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new
conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new
insecurities.　　26. The word “portend” (Line 2, Para. 1) is closest in meaning to
“________”.　　A) defy　　B) signal　　C) suffer from　　D) result from　　27. It is said in the passage that when the economy slides, ________.　　A) men would choose working women as their marriage partners　　B) more women would get married to seek financial security　　C) even working women would worry about their marriages　　D) more people would prefer to remain single for the time being　　28. If women find fulfillment through work outside the home, ________.　　A) they are more likely to dominate their marriage partners　　B) their husbands are expected to do more housework　　C) their marriage ties can be strengthened　　D) they tend to put their career before marriage　　29. One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that
________.　　A) they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom　　B) they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbands　　C) they feel that their partners fail to live up to their expectations　　D) they tend to suspect their husbands’ loyalty to their marriage　　30. Which of the following statements can best summarize the author’s view
in the passage?　　A) The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic
situation of the country.　　B) Even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for real
equality in marriage.　　C) In order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home and
remain independent.　　D) The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case
to case.　　Passage Three　　Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.　　For most thinkers since the Greek philosophers, it was self-evident that
the re is something called human nature, something that constitutes the essence
of man. There were various views about what constitutes it, but there was
agreement that such an essence exists—that is to say, that there is something by
virtue of which man is man. Thus man was defined as a rational being, as a
social animal, an animal that can make tools, or a symbol-making animal.　　More recently, this traditional view has begun to be questioned. One reason
for this change was the increasing emphasis given to the historical approach to
man. An examination of the history of humanity suggested that man in our epoch
is so different from man in previous times that it seemed unrealistic to assume
that men in every age have had in common something that can be called “human
nature.” The historical approach was reinforced, particularly in the United
States, by studies in the field of cultural anthropology (人类学). The study of
primitive peoples has discovered such a diversity of customs, values, feelings,
and thoughts that many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man is born
as a blank sheet of paper on which each culture writes its text. Another factor
contributing to the tendency to deny the assumption of a fixed human nature was
that the concept has so often been abused as a shield behind which the most
inhuman acts are committed. In the name of human nature, for example, Aristotle
and most thinkers up to the eighteenth century defended slavery. Or in order to
prove the rationality and necessity of the capitalist form of society, scholars
have tried to make a case for acquisitiveness, competitiveness, and selfishness
as innate (天生的) human traits. Popularly, one refers cynically to “human nature”
in accepting the inevitability of such undesirable human behavior as greed,
murder, cheating and lying.　　Another reason for skepticism about the concept of human nature probably
lies in the influence of evolutionary thinking. Once man came to be seen as
developing in the process of evolution, the idea of a substance which is
contained in his essence seemed untenable. Yet I believe it is precisely from an
evolutionary standpoint that we can expect new insight into the problem of the
nature of man.　　31. The traditional view of “human nature” was strongly challenged by
________.　　A) the emergence of the evolutionary theory　　B) the historical approach to man　　C) new insight into human behavior　　D) the philosophical analysis of slavery　　32. According to the passage, anthropologists believe that human beings
________.　　A) have some traits in common　　B) are born with diverse cultures　　C) are born without a fixed nature　　D) change their characters as they grow up　　33. The author mentioned Aristotle, a great ancient thinker, in order to
________.　　A) emphasize that he contributed a lot to defining the concept of “human
nature”　　B) show that the concept of “human nature” was used to justify social
evils　　C) prove that he had a profound influence on the concept of “human
nature”　　D) support the idea that some human traits are acquired　　34. The word “untenable” (Line 3) in the last paragraph of the passage most
probably means ________.　　A) invaluable　　B) imaginable　　C) changeable　　D) indefensible　　35. Most philosophers believed that human nature ________.　　A) is the quality distinguishing man from other animals　　B) consists of competitiveness and selfishness　　C) is something partly innate and partly acquired　　D) consists of rationality and undesirable behavior　　Passage Four　　Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.　　Richard Satava, program manager for advanced medical technologies, has been
a driving force in bringing virtual reality to medicine, where computers create
a “virtual” or simulated environment for surgeons and other medical
practitioners (从业者).　　“With virtual reality we’ll be able to put a surgeon in every trench,” said
Satava. He envisaged a time when soldiers who are wounded fighting overseas are
put in mobile surgical units equipped with computers.　　The computers would transmit images of the soldiers to surgeons back in the
U.S. The surgeons would look at the soldier through virtual reality helmets (头盔)
that contain a small screen displaying the image of the wound. The doctors would
guide robotic instruments in the battlefield mobile surgical unit that operate
on the soldier.　　Although Satava’s vision may be years away from standard operating
procedure, scientists are progressing toward virtual reality surgery. Engineers
at an international organization in California are developing a tele-operating
device. As surgeons watch a three-dimensional image of the surgery, they move
instruments that are connected to a computer, which passes their movements to
robotic instruments that perform the surgery. The computer provides feedback to
the surgeon on force, textures, and sound.　　These technological wonders may not yet be part of the community hospital
setting but increasingly some of the machinery is finding its way into civilian
medicine. At Wayne State University Medical School, surgeon Lucia Zamorano takes
images of the brain from computerized scans and uses a computer program to
produce a 3-D image. She can then maneuver the 3-D image on the computer screen
to map the shortest, least invasive surgical path to the tumor (肿瘤). Zamorano is
also using technology that attaches a probe to surgical instruments so that she
can track their positions. While cutting away a tumor deep in the brain, she
watches the movement of her surgical tools in a computer graphics image of the
patient’s brain taken before surgery.　　During these procedures—operations that are done through small cuts in the
body in which a miniature camera and surgical tools are maneuvered—surgeons are
wearing 3-D glasses for a better view. And they are commanding robot surgeons to
cut away tissue more accurately than human surgeons can.　　Satava says, “We are in the midst of a fundamental change in the field of
medicine.”　　36. According to Richard Satava, the application of virtual reality to
medicine ________.　　A) will enable surgeons to be physically present on every battlefield　　B) can raise the spirits of soldiers wounded on the battlefield　　C) will greatly improve medical conditions on the battlefield　　D) can shorten the time for operations on soldiers wounded on the
battlefield　　37. Richard Satava has visions of ________.　　A) using a remote-control technique to treat wounded soldiers fighting
overseas　　B) wounded soldiers being saved by doctors wearing virtual reality helmets
on the battlefield　　C) wounded soldiers being operated on by specially trained surgeons　　D) setting up mobile surgical units overseas　　38. How is virtual reality surgery performed?　　A) It is performed by a computer-designed high precision device.　　B) Surgeons wear virtual reality helmets to receive feedback provided by a
computer.　　C) Surgeons move robotic instruments by means of a computer linked to
them.　　D) A 3-D image records the movements of the surgeons during the
operation.　　39. During virtual reality operations, the surgeon can have a better view
of the cuts in the body because ________.　　A) he is looking at the cuts on a computer screen　　B) the cuts can be examined from different angles　　C) the cuts have been highly magnified　　D) he is wearing 3-D glasses　　40. Virtual reality operations are an improvement on conventional surgery
in that they ________.　　A) cause less pain to the wounded　　B) allow the patient to recover more quickly　　C) will make human surgeons’ work less tedious　　D) are done by robot surgeons with greater precision　　Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)　　Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each
sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that
best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer
Sheet with a single line through the centre.　　41. He suggested that we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite
________.　　A) probable　　B) sustainable　　C) feasible　　D) eligible　　42. This book is about how these basic beliefs and values affect important
________ of American life.　　A) facets　　B) formats　　C) formulas　　D) fashions　　43. It is one thing to locate oil, but it is quite another to ________ and
transport it to the industrial centers.　　A) permeate　　B) extract　　C) distinguish　　D) concentrate　　44. Students are expected to be quiet and ________ in an Asian
classroom.　　A) obedient　　B) overwhelming　　C) skeptical　　D) subsidiary　　45. Our reporter has just called to say that rescue teams will ________ to
bring out the trapped miners.　　A) effect　　B) affect　　C) conceive　　D) endeavour　　46. The Spanish team, who are not in superb form, will be doing their best
next week to ________ themselves on the German team for last year’s defeat.　　A) remedy　　B) reproach　　C) revive　　D) revenge　　47. Creating so much confusion, Mason realized he had better make ________
what he was trying to tell the audience.　　A) exclusive　　B) explicit　　C) objective　　D) obscure　　48. One of the examination questions ________ me completely and I couldn’t
answer it.　　.　　A) baffled　　B) mingled　　C) provoked　　D) diverted　　49. The vision of that big black car hitting the sidewalk a few feet from
us will never be ________ from my memory.　　A) ejected　　B) escaped　　C) erased　　D) omitted　　50. At present, it is not possible to confirm or to refute the suggestion
that there is a causal relationship between the amount of fat we eat and the
________ of heart attacks.　　A) incidence　　B) impetus　　C) rupture　　D) emergence　　51. There are many who believe that the use of force ________ political
ends can never be justified.　　A) in search of　　B) in pursuit of　　C) in view of　　D) in light of　　52. Sometimes the bank manager himself is asked to ________ cheques if his
clerks are not sure about them.　　A) credit　　B) assure　　C) certify　　D) access　　53. It is believed that the authorities are thinking of ________ new taxes
to raise extra revenue.　　A) impairing　　B) imposing　　C) invading　　D) integrating　　54. When she heard the bad news, her eyes ________ with tears as she
struggled to control her emotions.　　A) sparkled　　B) twinkled　　C) radiated　　D) glittered　　55. There are occasions when giving a gift ________ spoken communication,
since the message it offers can cut through barriers of language and cultural
diversity.　　A) overtakes　　B) nourishes　　C) surpasses　　D) enforces　　56. In order to keep the line moving, customers with lengthy ________ are
required to do their banking inside.　　A) transit　　B) transactions　　C) turnover　　D) tempos　　57. President Wilson attempted to ________ between the powers to end the
war, but neither side was prepared to give in.　　A) segregate　　B) whirl　　C) compromise　　D) mediate　　58. The police have installed cameras at dangerous road ________ to film
those who drive through red traffic lights.　　A) trenches　　B) utilities　　C) pavements　　D) junctions　　59. It is reported that thirty people were killed in a ________ on the
railway yesterday.　　A) collision　　B) collaboration　　C) corrosion　　D) confrontation　　60. Since a circle has no beginning or end, the wedding ring is accepted as
a symbol of ________ love.　　A) successive　　B) consecutive　　C) eternal　　D) insistent　　61. Executives of the company enjoyed an ________ lifestyle of free gifts,
fine wines and high salaries.　　A) exquisite　　B) extravagant　　C) exotic　　D) eccentric　　62. If you want to get into that tunnel, you first have to ________ away
all the rocks.　　A) haul　　B) repel　　C) dispose　　D) snatch　　63. Some crops are relatively high yielders and could be planted in
preference to others to ________ the food supply.　　A) enhance　　B) curb　　C) disrupt　　D) heighten　　64. Astronomers at the University of California discovered one of the most
distant ________.　　A) paradoxes　　B) paradises　　C) galaxies　　D) shuttles　　65. Many great scientists ________ their success to hard work.　　A) portray　　B) ascribe　　C) impart　　D) acknowledge　　66. The sign set up by the road ________ drivers to a sharp turn.　　A) alerts　　B) refreshes　　C) pleads　　D) diverts　　67. The doctors don’t ________ that the patient will live much longer.　　A) monitor　　B) manifest　　C) articulate　　D) anticipate　　68. Call your doctor for advice if the ________ persist for more than a few
days.　　A) responses　　B) signals　　C) symptoms　　D) reflections　　69. We find it impossible to ________ with the latest safety
regulations.　　A) accord　　B) unify　　C) obey　　D) comply　　70. Professor Smith and Professor Brown will ________ in presenting the
series of lectures on American literature.　　A) alter　　B) alternate　　C) substitute　　D) exchange　　试卷二　　Part IV Error Correction (15 minutes)　　Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there
are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a
word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections
in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct
word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in
the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word,
cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank.　　Example:　　Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱. 1.
time/times/period　　Many of the arguments having╱ used for the study of literature as 2.
_______\_______　　a school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3.
______the______　　Thomas Malthus published his “Essay on the Principle of Population” almost
200 years ago. Ever since then, forecasters have being warning that worldwide
famine was (S1) just around the next corner. The fast-growing population’s
demand for food, they warned, would soon exceed their (S2) supply, leading to
widespread food shortages and starvation.　　But in reality, the world’s total grain harvest has risen steadily over the
years. Except for relative isolated trouble (S3) spots like present-day Somalia,
and occasional years of good harvests, the world’s food crisis has remained just
(S4) around the corner. Most experts believe this can continue even as if the
population doubles by the mid-21st century, (S5) although feeding 10 billion
people will not be easy for politics, economic and environmental reasons.
Optimists (S6) point to concrete examples of continued improvements in yield. In
Africa, by instance, improved seed, more (S7) fertilizer and advanced growing
practices have more than double corn and wheat yields in an experiment.
Elsewhere, (S8) rice experts in the Philippines are producing a plant with few
(S9) stems and more seeds. There is no guarantee that plant breeders can
continue to develop new, higher-yielding crop, but most researchers see their
success to date as reason (S10) for hope.　　Part V Writing (30 minutes)　　Directions: In this section you are required to write a composition on the
topic Reduce Waste on Campus. You should write at least 150 words and base your
composition on the outline given in Chinese below:　　1. 目前有些校园内浪费现象严重;　　2. 浪费的危害;　　3. 从我做起，杜绝浪费。　　Reduce Waste on Campus　　2003年12月六级参考答案　　Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)　　1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. D　　6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D　　11. C 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B　　16. D 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. C　　Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)　　21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D　　26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D　　31. A 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. A　　36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D　　Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)　　41. C 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. D　　46. D 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. A　　51. B 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. C　　56. B 57. D 58. D 59. A 60. C　　61. B 62. A 63. A 64. C 65. B　　66. A 67. D 68. C 69. D 70. B　　Part IV Error Correction (15 minutes)　　1. being → been　　2. their → its　　3. relative → relatively　　4. good → bad　　5. as → 去掉　　6. politics → political　　7. by → for　　8. double → doubled　　9. more → fewer　　10. reason → the reason　　2003年12月详解　　Part I Listening Comprehension　　Section A　　1. C。这是一个理解题。男士问女士刚才是否看见玛莎，并且提到他今晚将和玛莎一起去音乐会，女士回答说玛莎就在附近，他应该可以找到她(You might
still be able to catch her.)显然答案为C.　　2.
A。这是一个推理题。女士抱怨说自己再也无法忍受城市越来越糟糕的空气污染，男士说正是如此，以前从没有过这么多的工厂。他间接地表达了工业的发展导致了空气污染加重的事实。所以A对。　　3. B。这是一个理解题。男士说想想他在试卷上写了那么多才得了C,
言下之意好象得不偿失。女士说她认为分数并不重要，重要的是在努力过程中所学会的东西才对将来工作有帮助，也就是B所表达的意思。　　4.
B。这是一个理解题。男士说自己的哥哥或弟弟周末要来，问女士三个人一起到外面就餐如何?女士说由男士决定，自己对附近的餐馆不了解。从对话谈论的内容就可以知道女士是让男士自己就这一问题拿主意，即答案为B.　　5.
D。这是一个推理题。女士对男士表示谢意说没有他的帮助自己不可能得奖。男士说她一直努力，理所应当。答案为D.其实本题也可用排除法，即区分谁得了奖，同样就可以得出答案D.　　6.
C。这是一个理解题。男士说他想报名参加一些环境委员会组织的义务工作，他听别人说这是一个了解社区的好途径。女士说确实如此，但得投入许多时间，所以她建议男士在时间安排中留出些时间。题干问的是女士的话语意思，所以选C.　　7.
B。这是一个理解题。女士问男士自己什么时候可以离开，她有一些重要的事务要处理。男士说那要取决于治疗情况，血一止住就可以走，不过他认为要化好几天时间。显然，男士(即医生)的意思是B的内容。　　8. A。这是一个理解题。男士说自己得知艾丽斯要到一家电子公司求职。女士说就自己所知，艾丽斯对电子一窍不通。本题主要考对“anything
but”的听力理解。所以女士的意思是A.　　9. C。这是一个推理题。男士说吉米明天要去旅行了，今晚要举行告别宴会吗?女士说有必要吗?吉米只离开几天啊!言下之意就是C的内容。　　10.
D。这是一个有关虚拟语气的推理题。男士说，关于语言教学研讨会的计划，他以为女士昨晚会给他打电话(当然，结果没打)。女士说，本来该打的，很抱歉(结果没打);因为汤姆和简顺便来访且一直呆到深夜。所以选D.　　Section B　　Passage One　　【短文大意】金门桥把美丽的旧金山市和郊区和北部连接起来。每天有近十万辆载人的汽车来回穿梭在大桥上。其中有一半多的人是在早晚交通高峰期时过桥的，因此旅程苦不堪言。　　然而现在有一群快乐的通勤者，他们从桥下而不是从桥上通过，他们很高兴坐半小时的船上班，其中一些人甚至对未来渡口决定采用15分钟的快船并不那么欢迎。　　11. C。题目问的是，在作者看来，乘车通过金门桥的人感受如何?根据其中一句“More than half of them cross the
bridge during the morning and evening rush hours when traffic is so heavy the
trip is not pleasant.”可知答案为C.即使这一句不太清楚，下面一句转折的话也可以帮助推测“Now however there is at
least one group of happy commuters.”　　12. D。题目问作者如何描述选择坐船的通勤者?本题可采用排除法，排除A和B, 文中没有提及。再根据其中一句“Best of all, being
on a boat seems to make people more friendly toward each other.”可得出D.　　13. B。题目问坐船的通勤者对渡口未来的计划如何反应?根据短文最后两句话“But not everyone is happy about that.
A lot of people feel that half an hour is just enough time to relax.”显然答案为B.　　Passage Two　　【短文大意】福斯梯克医生进行了一个为期两年的实验来调查怎样预防或减少蛀虫。有946个学生参加了实验。其中有523位学生在可能的情况下餐后十分钟用牙刷刷牙，不可能的时候就彻底地用水洗了口。剩余的423位学生只在早晚用牙刷刷牙。一年后后者患虫牙的机率比前者高三倍。两年后前者蛀牙率比后者少53%。福斯梯克医生十三年来一直坚持在每餐饭后刷牙，因此没有一颗蛀牙。他指出糖是牙齿腐烂的一个主要因素。而预防的一个主要途径就是用水洗口。　　14. A。题目问的是：根据短文，哪一种食物最可能导致牙齿的衰退?福斯梯克医生已经指出糖是牙齿衰退的一个主要因素，“Particularly the
sugar in sweets, cakes, and soft drinks.”。　　15. B。题目问的是：文章告诉了我们什么关于福斯梯克医生牙齿的情况?根据文中句子“Dr. Faustick has cleaned his
teeth after meal for thirteen years and has not had a single decayed tooth.”和“7
of out 10 people loose at least half of their teeth by the time they are
fifty.”以及“Many have a complete set of false teeth by that time.”，可以推而得知。　　16. D。题目问的是：福斯梯克医生提出了什么建议来预防牙齿衰退?根据短文中的句子“Ideally you should keep a tooth
brush in your pocket and use it immediately after you have finished
eating.”和上文中的实验以及福斯梯克医生的亲身经历“Dr. Faustick has cleaned his teeth after meal for
thirteen years and has not had a single decayed tooth.”，可以得出答案D.　　Passage Three　　【短文大意】本文讲的是国际红十字会组织的诞生。文中提到1838年，十岁的邓伦特被他的父亲带到一所监狱看见了一群用铁链锁住的囚犯在院子中沿着道路粉碎石头，使他萌发了要为失去自由的囚犯和倍受压迫的奴隶做点工作的念头。又提到1859
日他在从日内瓦到法国的途中目击了法国和奥地利军队之间战争的残酷，决定组织志愿服务者。他聚集了许多妇女来照顾不同国籍的伤兵和帮助外科医生进行救治。他认为：遭受痛苦的人不受种族、宗教和政治信仰的限制都应该得到救治。后来他的建议得到许多欧洲国家支持，并且在1864
年8月22 日签署了第一个日内瓦协议。为了纪念瑞士的贡献，又以颠倒的瑞士国旗为会旗。　　17.
A。题目问的是：什么最初使得邓伦特想到要帮助受压迫者?文中提到1838年，十岁的邓伦特被他的父亲带到一所监狱看见了一群用铁链锁住的囚犯在院子中沿着道路粉碎石头，使他萌发了要为失去自由的囚犯和倍受压迫的奴隶做点工作的念头。所以选A.　　18.
C。题目问的是：法国和奥地利战争期间邓伦特做了什么?文中提到他在从日内瓦到法国的途中目击了法国和奥地利军队之间战争的残酷，决定组织自愿服务。他聚集了许多妇女来照顾不同国籍的伤兵和帮助外科医生进行救治。因此选C.　　19.
D。题目问的是：邓伦特在创建国际红十字会组织的时候有什么信念?文中提到他认为：遭受痛苦的人不受种族、宗教和政治信仰的限制都应该只因为他自身而得到救治。故D对。　　20. C。题目问的是：为什么国际红十字会组织的标志设计为白底红十字?为了纪念瑞士的贡献，又以颠倒的瑞士国旗为会旗。所以选C.　　Part II Reading Comprehension　　Passage One　　【短文大意】
本文介绍了维生素的作用。越来越多研究表明即使少量的维生素缺乏也会有损身体健康。尽管关于维生素好处的证据还不是很充分，但花钱买维生素是很划算的。健康人至少连续两年每天吃400单位维生素E就不大可能患心脏病。但心脏病患者再吃维生素E却于事无补。维生素E的作用主要是预防而不是治疗疾病。但过量服用维生素也会引起麻烦。　　21.
A。本题为事实推断题。依据首段第一句话就可推断出以前的医生对服用复合维生素不以为然，因为他们认为维生素不能被人体吸收—从小便中排出体外。所以A为正确选项。　　22.
B。细节推断题。其答题依据为第二段第二句话。有关维生素的实验研究往往费时而且引起更多的疑问，言外之意此实验研究的结果没有定论。故B为正确答案。　　23. C。事实判断题。其答题依据为第四段，尤其是该段最后一句。维生素E有预防心脏病的功效但不能治好心脏病。故C
正确。B为干扰项，服用维生素E只是不太可能患心脏病，并不是有效减少心脏病的复发率，所以B不对。　　24. A。细节判断题。答题依据为第七段第二句话。大剂量服用维生素会引起大出血、神经系统的毛病及其它副作用。故A为正确答案。　　25. D。作者观点推断题。答题依据为最后一段。维生素不能代替运动和均衡的饮食。只要人们对维生素的好处不盲从，那每天适量服用它就很有益处。故D
为正确答案。　　Passage Two　　【短文大意】本文介绍了关于职业女性与婚姻的两种观点。有些未来学家认为随着女性劳动力人数的急剧增长，许多女性会选择不结婚。与此相反，另一种观点认为职业女性的增加会使结婚的人数也增加。作者显然赞成后一种观点。职业女性能提高家庭的收入和生活标准，因此有助于家庭情感的稳固。从心理因素考虑，职业女性在工作上的成就感也有利于家庭关系的稳定。女性成为家庭经济收入的主力军能提高她们在家里的地位，并有里利于婚姻中男女的平等。　　26. B。词汇猜意考查题。portend v. 预示，预兆;根据第一段第一句的句意可推断正确答案为B.　　27.
D。细节判断题。答题依据为第一段倒数底二句话。数据表明在经济衰退时，许多人因为无法负担组建家庭或因为对未来的困难没有把握而不结婚。故D为正确答案。　　28. C。事实判断题。答题依据为第三段最后一句话。女性在工作上的成就感有利于婚姻关系的稳定。故C为正确答案。　　29. A。细节推断题。答题依据为第三段第二句话。女性没有工作会有被囚禁在家的感受，她会选择离婚作为解救自己的唯一出路。故A为正确答案。　　30. D。文章主旨判断题。整段文章的主旨可从最后一句话看出。故D为正确答案。　　Passage Three　　【短文大意】本文介绍了对普遍人性观点的三种挑战。大多数哲学家认为人性将人与动物区分开来，人性使人成为理性的存在。但近来由于三种新的观点，这种传统观点受到质疑。第一种新视角就是历史研究方法。该方法认为远古人与现代人相去甚远。美国人类学家的研究也赞成历史研究方法，人类学家认为人类生下来就像一张白纸等待文化的涂写。第二种新视角认为所谓“人性”的说法不过是为人类非人道的行为做掩护，如亚里士多德利用“人性”为奴隶制作辩护。第三种挑战来自于进化论。一旦人被视为处于不断进化的过程当中，普遍人性的观点自然就站不住脚。　　31. B。纵观全文得出对普遍人性这一看法的挑战主要来自历史研究观点。而题干是问对“人性”的挑战主要来自何种观点。故B为正确答案。　　32.
C。细节判断题。答题依据为第二段第四句。对远古民族的研究揭示了人类风俗、价值观、感情和思想的多样性，因此许多考古学家认为人类出生时像一张白纸，真正起决定作用的是文化。言外之意没有固定不变的人性。故C为正确答案。　　33. B。事实判断题。答题依据为第二段第五句。作者以亚里士多德为例说明有些哲学家用“人性”的名义作为掩护人类罪恶的幌子。故B为正确答案。　　34. D。词汇猜意考查题。untenable adj. 站不住脚的，无法辩护的。根据本句上下文可知正确答案为D.　　35. A。细节题。答案可从第一段看出。　　Passage Four　　【短文大意】本文是篇介绍“虚拟现实外科手术”的科普说明文。Richard Satava
—高级医疗技术的程序经理，他是推动虚拟现实外科手术发展的主力。虚拟外科手术利用计算机为外科医生创造虚拟的手术环境。这种技术可以让美国海外作战的伤员在当地移动医疗中心接受手术。　　36.
C。细节判断题。答题依据为第一段和二段。将虚拟技术运用到外科手术中能每个战壕都有一个外科医生，即海外战场的医疗条件能大大提高。故C为正确答案。　　37. A。细节推断题。答案依据第三段。故A为正确答案。　　38.
C。细节推断题。答题依据为第四段最后两句话。虚拟手术的过程外科医生通过观察伤口的三维画面，他们操作与电脑联网的仪器，电脑将他们的动作传递给机器人医生来操刀外科手术。故C为正确答案。　　39. D。细节推断题。答题依据为倒数第二段第一句话。为了将伤口看得更清，外科医生都戴上三维眼镜。故D为正确答案。　　40.
D。事实判断题。答题依据为倒数第二段最后一句话。外科医生指挥机器人外科医生切除坏的组织，机器人比真人外科医生更精确地操刀动手术。故D为正确答案。　　Part III Vocabulary　　41. C。形容词辨析题。因为计划很可行他建议我们实行该计划。probable adj.可能的;sustainable adj.
可持续的;feasible adj. 可行的;eligible adj.合格的。根据句意feasible切题故选C.　　42. A。名词辨析题。这本书讲述的是这些基本的信仰和价值观是如何影响美国生活中的重要层面的。 facet n. 方面;format n.
格式;formula n. 化学式，配方;fashion n.时尚。　　43. B。动词辨析题。找到石油是回事，但提取石油并将其运送到工业地带是另一回事。permeate v. 渗透;extract vt.
提取;distinguish vt. 辨别;concentrate vt. 集中注意力。根据句意extract切题故选B.　　44. A。形容词辨析题。 在亚洲的课堂里，学生要服从老师并保持安静。obedient adj.服从的听话的;overwhelming adj.
压倒性的，极度的;skeptical adj.怀疑的;subsidiary adj.次要的，附属的。根据句意obedient切题故选A.　　45. D。本题考查固定搭配的掌握。我社记者刚打电话来说援救小组会努力救出被围困的矿工。endeavour to 试图，努力;effect n.
效果;affect vt. 影响;conceive (of) 想出，构思。根据句意endeavour切题故选D.　　46. D。此题考查动词固定搭配的掌握。西班牙队去年输给德国队，下周它会尽最大努力报仇雪耻。revenge oneself on sb.
是固定搭配，“向某人报仇”的意思，故选D. remedy v. 补救，治疗;reproach v. 责备;revive v.复活，复兴。　　47. B。形容词辨析题 。Mason的话引起许多困惑，他意识到他最好向观众明确表达自己的意思。exclusive adj.
独家的，独有的;explicit adj.明确的;objective adj.客观的;obscure adj.
模糊的。根据句意explicit切题故选B.　　48. A。动词辨析题 。有一道考题难倒我了，我做不出来。baffle vt. 难倒，难住;mingle v. 混合;provoke v.
激怒，招惹;divert v.转向，改道。根据句意baffle切题故选A.　　49. C。动词辨析题 。那辆大黑卡车撞上人行道离我们仅几英尺，这一幕情景永远无法从我记忆中抹去。eject v.; 喷出，射出;escape vi.
逃跑;erase vt. 擦掉，抹掉;omit vt. 省略。　　50. A。名词辨析题 。脂肪的摄入量和心脏病的发病率有关联，目前对这种说法既不能肯定也不能反驳。incidence n.发病率;impetus
n.推动力;rupture n. 破裂，绝交;emergence n. 紧急情况。根据句意incidence切题故选A.　　51. B。短语辨析题 。许多人认为不能将武力作为寻求政治目的的手段。in search of 寻找;in pursuit of 追求;in view
of 鉴于，由于; in light of 根据。 根据句意in pursuit of 切题故选B.　　52. C。动词辨析题。如果银行员工对支票不敢确定时，银行经理就要亲自确认支票。credit vt. 信赖;assure vt. 确保;certify
vt. 确认;access n. 接触的机会或方法。根据句意certify切题故选C.　　53. B。固定搭配考查题。人们人认为当局正在考虑征收新的税以增加收入。impair v.损害;impose vt. 强加;invade vt.
侵略;integrate v. 使成一体。根据句意integrate切题故选B.　　54. C。动词近义词辨析题。当她听到这个不好的消息时眼里泪光闪闪，但她强撑着克制自己的感情。sparkle, twinkle, glitter
都可指(因高兴而)发光，而radiate可指释放某种痛苦的情感。　　55. C。动词辨析题 。有些场合赠送礼品胜过言语交谈，因为礼品传达的内涵能跨越语言和文化的障碍。overtake v.追上;nourish v.
滋养surpass vt.胜过;enforce vt.实施，加强。　　56. B。名词辨析题。为了使队列流通，有冗长交易的顾客要在营业部里面进行交易。transit n. 运送; transaction n.
交易，比如：The stockbroker deals with transact ions in stocks and shares for his
clients everyday, turnover n.营业额;tempo n.进度，速度。根据句意，transaction切题，故选B.　　57. D。动词辨析题。威尔森总统企图斡旋这些权力部门来结束战争，但哪一方也不肯让步。 segregate v. 隔离; whirl v.
旋转;compromise v. 组成;mediate v. 斡旋。mediate 一般搭配between,比如： The manager mediated
between the employer and employee.　　58. D。名词辨析题。警察在危险的岔路口装了摄像机来拍下闯红灯的司机。trench n. 壕沟;utility n. 用处，实效;pavement
n. 人行道;junction n. 道路交叉点。根据句意，junction切题，故选D.　　59. A。据报导昨天有三十人在天铁路撞车事故中丧生。collision n. 撞车;collaboration n. 合作;corrosion
n.腐蚀;confrontation n. 面临。　　60. C。形容词辨析题。圆圈既没有起点也没有终点，所以结婚戒指是永恒爱情的象征。successive adj. 连续的;consecutive
adj. 连续不断的;eternal adj.永恒的;insistent adj.迫切的，紧急的。　　61. B。形容词辨析题。公司的总裁们生活奢侈，他们享受着免费礼品、美酒和高薪。exquisite adj.精致的;extravagant adj.
奢侈的;exotic adj. 异国情调的;eccentric adj.古怪的。　　62. A。动词辨析题。如果你想钻进隧道的话你首先得清除所有的石头。haul v.拖;repel v. 拒绝;dispose v.
处理，清理;snatch v. 抓，攫取。　　63. A。动词辨析题。有些粮作物相对产量较高可以优先种植来提高粮食供给量。enhance v.提高，促进;enhance the supply,
enhance the value/price/attractions/ curb v. 控制;disrupt v. 分裂;heighten v.
变高;加强。比如：Her anger was heightened at the sight of the disguised beggar.　　64. C。名词辨析题 。加利福利亚大学的天文学家发现了最遥远的星系之一。paradox n. 矛盾;paradise n. 天堂; galaxy
n.星系;shuttle n. 梭。根据句意galaxy切题故选C　　65. B。固定搭配考查题。许多伟大的科学家把他们的成功归因于勤奋工作。portray v.描写;ascribe to 归因于;impart v.
传授; acknowledge v. 承认。根据句意ascribe切题故选B　　66. A。词义辨析题。标志树立在路边是为了提醒司机有一个急转弯。refresh使清新，使提神;plead恳求，以…为借口; divert转移，转向。
根据句意A 对，例如：alert sb, to the fact that...提醒某人注意…的事实。　　67. D。动词辨析题。医生没指望这个病人会活很长时间。monitor n. 班长，监测器;manifest vt. 体现，显现;articulate
vi. 清楚地说，明确地说;anticipate vt. 期待。据上下文，anticipate切题，故选D.　　68. C。名词辨析题 。如果症状持续好几天就去看医生征求他的意见。response n.反应;signal n. 信号; symptom n.
症状;reflection n. 映像，思考。根据句意symptom切题,故选C.　　69. D。固定搭配考查题。我们发现不可能遵守最新的安全规则。 accord v.符合;unify v.团结;obey vt. 服从;comply
(with) 遵守。根据句意comply切题,故选D.　　70. B。动词辨析题。 Smith教授与Brown教授俩人将轮流开一系列美国文学的讲座。alter v. 改变;alternate v.
轮流，交替;substitute v. 替换;exchange v. 交换。根据句意alternate切题,故选B.　　Part IV Error Correction　　71. being → been现在完成时的进行时态为have been + 现在分词。　　72. their → its此处代词代名词 population为单数，所以代词应是its而非their.　　73. relative → relatively修饰形容词isolated 应为副词relatively而非形容词relative.　　74. good → poor/bad句首用了Except for,显然是指不好的事情，故这里应将good 改为bad或poor.　　75. even as if → even if此处考查固定短语even if,即使。as if
仿佛。根据上下文应为即使世界人口到21世纪中叶增长两倍。　　76. politics → political此处and连接三个并列的形容词economic, environmental,和politic.
politics是名词，political才是形容词政治的。　　77. by → for此处考查固定短语。for instance 例如,没有for instance.　　78. double → doubled此处应为现在完成时态，have more than doubled corn and wheat
yields,意为在试验中，进口种子、肥料和先进的种植技术使玉米和小麦的产量增长了两倍多。　　79. few → fewer此处and 连接两个并列的形容词比较级，所以把few改为fewer.　　80. crop → crops crop指“庄稼”时，常用复数形式作单数时，意为“产量”。　　Part V Writing　　Reduce Waste on Campus　　Nowadays, waste is quite prevalent and serious on campus. Food is thrown
away simply because it doesn’t taste good. Newspapers and magazines are
discarded, because they have been read. What is worse, students seem to be quite
accustomed to such waste and don’t have a feeling of guilt.　　Waste can do much harm. Our country has the largest population in the world
and suffers from a shortage of natural resources. It is crucial for us to make
full use of what we have, or else, the resources will soon run out, and we will
have nothing left for the next generations. Waste is certainly making matters
worse.　　Second, waste may contribute to a habit of extravagance, which is not good
at all. We Chinese people have the good tradition of being economic, and are
indignant about waste of any kind.　　Therefore, all of us should reduce waste. We can try to eat up a meal. We
may give our old books to those who need them, instead of throwing them away.
Also, we should form the notion that waste is quite shameful. As long as all of
us take action, waste will surely be reduced.　　2003年12月原文　　Section A　　1. M: Did you see Martha just now? I want to ask her to go with us to the
concert tonight.　　W: She must be around somewhere. You might still be able to catch her.　　Q: What does the woman mean?　　2. M: I can’t bare the air pollution in this city anymore. It is getting
worse and worse.　　W: You said it. We’ve never had so many factories before.　　Q: What does the man mean?　　3. M: Just think I went through so much work on my paper only to get a
C.　　W: Well, I don’t think grades are everything. What you have learned in the
process will prove useful in your future work.　　Q: What does the woman imply?　　4. M: My brother is coming this weekend, and I was thinking the three of us
could go out to dinner Saturday night. Any suggestions?　　W: It’s up to you. I don’t know the restaurant here that well.　　Q: What does the woman mean?　　5. M: I couldn’t have won the award without your assistance. Thank you very
much.　　M: You have been working so hard. You deserve the honor.　　Q: What do we learned from the conversation?　　6. M: I’d like to sign up for some voluntary work with the environment
council. I hear it is a great way to connect with the community.　　W: It sure is. But you’ll have to put in a lot of hours. So you must leave
some room in scheduling your time.　　Q: What does the woman imply?　　7. M: Can you tell me when I can leave here, doctor? I have some important
business to attend to.　　M: That depends on how your condition reacts to our treatment. You may
leave as soon as the bleeding stops. I think that will take a couple of
days.　　Q: What does the doctor mean?　　8. M: I’m told Alice is trying to find a job in an electronics company.　　W: As far as I know, she is good at anything but electronics.　　Q: What does the woman mean?　　9. M: Jimmy is going on a journey tomorrow. Shall we have a farewell dinner
tonight?　　W: Do you think it’s necessary? You know he will be away just a few
days.　　Q: What does the woman mean?　　10. M: I thought you were going to call me last night about the plans for
the conference on language teaching.　　W: Sorry, I should have, but Tom and Jane stopped by and stayed until
midnight.　　Q: What do we learn from the conversation?　　Section B　　Passage One　　The Golden Gate Bridge joins the beautiful city of San Francisco with the
suburbs to the north. Each day about one hundred thousand automobiles cross the
bridge taking people to and from the city. More than half of them cross the
bridge during the morning and evening rush hours. When traffic is so heavy the
trip is not pleasant. Now, however, there is at least one group of happy
commuters. These are the people who travel under the bridge instead of on it.
They go to work by boat and enjoy it so much that most of them say they will
never go by car again. The ferry they take is spacious, quiet and comfortable.
Commuters can enjoy the sun on deck. In the morning they can have breakfast in
the coffee shop. And in the evening they can order a drink in the bar while
looking at the beautiful scenery. The trip takes only 30 minutes and is not very
costly. Best of all, being on a boat seems to make people more friendly toward
each other. There has already been a marriage of two commuters who met on the
ferry. Because the ferry has been so successful, there are plans to use other
still larger boats. The re is also a proposal for a high speed boat that will
make the trip in only 15 minutes. But not everyone is happy about that. A lot of
people feel that half an hour is just enough time to relax.　　11. According to the speaker how do commuters feel about crossing the
Golden Gate Bridge by car?　　12. What does the speaker say about ferry commuters?　　13. How do commuters respond to plans for the future of the ferry?　　Passage Two　　How many teeth have you had filled in the past two years? If you follow the
adv ice of Dr. Faustick, you may be able to reduce the number of your visits to
a dentist. Dr. Faustick conducted a two-year survey to find out how to prevent
or re duce dental decay. 946 students took part in an experiment. 523 students
cleaned their teeth within ten minutes of eating: when possible they used a
toothbrush, when this was impossible they washed their mouth thoroughly with
water. The remaining 423 students merely cleaned their teeth when they went to
bed and when they got up in the morning. All the students had their teeth
X-rayed at the end of the first and second years. At the end of the first year,
the night and morning group had three times as many decayed teeth as the clean
after each meal group. At the end of the second year the latter group had 53
percent fewer decayed teeth than the former group. Dr. Faustick has cleaned his
teeth after meal for thirteen years and has not had a single decayed tooth. He
pointed out that sugar is a major agent in dental decay. Particularly the sugar
in sweets, cakes, and soft drinks. Ideally you should keep a tooth brush in your
pocket and use it immediately after you have finished eating. When this is
impractical you can at least make sure that you have a drink of water and let
the water through your teeth to force out any particles of food. 7 out of 10
people loose at least ha lf of their teeth by the time they are fifty. Many have
a complete set of false teeth by that time. In any case neither toothache nor a
visit to a dentist is very pleasant. So it is worthwhile making an effort to
keep you own teeth as long as possible. The main preventative agent is simply
water.　　14. According to the passage what kind of food is most likely to cause
dental decay?　　15. What does the passage tell us about the condition of Dr. Faustick’s
teeth?　　16. What does Dr. Faustick suggest to prevent dental decay?　　Passage Three　　The worldwide Organization of the Red Cross stems from the ideal of Henri
Dunant, a Swiss Banker. In 1838, at the age of ten, Dunant was taken by his
father to visit a prison, there he saw prisoners chained together exercising in
the yard and breaking stones along the road. This experience left a deep
impression on him and made him determined to do something for convicts and
slaves and for all who were oppressed and deprived of their liberty. On 24th
June 1859 while on his way from Geneva to France, Dunant witnessed the battle
between the French and Austrian armies. It was one of the fiercest battles of
the 19th century. Shocked by the lack of medical supplies and attention given to
the wounded, Dunant decided that a volunteer service had to be organized. He
gathered together a number of women who attended to the hundreds of wounded
soldiers of all nationalities and helped the surgeons as best they could. From
that battle Dunant determined to form a body of people who would rally together
in times of war and attend to the needs of wounded and dying. Dunant held that a
suffering human being should be helped for his own sake only and without regard
to race, religion, or political beliefs. Many European states supported him and
on 22nd August 1864 the first Geneva Convention was signed. This lays down that
once a soldier is wounded he and everyone else who comes to his help ceases to
be an enemy. A symbol by which the relief workers could be recognized was
devised. As a tribute to Switzerland, the symbol was the Swiss flag reversed.
That is a red cross on a white ground. So the Red Cross was born.　　17. What first led Henri Dunant to think of helping the oppressed?　　18. What did Henri Dunant do during the battle between the French and
Austrian armies?　　19. What was Henri Dunant’s belief when he founded the Red Cross?　　20. Why was the symbol of the Red Cross designed with a red cross on a
white ground?
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